Yintoni iiBeinz Bodies?

Umxholo

• Yintoni imizimba yeheinz?
• Malunga nehemoglobin
• Malunga nemizimba yeHeinz
• Ukudibana kwegazi
• Yintoni ebangela imizimba yeheinz?
• Ngaba zikhona iimpawu ezinxulunyaniswa nemizimba yeHeinz?
• Thalassemia
• I-anemia yeHemolytic
• Ukusilela kwe-G6PD
• Uphathwa njani umzimba kaHeinz?
• Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwemizimba ye-Heinz kunye nemizimba ka-Howell-Jolly?
• Iindlela zokuthatha eziphambili

Imizimba ye-Heinz, eyaqala ukufunyanwa nguGqirha Robert Heinz ngo-1890 yaza yaziwa njengemizimba ye-Heinz-Erlich, ziingqumba ze-hemoglobin eyonakeleyo ebekwe kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Xa ihemoglobin yonakala, inokubangela ukuba iiseli zakho ezibomvu ziyeke ukusebenza kakuhle.

Imizimba ye-Heinz inxulunyaniswa nezinto zombini zemvelo kunye nokusingqongileyo kwaye inxulunyaniswa neemeko ezithile zegazi, njenge-hemolytic anemia.

Kweli nqaku, siza kuvavanya oonobangela, iimpawu, kunye nokhetho kunyango lweemeko ezinxulumene nemizimba yeHeinz.

Yintoni imizimba yeheinz?

Malunga nehemoglobin

Zonke iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-erythrocytes, zineprotein ebizwa ngokuba yihemoglobin. IHemoglobin inoxanduva lokuthwala ioksijini ngaphakathi kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezijikeleze umzimba.

Xa ihemoglobin ichanabeka kwizinto ezinetyhefu, isenokuthi “icuthe,” okanye yonakale. Iiprotein ze-Denatured ezinesakhiwo esonakalisiweyo asikwazi ukusebenza njengeeproteni eziqhelekileyo kwaye zinokudlala indima kuphuhliso lwezifo ezithile.

Malunga nemizimba yeHeinz

I-hemoglobin ebunjiweyo ngaphakathi kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ibizwa ngokuba yimizimba ye-Heinz. Xa zijongwa phantsi kwemicroscope ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwegazi, ziyabonakala njengeziziqhulo ezingaqhelekanga ezivela kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Ukudibana kwegazi

Ngelixa imizimba ye-Heinz ifundwe kokubini ebantwini nasezilwanyaneni, ebantwini banxulunyaniswa neqaqobana leengxaki zeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, kubandakanya:

• thalassemia
• i-hemolytic anemia
• Iswekile yeglucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)

I-hemolytic anemia yeyona meko ixhaphakileyo ebangelwa yimizimba ye-Heinz, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu onemizimba ye-Heinz eya kuyiphuhlisa. Ezinye iimeko ezichazwe apha ngasentla zinokubangela ukuba imizimba ye-Heinz ibonakale kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwelebhu, nokuba ngaphandle kwe-hemolytic anemia.

Yintoni ebangela imizimba yeheinz?

Imizimba ye-Heinz inxulunyaniswa nezinto zemfuza nezokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, imizimba kaHeinz kwiintsana inokubonisa ukuphazamiseka kwento yokubeletha kweeseli ezibomvu. Imizimba ye-Heinz nayo inokubangelwa kukuvezwa kwezinto ezithile eziyityhefu.

Kwasekuqaleni kuka-1984, isigulana saba namava e-Heinz-body hemolytic anemia emva kokufaka ioyile esekwe kwipetroleum ene-cresol.

Ezinye izinto ezinokuba yityhefu ezinokubangela ukwakheka komzimba kukaHeinz emva kokuvezwa okanye ukungenisa kubandakanya:

• Amagqabi emephu (ikakhulu kwizilwanyana)
• amatswele asendle (ikakhulu kwizilwanyana)
• amachiza athile, kubandakanya i-vitamin K eyenziweyo, i-phenothiazines, imethylene eluhlaza, kunye nokunye
• iidayi ezithile ezisetyenziselwa amanabukeni
• Iikhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iibholiti zeenundu

Ngaba zikhona iimpawu ezinxulunyaniswa nemizimba yeHeinz?

