Ubuchule

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela igigantism?
• Ukuqonda imiqondiso ye-gigantism
• Ifunyaniswa njani i-gigantism?
• Iphathwa njani i-gigantism?
• Ugqirha
• Amayeza
• Iigrafu zokwenza imitha yeGamma
• Umbono wexesha elide wabantwana abane-gigantism

Yintoni iGigantism?

I-Gigantism yimeko enqabileyo ebangela ukukhula okungaqhelekanga ebantwaneni. Olu tshintsho lubaluleke kakhulu ngokobude, kodwa isinqe siyachaphazeleka ngokunjalo. Kwenzeka xa idlala lengqula lomntwana wakho lenza ihommone yokukhula kakhulu, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-somatotropin.

Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kubalulekile. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokumisa okanye lucothise utshintsho olunokubangela ukuba umntwana wakho akhule abe mkhulu kunesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, imeko inokuba nzima kubazali ukuyifumana. Iimpawu ze-gigantism zinokubonakala ngathi kukukhula okuqhelekileyo ekukhuleni komntwana ekuqaleni.

Yintoni ebangela igigantism?

Ithumba lelungu lobudoda liphantse lihlale lingunobangela wegigantism. Idlala lobungakanani bepea elisezantsi kwengqondo yakho. Yenza iihormoni ezilawula imisebenzi emininzi emzimbeni wakho. Eminye imisebenzi elawulwa yindlala ibandakanya:

• ulawulo lobushushu
• ukukhula ngokwesondo
• ukukhula
• imetabolism
• imveliso yokuchama

Xa ithumba likhula kwincindi yebhinqa, idlala lenza ukukhula okungakumbi kunedinga lomzimba.

Kukho ezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokugigantism:

• Isifo iMcCune-Albright sibangela ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kumathambo, iziqwengana zesikhumba esimdaka ngombala, kunye nokuqaqamba kwamadlala.
• Isakhiwo seCarney yimeko ebangelwe njengelifa ebangela amathumba angenamhlaza kwizicwili ezinxibelelanayo, umhlaza okanye izilonda ezingenamhlaza zamabala endocrine, kunye neendawo zesikhumba esimnyama.
• Uhlobo lwe-endocrine neoplasia yohlobo lwe-1 (MEN1) sisifo esizuzwe njengelifa esibangela amathumba kwincindi yebhinqa, ipancreas, okanye amadlala okubola.
• I-Neurofibromatosis sisifo esizuzwe njengelifa esibangela amathumba kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

Ukuqonda imiqondiso ye-gigantism

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-gigantism, unokuqaphela ukuba bakhulu kakhulu kunabanye abantwana abakwiminyaka efanayo. Kwakhona, amanye amalungu emizimba yabo anokuba makhulu ngokulingana namanye amalungu. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• izandla neenyawo ezinkulu kakhulu
• iinzwane ezishinyeneyo neminwe
• umhlathi obalaseleyo nebunzi
• ubuso oburhabaxa

Abantwana abane-gigantism banokuba neempumlo ezicaba kunye neentloko ezinkulu, imilebe, okanye ulwimi.

Iimpawu umntwana wakho anazo zixhomekeke kubungakanani be-pituitary gland tumor. Njengoko ithumba likhula, linokucinezela kwimithambo-luvo kwingqondo. Uninzi lwabantu luneentloko ezibandayo, iingxaki zombono, okanye isicaphucaphu esivela kumathumba kule ndawo. Ezinye iimpawu ze-gigantism zingabandakanya:

• ukubila okugqithisileyo
• iintloko ezinzima okanye eziphindaphindiweyo
• ubuthathaka
• ukuphuthelwa nezinye iingxaki zokulala
• ukulibaziseka ekufikeni kwamakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana
• Ukuya exesheni ngokungaqhelekanga kumantombazana
• isithulu

Ifunyaniswa njani i-gigantism?

Ukuba ugqirha womntwana wakho ukrokrela i-gigantism, banokucebisa uvavanyo lwegazi ukulinganisa amanqanaba okukhula kwehomoni kunye nokukhula okufana ne-insulin 1 (IGF-1), eyihomoni eveliswa sisibindi. Ugqirha unokucebisa novavanyo lokunyamezelana ngomlomo.

Ngethuba lovavanyo lokunyamezela i-glucose yomlomo, umntwana wakho uya kusela isiselo esikhethekileyo esine-glucose, uhlobo lweswekile. Iisampulu zegazi ziya kuthathwa ngaphambi nasemva kokuba umntwana wakho esele esi siselo.

