Isifo seGuillain-Barré

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela isifo seGuillain-Barré?
• Zithini iimpawu zesifo sikaGuillain-Barré?
• Ichongwa njani i-Guillain-Barré syndrome?
• Impompo yomqolo
• Umbane wombane
• Uvavanyo lokuqhutywa kwemithambo
• Unyangwa njani uGuillain-Barré syndrome?
• Iplasmapheresis (ukutshintshiselana ngeplasma)
• I-immunoglobulin efakwa ngaphakathi
• Olunye unyango
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho kwisifo sikaGuillain-Barré?
• Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Yintoni i-Guillain-Barré syndrome?

Isifo seGuillain-Barré sisifo esinqabileyo kodwa esibi kakhulu apho amajoni omzimba ahlasela iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezisempilweni kwinkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo (PNS).

Oku kukhokelela kubuthathaka, ukuba ndindisholo, kunye nokutswina, kwaye ekugqibeleni kunokubangela ukukhubazeka.

Isizathu sale meko asaziwa, kodwa siqhele ukubangelwa sisifo esosulelayo, esifana nesisu (ukucaphuka kwesisu okanye amathumbu) okanye usulelo lwemiphunga.

UGuillain-Barré unqabile, uchaphazela kuphela umntu om-1 kwabali-100 000 baseMelika, ngokweNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.

Akukho nonyango yesifo, kodwa unyango lunokunciphisa ubunzima beempawu zakho kwaye lunciphise ixesha lokugula.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeGuillain-Barré, kodwa eyona fom ixhaphakileyo kukudumba okunesifo sokudambisa isifo se-polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Kubangela ukonakala kwe-myelin.

Ezinye iintlobo zibandakanya iMiller Fisher's syndrome, echaphazela imithambo-luvo ye-cranial.

Yintoni ebangela isifo seGuillain-Barré?

Isizathu esona ngqo sikaGuillain-Barre asaziwa. Ngokuka, malunga nesibini kwisithathu sabantu abane Guillain-Barré bayiphuhlisa kwakamsinya emva kokuba begula sisifo sorhudo okanye usulelo lokuphefumla.

Oku kuphakamisa ukuba impendulo engalunganga yomzimba kwisifo esidlulileyo ibangela ukuphazamiseka.

I-Campylobacter jejuni Usulelo luye lwadibaniswa noGuillain-Barré. Ubunjani benkampu sesinye sezona zinto zixhaphakileyo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane zorhudo eUnited States. Ikwangoyena mngcipheko uxhaphakileyo kuGuillain-Barré.

Ubunjani benkampu ihlala ifumaneka kukutya okungaphekwanga kakuhle, ngakumbi iinkukhu.

Ezi zifo zilandelayo ziye zadibaniswa noGuillain-Barré:

• umkhuhlane
• i-cytomegalovirus (CMV), eluhlobo lwentsholongwane ye-herpes
• Usulelo lwe-Epstein-Barr (EBV), okanye i-mononucleosis
• mycoplasma pneumonia, eyinyumoniya ebangelwa ziintsholongwane ezinjengeentsholongwane
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo

Nabani na onokufumana uGuillain-Barre, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, abantu banokuphuhlisa ukungahambi kakuhle kwiintsuku okanye iiveki emva kokufumana.

I-CDC kunye noLawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) zineenkqubo ezikhoyo zokubeka ukhuseleko kwizitofu zokugonya, ukufumanisa iimpawu zokuqala zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kunye nokurekhoda naziphi na iimeko zeGuillain-Barré eziphuhlisa ukulandela ugonyo.

I-CDC yokuba uphando lubonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane uGuillain-Barré kumkhuhlane, kunokuba ugonyo.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo sikaGuillain-Barré?

Kwi-Guillain-Barre syndrome, amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo.

Imithambo-luvo kwinkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo iqhagamshela ingqondo yakho kuwo wonke umzimba wakho kwaye idlulisele imiqondiso kwimisipha yakho.

Izihlunu aziyi kukwazi ukuphendula imiqondiso eziyifumana kwingqondo yakho ukuba ezi mithambo-luvo zonakalisiwe.

Uphawu lokuqala luhlala luluvalo kwiinzwane zakho, iinyawo, nasemilenzeni. Ukutswina kusasazeka phezulu kwiingalo nakweminwe yakho.

