Isitofu sokugonya i-H1N1: ngubani onokuyithatha kunye neempendulo ezingathandekiyo eziphambili

Umxholo

• Ngubani ongathatha
• Ngubani ongathathi
• Iziphumo eziphambili ezingalunganga
• Ukwazi njani ukuba isitofu sokugonya sikhuselekile

Isitofu sokugonya i-H1N1 siqulathe amaqhekeza omkhuhlane A virus, eyahlukileyo yintsholongwane yomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, evuselela inyathelo lamajoni omzimba ukuba avelise ii-anti-H1N1 antibodies, ezihlasela zibulale intsholongwane, zikhusela umntu kwisifo.

Eli yeza lokugonya linokuthathwa nangubani na, kodwa amanye amaqela abeka phambili, njengabantu abadala, abantwana okanye abantu abanezifo ezinganyangekiyo, njengoko besemngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki ezinzulu ezisongela ubomi. Emva kokuthatha isitofu sokugonya, kuqhelekile ukuba ube neziphumo ezibi ezinjengentlungu, ukuba bomvu okanye ukudumba kwindawo yenaliti, ephucukileyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.

Iyeza lokuthintela i-H1N1 lenziwa lifumaneke simahla kwi-SUS kumaqela asemngciphekweni, elawulwa kumaziko ezempilo kwiphulo lokugonya lonyaka. Kubantu abangahlali kumaqela anomngcipheko, isitofu sokugonya sinokufumaneka kwiiklinikhi zabucala ezijolise kugonyo.

Ngubani ongathatha

Isitofu sokugonya se-H1N1 singathathwa nangubani na, ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintandathu ubudala, ukuthintela usulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane i-A virus, eyi-H1N1.

Nangona kunjalo, amanye amaqela abeka phambili ukufumana isitofu sokugonya:

• Iingcali zezempilo;
• Abafazi abakhulelweyo nangaliphi na ixesha lokukhulelwa;
• Abasetyhini ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-45 emva kokubeleka;
• Abadala ukusuka kwiminyaka eyi-60;
• Ootitshala;
• Abantu abanezifo ezinganyangekiyo njengezintso okanye ukusilela kwesibindi;
• Abantu abanezifo zemiphunga, ezinje nge-asthma, bronchitis okanye i-emphysema;
• Abantu abanesifo sentliziyo;
• Abafikisayo kunye nabantu abancinci ukusuka kwi-12 ukuya kwi-21 yeminyaka ubudala phantsi kwamanyathelo ezentlalo kunye nemfundo;
• Amabanjwa kunye neengcali kwinkqubo yeentolongo;
• Abantwana ukusukela kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwiminyaka emithandathu ubudala;
• Abemi bomthonyama.

Ukhuselo olunikezwa ngugonyo lwe-H1N1 luhlala luvela kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kogonyo kwaye lunokuhlala ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12, ke kufuneka lilawulwe minyaka le.

Ngubani ongathathi

Isitofu sokugonya i-H1N1 akufuneki sisetyenziswe kubantu abalahlekileyo kumaqanda, kuba isitofu sokugonya siqukethe iiproteni zamaqanda ekuzilungiseleleni kwazo, ezinokuthi zikhokelele kukungaziphathi kakuhle okanye umothuko we-anaphylactic. Ke ngoko, izitofu zokugonya zihlala zisetyenziswa kumaziko ezempilo, ezibhedlele okanye kwiiklinikhi ezinezixhobo zononophelo olukhawulezileyo kwimeko yokungavumi.

Ukongeza, eli chiza akufuneki lithathwe ngabantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu ubudala, ngabantu abanomkhuhlane, usulelo olomeleleyo, ukopha okanye iingxaki zokunqanda igazi, isifo seGuillain-Barré okanye kwimeko apho amajoni omzimba ebuthathaka njengakwizigulana zentsholongwane kagawulayo okanye ufumana unyango lomhlaza.

Iziphumo eziphambili ezingalunganga

Ezona mpembelelo ziphambili kubantu abadala ezinokwenzeka emva kokuthatha isitofu sokugonya i-H1N1 zezi:

• Ubuhlungu, ubomvu okanye ukudumba kwindawo yenaliti;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Ifiva;
• Isicaphucaphu;
• Khohlela;
• Ukucaphuka kwamehlo;
• Intlungu yezihlunu.

Ngokubanzi, ezi mpawu ziyadlula kwaye ziyaphucuka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, nangona kunjalo, ukuba aziphucukanga, kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nogqirha okanye ufune igumbi likaxakeka.

Kubantwana, ezona mpendulo zixhaphakileyo, ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha wabantwana obeka esweni umntwana rhoqo, ziintlungu kwindawo yenaliti, ukuba nochuku, irhinitis, umkhuhlane, ukukhohlela, ukuphelelwa ngumdla, ukugabha, urhudo, iintlungu zemisipha okanye umqala obuhlungu .

Ukwazi njani ukuba isitofu sokugonya sikhuselekile

Zonke izitofu ezilawulwa kuthungelwano labucala okanye kwizibhedlele nakwiziko lezempilo yi-SUS zamkelwe yi-Anvisa, enegunya lokulawula izitofu kwaye, ke ngoko, inokuthenjwa kwaye ikhusela umntu kwizifo ezahlukeneyo.

Isitofu sokugonya se-H1N1 sikhuselekile, kodwa siyasebenza kuphela ukuba amajoni omzimba womntu avelisa ngokwaneleyo ii-anti-H1N1 antibodies zokuthintela ukosuleleka yintsholongwane, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufumana isitofu sokugonya ngonyaka, ngakumbi ngabantu abasemngciphekweni. Ukunqanda iingxaki loo nto inokubulala.