Luluphi unxibelelwano phakathi kweGiant Cell Arteritis kunye namehlo akho?

Umxholo

• Indlela enkulu ngayo i-arteritis yeseli echaphazela amehlo
• Iimpawu zeengxaki zamehlo
• Ukuphulukana nombono
• Uvavanyo lwamehlo
• Unyango
• Ukuphila kakuhle nelahleko yombono
• Yise kude

Imithambo yimithambo ethwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni yakho liye kuwo wonke umzimba wakho. Elo gazi lityebile kwioksijini, ekufuneka zonke izicwili zakho kunye namalungu asebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Kwi-cell cell arteritis (GCA) enkulu, imithambo entlokweni yakho iyavutha. Njengokuba le mithambo yegazi idumba, ziyacutheka, nto leyo ethintela inani legazi abanokuliphatha. Ukungabikho kwegazi kuthiwa yi-ischemia.

Igazi elincinci kakhulu linokwenzakalisa amehlo akho kwaye libangele ukulahleka kombono ngequbuliso. Ubumfama kwi-GCA ikakhulu bubangelwa yi-ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), apho i-optic nerve yonakala khona. Ukuqala kunyango ngokukhawuleza kunokuthintela ukuba ungaboni.

Indlela enkulu ngayo i-arteritis yeseli echaphazela amehlo

Ukunciphisa imithambo kwi-GCA kunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi emehlweni. Ukungabikho kwegazi kuyonakalisa imithambo-luvo kunye nolunye ulwakhiwo ekufuneka ulubonile ngokucacileyo. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi na iliso elilahleka ukuhamba kwegazi, unokuba neengxaki ukusuka kumbono ophindwe kabini ukuya ekulahlekelweni kwamehlo.

I-GCA iyanciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwiindawo ezithile ezikunceda ubone. Oku kulahleka kwegazi kunokubangela ukuba ulahlekelwe ngumbono osecaleni.

Iimpawu zeengxaki zamehlo

I-GCA ihlala ichaphazela imithambo yegazi entlokweni yakho. Iimpawu eziphambili ziintloko ezibuhlungu kunye nentlungu entlokweni yakho, ngakumbi kufutshane neetempile zakho. Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya iintlungu zomhlathi, umkhuhlane nokudinwa.

Xa i-GCA ichaphazela amehlo, iimpawu zinokubandakanya:

• umbono kabini (idiplopia)
• intlungu ejikeleze amehlo
• izibane ezidanyazayo
• utshintsho lombala
• ukungaboni kakuhle
• ukulahleka okwexeshana kombono kwiliso elinye
• ukungaboni ngokukhawuleza kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo

Abanye abantu abanazimpawu de baphulukane nombono wabo.

Ukuphulukana nombono

Ukunciphisa okanye ukuvala imithambo yegazi emehlweni kunokukhokelela kubumfama. Ukulahleka kombono kunokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Malunga neepesenti ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-50 zabantu abane-GCA enganyangekiyo baya kuphulukana nombono kwiliso elinye.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukungaboni kwenzeka kwelinye iliso kwiintsuku ezili-1 ukuya kwezi-10 kamva. Ngaphandle konyango, malunga nesinye kwisithathu sabantu abaphulukene nombono kwelinye iliso baya kuphulukana nokubona kwelinye iliso. Nje ukuba ulahlekelwe kukubona, ayisayi kubuya.

Uvavanyo lwamehlo

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-GCA okanye uneempawu zombono, jonga ugqirha wamehlo.

Uvavanyo lokuchonga ukulahleka kombono kwi-GCA lubandakanya:

• Jonga ubungakanani bembonakalo yakho. Ukubonakala kwakho kukucaca kunye nokubukhali kombono wakho. Uya kufunda kwitshathi yamehlo. Ubukrelekrele bokubona okuqhelekileyo ngama-20/20, nto leyo ethetha ukuba uyakwazi ukufunda ukusuka kumgama weenyawo ezingama-20 oko umntu onombono oqhelekileyo anokukufunda kuloo mgama.
• Uvavanyo lwamehlo olucocekileyo. Ugqirha wamehlo wakho uya kusebenzisa amathontsi ukwengeza, okanye wandise, umfundi wakho. Olu vavanyo lunokubonisa ukonakala kwi-retina yakho kunye ne-optic nerve.
• Jonga umthambo entlokweni yakho. Ugqirha wakho wamehlo unokucinezela ngobunono kwimithambo ecaleni kwentloko yakho ukubona ukuba ingqindilili kunesiqhelo - uphawu lwe-GCA.
• Uvavanyo lwentsimi ebonakalayo. Olu vavanyo lujonga umbono wakho (ecaleni) umbono.
• I-fluorescein angiography. Ugqirha wakho wamehlo uza kufaka idayi kwimithambo engalweni yakho. Idayi iya kuhamba kwimithambo yegazi kwiso lakho kwaye ibenze i-fluoresce, okanye ikhanye. Emva koko ikhamera ekhethekileyo iya kuthatha imifanekiso yamehlo akho ukunceda ugqirha wakho abone naziphi na iingxaki kwimithambo yegazi.

Unyango

Unyango lwe-GCA ikakhulu lubandakanya ukuthatha idosi ephezulu yamachiza e-corticosteroid njenge-prednisone. Kubalulekile ukuba uqale ukuthatha la mayeza ngokukhawuleza ukugcina umbono wakho. Ugqirha wakho akanakulinda de ufumane ukuba une-GCA ngokusemthethweni ukuze aqale kwi-steroid.

Nje ukuba unyango, iimpawu zakho kufuneka ziphuculwe kwisithuba seentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3. Emva kokuba iimpawu zakho ziphantsi kolawulo, ugqirha wakho ungaqala ngokuthe chu ukuthoba idosi yakho ye-steroid. Kodwa unokufuna ukuhlala kula mayeza ixesha elingangeminyaka emibini.

Ukuba isifo sakho sinzima kwaye sele ulahlekelwe ngumbono, ugqirha wakho unokukunika iidosi eziphezulu kakhulu ze-steroids nge-IV. Nje ukuba imeko yakho iphuculwe, uya kutshintshela kwiipilisi ze-steroid.

Amachiza e-Steroid anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje ngamathambo abuthathaka kunye nomngcipheko owandayo we-cataract. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango ukunceda ukulawula ezi ngxaki.

I-Steroids isebenza kakuhle kulawulo lwe-GCA. La mayeza awakwazi ukubuyisa umbono osele ulahlekile, kodwa anokugcina umbono owushiyileyo.

Ukuba i-steroids ayiyikukhulula iingxaki zakho zombono kunye nezinye iimpawu, unokufuna ukuthatha amanye amayeza kunye ne-steroids okanye endaweni yazo. I-Methotrexate kunye ne-tocilizumab (Actemra) zezinye iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga le meko.

Ukuphila kakuhle nelahleko yombono

Ukuphulukana nokubona kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kubomi bakho, kodwa ungafunda ukwenza owona mbono ushiyekileyo. Zama ezi ngcebiso:

• Beka izibane eziqaqambileyo ejikeleze ikhaya lakho kunye neofisi. Khanyisa isibane ngokuthe ngqo kuwo nawuphi na umsebenzi owenzayo, nokuba uyafunda, uyathunga, okanye uyapheka.
• Sebenzisa imibala eqaqambileyo ukuphucula umahluko phakathi kwezinto. Umzekelo, unokubeka umbala oqaqambileyo kwisitulo esimhlophe ukwenza isitulo sibonakale.
• Thenga iincwadi ezinkulu, iiwotshi, kunye neewotshi. Yandisa ubungakanani befonti kwikhompyuter yakho kunye nakwiselfowuni.
• Sebenzisa izinto zokukhulisa kunye nezinye izixhobo zokujonga umbono ophantsi ukukunceda ubone ngokucacileyo.

Yise kude

Ukulahleka kombono kwi-GCA kunokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba unempawu ezinje ngombono ophindwe kabini, umbono ophazamisayo, iintlungu zamehlo, okanye ukulahleka kombono kwiliso elinye, jonga ugqirha wamehlo okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unale meko, ukuthatha idosi ephezulu ye-steroids yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela ukubona kwakho. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo kwaye uthathe onke amayeza akho. Ukuyeka unyango ngokukhawuleza kunokubeka umngcipheko kwamehlo akho.