Iimpawu zinokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza. Kwabanye abantu, esi sifo sinokuba sibi kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa.

Iimpawu zikaGuillain-Barré zibandakanya:

• ukurhawuzelela okanye ukurhawuzelela imvakalelo eminweni nasezinzwaneni
• ubuthathaka bemisipha kwimilenze yakho esiya kumzimba wakho ongasentla kwaye iba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha
• ubunzima bokuhamba ngokuthe chu
• ubunzima bokuhambisa amehlo okanye ubuso, ukuthetha, ukuhlafuna okanye ukugwinya
• iintlungu ezisezantsi ezisezantsi
• ukulahleka kolawulo lwesinyi
• ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo
• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• ukukhubazeka

Ichongwa njani i-Guillain-Barré syndrome?

UGuillain-Barré kunzima ukufumanisa isifo ekuqaleni. Kungenxa yokuba iimpawu ziyafana kakhulu nezinye iingxaki zemithambo-luvo okanye iimeko ezichaphazela inkqubo ye-nervous, enjenge-botulism, meningitis, okanye ityhefu enzima yentsimbi.

Ityhefu enzima yesinyithi inokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nelothe, imekyuri kunye nearsenic.

Ugqirha wakho uya kubuza imibuzo malunga neempawu ezithile kunye nembali yakho yonyango. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho malunga naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga kwaye ukuba ukhe waba naziphi na izigulo okanye usulelo lwakutsha nje okanye oludlulileyo.

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zisetyenziselwa ukunceda ukuqinisekisa isifo:

Impompo yomqolo

Impompo yomqolo (i-lumbar puncture) ibandakanya ukuthatha inani elincinci lolwelo kumqolo wakho kumqolo ongezantsi. Olu lwelo lubizwa ngokuba yi-cerebrospinal fluid. I-fluid yakho ye-cerebrospinal iyavavanywa ukuze kufunyaniswe amanqanaba eproteni.

Abantu abaneGuillain-Barré bahlala benamanqanaba aphezulu kunalawo aqhelekileyo kwiprotheyini yecerebrospinal.

Umbane wombane

I-electromyography luvavanyo lomsebenzi we-nerve. Ifunda umsebenzi wombane kwiimisipha ukunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afunde ukuba ubuthathaka bakho bemisipha bubangelwa ngumonakalo wemithambo okanye ukonakala kwemisipha.

Uvavanyo lokuqhutywa kwemithambo

Izifundo zokuqhutywa kwemithambo zinokusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya indlela ezisebenza ngayo iimithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu kwimibhobho emincinci yombane.

Unyangwa njani uGuillain-Barré syndrome?

UGuillain-Barré yinkqubo yokuvuvukala okuzenzekelayo okuzenzela umda, oko kuthetha ukuba iya kuzisombulula ngokwayo. Nangona kunjalo, nabani na onale meko kufuneka angeniswe esibhedlele ukuze ajongwe. Iimpawu zingakhawuleza ukuba mandundu kwaye zinokubulala xa zinganyangwa.

Kwiimeko ezinzima, abantu abaneGuillain-Barré banokuphucula umzimba. UGuillain-Barré unokusongela ubomi ukuba ukukhubazeka kuchaphazela uvalo okanye izihlunu zesifuba, kuthintela ukuphefumla okufanelekileyo.

Injongo yonyango kukunciphisa ubunzima bokuhlaselwa komzimba kunye nokuxhasa imisebenzi yakho yomzimba, njengomsebenzi wamaphaphu, ngelixa inkqubo yakho ye-nervous iphola.

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

Iplasmapheresis (ukutshintshiselana ngeplasma)

Amajoni omzimba avelisa iiprotein ezibizwa ngokuba ngamachiza omzimba ahlasela ngesiqhelo izinto eziyingozi zangaphandle, ezinje ngeentsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane. UGuillain-Barré wenzeka xa amajoni akho omzimba ngempazamo enza izilwa-buhlungu ezihlasela imithambo-luvo esempilweni.

I-Plasmapheresis yenzelwe ukuba isuse izilwa-buhlungu ezihlasela imithambo-luvo egazini lakho.

Ngexesha lale nkqubo, igazi liyasuswa emzimbeni wakho ngomatshini. Lo matshini ususa izilwa-buhlungu egazini lakho emva koko ubuyisele igazi emzimbeni wakho.