Ngelixa kungekho zibonakaliso ezithile zemizimba ye-Heinz, kukho iimpawu ezinxulunyaniswa nezizathu ezibangela oko kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukubonakaliswa okungaphantsi.

Thalassemia

Iimpawu ze-thalassemia zingabandakanya:

• ukukhula okucothayo
• imiba yophuhliso
• ukukhubazeka kwamathambo
• ukudinwa
• inyongo
• umchamo omnyama

I-anemia yeHemolytic

Iimpawu ze-hemolytic anemia zingabandakanya:

• ulusu olukhangeleka ngaphezu kwesiqhelo
• ubuthathaka
• intloko elula
• ukubetha kwentliziyo
• i-spleen eyandisiweyo okanye isibindi

Ukusilela kwe-G6PD

Iimpawu zokusilela kwe-G6PD kunokubandakanya:

• ulusu olukhangeleka ngaphezu kwesiqhelo
• isiyezi
• ukudinwa
• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• ukwanda kwentliziyo
• inyongo

Nangona ukubonakaliswa kwezityalo zasendle ezinetyhefu kungunobangela wemizimba ye-Heinz ikakhulu kwizilwanyana, amayeza athile anokubangela ukuveliswa kwemizimba ye-Heinz ebantwini.

Amayeza anokubangela ukuba imizimba ye-Heinz isetyenziselwe ukunyanga iimeko ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngengqondo kunye ne-methemoglobinemia. Kungangabikho mpawu zangaphandle zobukho bemizimba ye-Heinz kwezi meko. Endaweni yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba banokufumaneka ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo.

Uphathwa njani umzimba kaHeinz?

Ukhetho kunyango lwe-hemolytic anemia, thalassemia, kunye nokusilela kwe-G6PD ziyafana. Kuxhomekeka kubukhali bemeko, zinokubandakanya:

• amayeza
• izongezo
• Unyango lwe-IV
• Unyango lweoksijini
• utofelo-gazi
• ukususwa kwepeni, kwiimeko ezinzima

Kwimizimba ye-Heinz ebangelwe kukuvezwa amayeza athile, ugqirha wakho unokukhetha ukusebenzisa amanye amayeza kwiimeko zakho.

Kwiimeko ezithile, ezinye iindlela zonyango ezinokungafumaneki. Kule meko, unokuxoxa ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuthintela ukukhula kwe-hemolytic anemia.

Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwemizimba ye-Heinz kunye nemizimba ka-Howell-Jolly?

Nangona yomibini imizimba inokufumaneka kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi, imizimba kaHeinz ayifani nemizimba kaHowell-Jolly.

Xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zigqityiwe ukukhula kumongo wethambo, zinokungena ekujikelezeni ukuze ziqale ukubonelela ngeoksijini emzimbeni. Njengoko bengena ekujikelezeni, balahla i-nucleus yabo.

Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, i-nucleus ayinakulahlwa ngokupheleleyo. Okwangoku, udakada ungena kwaye ususe intsalela eseleyo.

Imizimba kaHowell-Jolly ligama lala masalela e-DNA ngaphakathi kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ubukho bemizimba kaHowell-Jolly buhlala bubonisa ukuba udakada aluwenzi umsebenzi walo okanye alukho.

Ngamanye amaxesha, imizimba yakwaHowell-Jolly inokudibaniswa ne-megaloblastic anemia.

Iindlela zokuthatha eziphambili

Ubukho bemizimba ye-Heinz kuvavanyo lwe-smear yegazi lubonisa umonakalo we-oxidative kwi-hemoglobin kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Imiqathango enxulumene nemizimba ye-Heinz ibandakanya iimeko ezithile zegazi, ezinje nge thalassemia okanye i-hemolytic anemia. Imizimba ye-Heinz inokunxulunyaniswa nokungenisa okanye ukuvezwa kwezinto ezinetyhefu.

Unyango lwemizimba ye-Heinz ibandakanya ukuxilonga nokunyanga unobangela.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho uqaphele imizimba ye-Heinz kuvavanyo lwakho lwegazi, unokusebenza nabo ukufumana isifo esisemthethweni kunye nonyango kuyo nayiphi na imeko.