Isifo sokudumba kwegazi

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Iimbangela ze-hemorrhagic cystitis
• Unyango ngamayeza
• Unyango ngemitha
• Usulelo
• Imiba yomngcipheko
• Iimpawu ze-cystitis eyophayo
• Uxilongo lwe-cystitis eyophayo
• Ukunyanga i-cystitis eyophayo
• Imbonakalo yecystitis eyophayo
• Ukuthintela i-cystitis eyophayo

Ushwankathelo

I-hemorrhagic cystitis ngumonakalo kumngxunya wangaphakathi wesinyi sakho kunye nemithambo yegazi ebonelela ngaphakathi kwisinyi sakho.

Ukopha kuthetha ukopha. I-cystitis ithetha ukuvuvukala kwesinyi sakho. Ukuba une-hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), uneempawu kunye neempawu zesifo sokudumba kwesinyi kunye negazi kumchamo wakho.

Zine iindidi, okanye amabakala, e-HC, kuxhomekeke kwinani legazi kumchamo wakho:

• Ibakala I ukuphuma kwegazi (akubonakali)
• Ibanga lesibini liyopha
• Ibanga lesithathu liyopha ngamachaphaza amancinci
• Inqanaba IV liyopha ngamahlwili amakhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuvimba ukuhamba komchamo kwaye lifuna ukususwa

Iimbangela ze-hemorrhagic cystitis

Oonobangela abaqhelekileyo be-HC ebukhali nehlala ixesha elide yichemotherapy kunye nonyango lwemitha. Usulelo lunokubangela i-HC, kodwa ezi zizathu azikho qatha, azihlali ixesha elide, kwaye kulula ukuzinyanga.

Isizathu esingaqhelekanga se-HC sisebenza kwishishini apho uvezwe kwityhefu evela kwiidayi ze-aniline okanye izinambuzane.

Unyango ngamayeza

Unobangela oqhelekileyo we-HC yichemotherapy, enokuthi ibandakanye iziyobisi i-cyclophosphamide okanye ifosfamide. La machiza ayangena kwi-acrolein enetyhefu.

I-Acrolein iya esinyini kwaye ibangele umonakalo okhokelela kwi-HC. Ingathatha emva kwe-chemotherapy ukuba iimpawu zikhule.

Ukunyanga umhlaza wesinyi nge-bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) nako kunokubangela i-HC. I-BCG sisiyobisi esibekwe kwisinyi.

Amanye amachiza omhlaza, kubandakanya i-busulfan kunye ne-thiotepa, azingunobangela oqhelekileyo we-HC.

Unyango ngemitha

Ukunyanga ngemitha kwindawo ye-pelvic kunokubangela i-HC kuba yonakalisa imithambo yegazi ebonelela ngesambatho sesinyi. Oku kukhokelela kwizilonda, ekunqandeni, nasekuphumeni kwegazi. I-HC inokwenzeka iinyanga okanye iminyaka emva konyango lwemitha.

Usulelo

Izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangela i-HC ziintsholongwane ezibandakanya i-adenoviruses, i-polyomavirus, kunye nohlobo lwe-2 herpes simplex. Iibhaktheriya, iifungi kunye ne-parasites zizinto eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo.

Uninzi lwabantu abane-HC olubangelwa lusulelo banamajoni omzimba abuthathaka kumhlaza okanye kunyango lomhlaza.

Imiba yomngcipheko

Abantu abafuna i-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-pelvic radiation basengozini ephezulu ye-HC. Unyango lwe-pelvic lunyanga iprotrate, umlomo wesibeleko kunye nomhlaza wesinyi.ICyclophosphamide kunye ne-ifosfamide inyanga uluhlu olubanzi lomhlaza olubandakanya i-lymphoma, ibele kunye nomhlaza wamatyhalarha.

Umngcipheko ophezulu we-HC ungabantu abafuna umongo wethambo okanye ukufakelwa kweseli ye-stem. Aba bantu banokufuna indibaniselwano yechemotherapy kunye nonyango lwemitha. Olu nyango lunokuhlisa ukuxhathisa kwakho kusulelo. Zonke ezi zinto zonyusa umngcipheko we-HC.