Kumzimba oqhelekileyo, amanqanaba okukhula kwehomoni aya kulahla emva kokutya okanye ukusela iswekile. Ukuba amanqanaba omntwana wakho ahlala efanayo, oko kuthetha ukuba umzimba wabo uvelisa i-hormone yokukhula kakhulu.

Ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa i-gigantism, umntwana wakho uya kufuna ukuskena i-MRI ye-pituitary gland. Oogqirha basebenzisa le scan ukuze bafumane ithumba kwaye babone ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwayo.

Iphathwa njani i-gigantism?

Unyango lwe-gigantism lujolise ekuyekiseni okanye ekucothiseni imveliso yomntwana wakho yehomoni yokukhula.

Ugqirha

Ukususa ithumba lunyango olukhethwayo lwe-gigantism ukuba ngoyena nobangela.

Ugqirha uya kufika kwi-tumor ngokwenza i-incision kwimpumlo yomntwana wakho. Ii-microscopes okanye iikhamera ezincinci zinokusetyenziselwa ukunceda ugqirha obonayo ukuba abone ithumba kwidlala. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umntwana wakho kufuneka akwazi ukubuyela ekhaya evela esibhedlele ngosuku olulandelayo emva kotyando.

Amayeza

Ngamanye amaxesha, utyando alunakuba lolukhetho. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokonzakala kwisitya segazi esibalulekileyo okanye kwimithambo-luvo.

Ugqirha womntwana wakho unokucebisa amayeza ukuba utyando alunakukhetha. Olu nyango lwenzelwe ukuba sinciphise ithumba okanye siyeke ukuveliswa kwehommone yokukhula okugqithileyo.

Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa iziyobisi i-octreotide okanye i-lanreotide ukunqanda ukukhutshwa kwehommone yokukhula. La machiza alingisa enye ihomoni eyeka ukukhula kwemveliso yehomoni. Zihlala zinikezelwa ngenaliti malunga nenyanga kanye.

I-Bromocriptine kunye ne-cabergoline ngamachiza anokusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa amanqanaba okukhula kwehomoni. Ezi zinikezelwa kwifom yeepilisi. Zingasetyenziswa nge-octreotide. I-Octreotide yihomoni eyenziweyo ethi, xa itofelwe, inokuhlisa amanqanaba okukhula kwehomoni kunye ne-IGF-1.

Kwiimeko apho la mayeza engancedi khona, ukufotwa kwemihla ngemihla kwe-pegvisomant kunokusetyenziswa ngokunjalo. I-Pegvisomant sisiyobisi esivimba iziphumo zokukhula kwamahomoni. Oku kwehlisa amanqanaba e-IGF-1 emzimbeni womntwana wakho.

Iigrafu zokwenza imitha yeGamma

Imitha ye-Gamma radiosurgery lukhetho ukuba ugqirha womntwana wakho ukholelwa ukuba utyando lwesiko alunakwenzeka.

"Imela ye-gamma" yingqokelela yemitha yemitha egxile kakhulu. Ezi miqadi azenzakalisi izicubu ezijikelezileyo, kodwa ziyakwazi ukuhambisa idosi enamandla yemitha kwindawo apho zidibanisa kwaye zibethe ithumba. Le ithamo kwanele ukuba ukutshabalalisa ithumba.

Ukunyangwa kwemela yeGamma kuthatha iinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka ukuze isebenze ngokupheleleyo kwaye ibuyisele amanqanaba okukhula kwehommoni esiqhelweni. Yenziwa ngaphandle kwesigulana phantsi kwe-anesthetic ngokubanzi.

Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni i-radiation kolu hlobo lotyando inxulunyaniswe nokutyeba kakhulu, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, kunye nemicimbi yeemvakalelo ebantwaneni, ihlala isetyenziswa kuphela xa ezinye iindlela zonyango zingasebenzi.

Umbono wexesha elide wabantwana abane-gigantism

Ngokwesibhedlele iSt. Joseph's kunye neZiko Lonyango, iipesenti ezingama-80 zamatyala e-gigantism abangelwa lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-pituitary tumor iyanyangwa ngoqhaqho. Ukuba ithumba liyabuya okanye ukuba uqhaqho alunakwenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo, amayeza anokusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iimpawu zomntwana wakho kunye nokuzivumela ukuba ziphile ubomi obude kunye nobanelisayo.