Izitofu zokukhulelwa: zeziphi ezizakuthathwa kwaye zeziphi ezingenakho

Umxholo

• Izitofu eziboniswe xa ukhulelwe
• Ezinye izitofu
• Izitofu zokugonya ezichaseneyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Ezinye izitofu zinokuqhutywa ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngaphandle komngcipheko kumama okanye elusaneni nasekuqinisekiseni ukukhuselwa kwizifo. Ezinye ziboniswa kuphela kwiimeko ezizodwa, oko kukuthi, xa kwenzeka isifo esixekweni apho umfazi ahlala khona, umzekelo.

Ezinye izitofu zenziwe ngentsholongwane eyancitshiswayo, oko kukuthi, kunciphise ukusebenza kwaye, ke, akukhuthazwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kuba banokubeka ubomi bomfazi okhulelweyo kunye nosana emngciphekweni. Ke ngoko, ngaphambi kokuba ugonywe, owasetyhini okhulelweyo kufuneka adibane nengcali yokubelekisa ukuvavanya ukuba angalufumana na isitofu ngaphandle komngcipheko.

Izitofu eziboniswe xa ukhulelwe

Ezinye izitofu zingathathwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngaphandle komngcipheko weengxaki kumama okanye kusana. Esinye sezitofu zokugonya seso umkhuhlane, ebaluleke kakhulu kubafazi abakhulelweyo ukuba bayithathe, njengoko bethathwa njengeqela elinomngcipheko weengxaki zentsholongwane. Ke ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo bathathe iyeza lokugonya ngexesha lokukhululwa kwamaphulo okugonya, ahlala enzeka ngexesha lonyaka xa kubhaliswa iimeko ezininzi zomkhuhlane.

Ukongeza kwisitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane, kubalulekile ukuba abasetyhini bathathe Ugonyo lwe-dTpa, eyintsholongwane kathathu, ekhusela kwi-diphtheria, isifo sokuqina kwemiphunga kunye nokukhohlela, okanye dT, esikhusela kwi-diphtheria kunye ne-tetanus. Eli chiza libalulekile kuba ukongeza ekukhuseleni umfazi okhulelweyo, izilwa-buhlungu eziveliswayo ziye zigqithiselwe kwimveku engekazalwa, ukuqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kosana kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi de kube nako ukugonywa. Inani leedosi ekufuneka zenziwe lixhomekeke kwimbali yokugonywa kwabasetyhini, kwimeko apho engakhange agonywe, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kunikwe idosi ezimbini ukusuka kwiveki yama-20 yokukhulelwa kunye nenyanga eli-1 phakathi kwedosi.

Isitofu sokugonya IHepatitis B Kukwacetyiswa nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abasemngciphekweni wokosulelwa yintsholongwane ejongene nesi sifo, kwaye kucetyiswa nolawulo lweedosi ezintathu.

Ukuba owasetyhini akakhange agonywe ngexa lokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuba afumane isitofu sokugonya kwakamsinya emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo.

Ezinye izitofu

Ezinye izitofu ezidweliswe kwikhalenda yokugonya zinokuqhutywa kuphela kwiimeko ezizodwa, oko kukuthi, ukuba isifo sixeliwe kusapho okanye kwisixeko apho uhlala khona, umzekelo, ukugonywa kuyacetyiswa ukukhusela umama nosana. Phakathi kwezi zitofu kukho:

• Ugonyo lwe-yellow fever, oluhlala luchasene nokukhulelwa, nangona kunjalo lunokuqhutywa ukuba umngcipheko wosulelo mkhulu kunokuba kunokwenzeka kwiziphumo ezinxulumene nokugonya;
• Ichiza lokulwa ne-meningitis, elinconywayo kuphela xa isifo sinokuvela;
• Isitofu sokugonya se-Pneumococcal, esiboniswa kuphela kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abasengozini;
• Ukugonywa kwe-Hepatitis A kunye no-B, iidosi ngokobudala bomfazi.

Ngenxa yokuba ezi zitofu zinokwenziwa kuphela kwiimeko ezithile, azifumaneki kwiNkqubo yezeMpilo eManyeneyo, kwaye owasetyhini kufuneka afune ikliniki yokugonya yabucala ukuze agonywe.

Izitofu zokugonya ezichaseneyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Ezinye izitofu azikhuthazwa ngexa lokukhulelwa njengoko ezi zitofu zenziwa kunye ne-arhente echaphazelayo echongiweyo, oko kukuthi, kunye namandla abo okusuleleka, ukuze kuphela amajoni omzimba aphendule kwaye avelise izilwa-buhlungu ezichasene nale ntsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomngcipheko wokosulela usana, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ezi zitofu azilawulwa ukunqanda iingxaki.

Izitofu zokugonya ezingqinelanayo zezi:

• Intsholongwane kathathu, ekhusela imasisi, uqwilikana kunye nerubella;
• Isitofu sokugonya se-HPV;
• Ukugonywa ngenkukhu / intsholongwane yenkukhu;
• Gonyo nge-dengue.

Njengokuba ezi zitofu zingenakunikwa ngexa lokukhulelwa, ingcebiso yeyokuba lo mfazi uhlala ezigcina ezi zitofu zihlaziyiwe.

Nangona ezi zitofu zingakhange ziboniswe ngexa lokukhulelwa, zinokuqhutywa emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe nangexesha lokuncancisa, kuba akukho bungozi bokudlulisela emntwaneni ngobisi, ngaphandle kwesitofu sedosi, esiqhubeka siphikiswa. kwinto yokuba isekhona kunye nezifundo eziqhubekayo ezinxulumene neziphumo zayo kwaye ubudlelwane bayo nokukhulelwa ziyafuneka.