Iimpawu ze-cystitis eyophayo

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-HC ligazi kumchamo wakho. Kwinqanaba I le-HC, ukopha kuyimicroscopic, ke ngekhe uyibone. Kumanqanaba okugqibela, unokubona umchamo onegazi, umchamo onegazi, okanye amahlwili egazi. Kwinqanaba IV, amahlwili egazi anokugcwalisa isinyi sakho kwaye ayeke ukuhamba komchamo.

Iimpawu ze-HC ziyafana nezo usulelo lwe-urinary tract (UTI), kodwa kunokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye kuhlala ixesha elide. Ziquka:

• ukufumana iintlungu xa ugqitha umchamo
• kufuneka upase umchamo rhoqo
• ukuziva isidingo esingxamisekileyo sokupasa umchamo
• Ukuphulukana nolawulo lwesinyi

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba unazo naziphi na iimpawu zeHC. Ii-UTIs kunqabile ukuba zibangele umchamo wegazi.

Kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nogqirha wakho kwangoko ukuba unegazi okanye amahlwili kumchamo wakho. Funa uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo ukuba awukwazi ukudlulisa umchamo.

Uxilongo lwe-cystitis eyophayo

Ugqirha wakho unokurhanela i-HC kwiimpawu kunye neempawu zakho kwaye ukuba unembali ye-chemotherapy okanye unyango ngemitha. Ukufumanisa i-HC kunye nokulawula ezinye izizathu, ezinje ngethumba lesinyi okanye amatye esinyi, ugqirha wakho unokuthi:

• odola uvavanyo lwegazi ukukhangela usulelo, i-anemia, okanye isifo sokopha
• odola uvavanyo lomchamo ukukhangela igazi elincinci, iiseli zomhlaza, okanye usulelo
• yenza izifundo zokucinga ngesinyi sakho usebenzisa i-CT, iMRI, okanye imaging ye-ultrasound
• jonga kwisinyi sakho ngesibonakude esincinci (cystoscopy)

Ukunyanga i-cystitis eyophayo

Unyango lwe-HC luxhomekeke kwisizathu nakwinqanaba. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango, kwaye ezinye zisalinga.

I-Antibiotic, antifungal, okanye amayeza antiviral angasetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-HC ebangelwe lusulelo.

Ukhetho kunyango lwe-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation olunxulumene ne-HC lubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Kwinqanaba lokuqala le-HC, unyango lunokuqala ngamanzi afakwa ngaphakathi ukuze kunyuse ukuphuma komchamo kunye nokukhupha isinyi. Amayeza anokubandakanya amayeza eentlungu kunye namayeza okuphucula izihlunu zesinyi.
• Ukuba ukopha kakhulu okanye amahlwili athintela isinyi, unyango lubandakanya ukubeka ityhubhu, ebizwa ngokuba yicatheter, kwisinyi ukuze ukhuphe amachaphaza kunye nokunkcenkceshela isinyi. Ukuba ukopha kuyaqhubeka, ugqirha wotyando unokusebenzisa i-cystoscopy ukufumana iindawo zokopha kwaye ayeke ukopha ngombane wombane okanye i-laser (ukuzaliseka). Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokugcwaliswa zinokubandakanya ukunqunyulwa okanye ukugqobhoza kwesinyi.
• Unokufumana ukufakelwa igazi ukuba ukuphuma kwegazi kuyaqhubeka kwaye ukulahleka kwegazi kunzima.
• Unyango lunokubandakanya ukubeka amayeza kwisinyi, ebizwa ngokuba lonyango lwe-intravesical. Isodium hyaluronidase sisiyobisi sonyango esine-intravesical esinokunciphisa ukopha kunye nentlungu.
• Olunye unyango lwe-intravesical yi-aminocaproic acid. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zalo mayeza kukwenziwa kwamahlwili egazi anokuhamba emzimbeni.
• I-intravesical astringents ngamayeza afakwa kwisinyi ebangela ukucaphuka kunye nokudumba okungqonge imithambo yegazi iyeke ukopha. La mayeza aquka i-nitrate yesilivere, i-alum, i-phenol kunye ne-formalin. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho kokuqunjelwa kunokubandakanya ukudumba kwesinyi kunye nokuhla kokuhamba komchamo.
• I-Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) lunyango olubandakanya ukuphefumla iipesenti ezingama-100 zeoksijini ngelixa ungaphakathi kwigumbi leoksijini. Olu nyango lonyusa ioksijini, enokunceda ukuphilisa kunye nokuyeka ukopha. Unokufuna yonke imihla unyango lwe-HBO ukuya kuthi ga kwiiseshoni ezingama-40.