I-immunoglobulin efakwa ngaphakathi

Iidosi eziphezulu ze-immunoglobulin nazo zinokunceda ukuthintela ii-antibodies ezibangela uGuillain-Barré. I-Immunoglobulin iqulethe ii-antibodies eziqhelekileyo, ezisempilweni ezivela kubaxhasi.

I-Plasmapheresis kunye ne-immunoglobulin efakwe ngaphakathi isebenza ngokulinganayo. Kukuwe kwaye ugqirha wakho uthathe isigqibo sokuba loluphi unyango olulungileyo.

Olunye unyango

Unokunikwa amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu kunye nokuthintela amahlwili egazi ngelixa ungazukuhamba.

Uya kufumana unyango ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nasemsebenzini. Ngexesha lesigaba esibuhlungu sesigulo, abakhathaleli baya kushukumisa iingalo zakho kunye nemilenze ukugcina kuguquguquka.

Nje ukuba uqale ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, abanyangi baya kusebenza nawe ekomelezeni izihlunu kunye noluhlu lwemisebenzi yokuphila kwansuku zonke (ADLs). Oku kunokubandakanya imisebenzi yokhathalelo lomntu, njengokunxiba.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho kwisifo sikaGuillain-Barré?

UGuillain-Barre uchaphazela imithambo-luvo yakho. Ubuthathaka kunye nokukhubazeka okwenzekayo kunokuchaphazela amalungu amaninzi omzimba wakho.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya ukuphefumla nzima xa ukukhubazeka okanye ubuthathaka busasazeka kwiimisipha ezilawula ukuphefumla. Ungadinga umatshini obizwa ngokuba sisixhobo sokuphefumla ukukunceda uphefumle ukuba oku kuyenzeka.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• ubuthathaka obuqhubekayo, ukuba ndindisholo, okanye olunye uvakalelo nasemva kokuchacha
• iingxaki zentliziyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi
• intlungu
• umsebenzi ocothayo wesisu okanye wesinyi
• amahlwili egazi kunye neebhedi ngenxa yokukhubazeka

Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Ixesha lokubuyisela eGuillain-Barré linokuba lide, kodwa uninzi lwabantu luyachacha.

Ngokubanzi, iimpawu ziya kusiba mandundu iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine ngaphambi kokuba zizinze. Ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kungathatha naphi na ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka embalwa, kodwa uninzi lubuyela kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12.

Malunga neepesenti ezingama-80 zabantu abachaphazeleke nguGuillain-Barré banokuhamba ngokuzimeleyo kwiinyanga ezintandathu, kwaye iipesenti ezingama-60 baphinde bafumane amandla omzimba rhoqo ngonyaka.

Abanye bachacha ixesha elide. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-30 zisenamava obuthathaka emva kweminyaka emithathu.

Malunga neepesenti ezi-3 zabantu abachaphazeleke nguGuillain-Barré baya kufumana ukubuyela umva kweempawu zabo, njengobuthathaka kunye nokutswina, kwanangeminyaka emva kwesiganeko sokuqala.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, imeko inokusongela ubomi, ngakumbi ukuba awufumani unyango. Izinto ezinokukhokelela kwisiphumo esibi zibandakanya:

• ukwaluphala
• isigulo esiqatha okanye esikhula ngokukhawuleza
• Ukulibaziseka kunyango, okunokubangela ukonakala okungakumbi kwentliziyo
• ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide komatshini wokuphefumla, onokubangela inyumoniya

Amahlwili egazi kunye neebhedi ezibangelwa kukungakwazi ukuhamba zinokuncitshiswa. Ukucocwa kwegazi kunye nokucinezelwa kwesokisi kunganciphisa ukubola.

Ukuwubeka rhoqo umzimba wakho kunciphisa uxinzelelo lomzimba olude olukhokelela ekonakaleni kwezicubu, okanye izilonda zokulala.

Ukongeza kwiimpawu zakho zomzimba, unokufumana ubunzima beemvakalelo. Kunokuba ngumceli mngeni ukulungelelanisa ukushukumiseka okuncinci kunye nokunyuka kokuxhomekeka kwabanye. Unokukufumanisa kuluncedo ukuthetha nonyango.