Ukuba olunye unyango alusebenzi, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-embolization yenye indlela. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokudibanisa, ugqirha ubeka i-catheter kwisitya segazi esikhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi kwisinyi. I <em> catheter inento ethintela umthambo wegazi. Unokufumana iintlungu emva kwale nkqubo.

Indawo yokugqibela ye-HC ekumgangatho ophezulu kukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isinyi, esibizwa ngokuba yi-cystectomy. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-cystectomy zibandakanya iintlungu, ukopha, kunye nosulelo.

Imbonakalo yecystitis eyophayo

Imbonakalo yakho ixhomekeke kwinqanaba kunye nonobangela. I-HC kusulelo inembonakalo elungileyo. Abantu abaninzi abane-HC esosulelayo baphendula kunyango kwaye abanangxaki zexesha elide.

I-HC kunyango lomhlaza inokuba nembono eyahlukileyo. Iimpawu zingaqala iiveki, iinyanga, okanye iminyaka emva konyango kwaye zinokuhlala ixesha elide.

Zininzi iindlela zokhetho kwi-HC ezibangelwa yimitha okanye yichemotherapy. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-HC iya kuphendula kunyango, kwaye iimpawu zakho ziya kuphucula emva konyango lomhlaza.

Ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzi, i-cystectomy inokuyinyanga i-HC. Emva kwe-cystectomy, kukho ukhetho lokwenza utyando lokwakha kwakhona ukubuyisa ukuhamba komchamo. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ukufuna i-cystectomy ye-HC kunqabile.

Ukuthintela i-cystitis eyophayo

Akukho ndlela yokuthintela ngokupheleleyo i-HC. Inokukunceda ukusela amanzi amaninzi ngelixa ufumana unyango lwe-radiation okanye i-chemotherapy ukugcina uchama rhoqo. Inokukunceda ukusela iglasi enye enkulu yejranberry ngexesha lonyango.

Iqela lakho lonyango lomhlaza linokuzama ukuthintela i-HC ngeendlela ezininzi. Ukuba unonyango lwe-pelvic radiation, ukunciphisa umda kunye nenani lemitha kunokunceda ukukhusela i-HC.

Enye indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko kukubeka iyeza kwisinyi eliqinisa isambatho sesinyi ngaphambi konyango. Amayeza amabini, i-sodium hyaluronate kunye ne-chondroitin sulfate, abe neziphumo ezihle.

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-HC obangelwa yi-chemotherapy kunokuthenjwa ngakumbi. Isicwangciso sakho sonyango sinokubandakanya la manyathelo othintelo:

• i-hyperhydration ngexesha lonyango ukugcina isinyi sakho sigcwele kwaye sihamba; ukongeza umchamo kunokunceda
• Ukunkcenkceshela kwesinyi rhoqo ngexesha lonyango
• ukulawulwa kwamayeza ngaphambi nasemva konyango njengeyeza lomlomo okanye le-IV; eli chiza libopha kwi-acrolein kwaye livumela i-acrolein ukuba ihambe ngesinyi ngaphandle komonakalo
• ukuyeka ukutshaya ngexesha le-chemotherapy kunye ne-cyclophosphamide okanye ifosfamide