Hepatitis Acute: yintoni na, iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Xa inokuba nzulu
• Xa inokugqitywa
• Zintoni izizathu
• Uqinisekisa njani

I-hepatitis ebukhali ichazwa njengokudumba kwesibindi esithi kwiimeko ezininzi siqale ngequbuliso, sithathe iiveki ezimbalwa. Zininzi izinto ezibangela isifo sokudumba kwesibindi, kubandakanya usulelo lwentsholongwane, ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza, ukunxila okanye ukuphazamiseka komzimba.

Ngaphandle kwezizathu ezahlukeneyo, iimpawu ezibonakaliswa sisifo sokuqina kwesibindi ngokufuthi zihlala zifana, kubandakanya ukuqaqamba, intloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa, ukungakuthandi ukutya, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ulusu olumthubi namehlo. Ngokubanzi, oku kudumba kuqhubeka ngendlela enobungozi, kunika unyango emva kweeveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa, nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimeko zinokuba nzima, kwaye zinokudlulela ekufeni.

Ke ngoko, kuhlala kufanelekile ukuba, phambi kweempawu ezibonisa i-hepatitis, umntu kufuneka enze uvavanyo lonyango, kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kunye nokucela iimvavanyo, ezinje ngomlinganiso wee-enzymes zesibindi (i-ALT kunye ne-AST) kunye ne-ultrasound yesisu. Unyango lubandakanya ukuphumla, ukuhambisa amanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza kwiimeko ezithile, ngokwesizathu.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Nangona zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu, iimpawu eziphambili ze-hepatitis zezi:

• Ukudinwa okanye ukudinwa;
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya;
• Ifiva;
• Iintlungu kumalungu kunye nezihlunu;
• Malaise;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Isicaphucaphu;
• Ukuhlanza.

Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ukususela ekuqaleni kwezikhalazo, kwezinye iimeko ukuvela kombala omthubi kwesikhumba namehlo abizwa ngokuba yi-jaundice anokuvela, ehamba kunye okanye hayi ngolusu olurhawuzayo, umchamo omnyama kunye nezihlalo ezimhlophe. Emva koko, kuqhelekile ukulandela ixesha lokubuyisela, ngokuhla kweempawu kunye neempawu, zihlala ziguquka ukunyanga isifo.

Kwezinye iimeko, inkqubo yokuvuvukala kwe-hepatitis inokuhlala ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6, iguquke ibe yi-hepatitis engapheliyo. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-hepatitis engapheliyo.

Xa inokuba nzulu

Nangona ingaqhelekanga, nayiphi na i-hepatitis ebukhali inokuba nzima, ngakumbi xa ingafumaneki kwangethuba kwaye xa unyango lungaqalanga kakuhle. Ukuba i-hepatitis iba nzima, inokubeka esichengeni ukusebenza kwesibindi kunye nemibhobho yenyongo, eyonyusa umngcipheko wokopha, iphazamise ukuveliswa kweeproteni okanye ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba kwaye inokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Ukongeza, ngexesha lesigaba esibuhlungu se-hepatitis, kunokubakho ukusilela kwesibindi, ekufuneka kufunyaniswe kwangoko ungenelelo ngoncedo olukhawulezileyo, njengokufakelwa kwesibindi, kunokuba yimfuneko.

Xa inokugqitywa

I-hepatitis egcwele ngokugqibeleleyo iyaziwa nangokuthi kukungaphumeleli kwesibindi, kwaye kubonakala kuphela kwiimeko ezinqabileyo ze-hepatitis eziguquke kakhulu kwaye ziphazamise yonke imetabolism yomzimba. Sisinye sezifo ezibaluleke kakhulu esibindini, kwaye sinokufa kwi-70 ukuya kwi-90% yezigulana, umngcipheko unyuke ngokobudala.

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-hepatitis egcweleyo ziyafana nezo ze-hepatitis eziqhelekileyo, zongeza ubukho bomchamo omnyama, amehlo atyheli, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ilizwi elingaqondakaliyo, ukudideka kwengqondo kunye nokucinga kancinci, ngomngcipheko weengxaki ezinje ngokusilela kwamalungu amaninzi. Ezi ngxaki zingakhokelela ekufeni, kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna uncedo lonyango nanini na kuvela iimpawu ezibonisa esi sifo. Funda ngakumbi malunga nezizathu kunye nonyango lwe-hepatitis epheleleyo.

Zintoni izizathu

Phakathi kwezizathu eziphambili ze-hepatitis ebukhali, zibandakanyiwe:

• Usulelo lwe-hepatitis A, B, C, D okanye intsholongwane ye-E. Zazi iindlela zokudlulisela kunye nendlela yokuthintela i-hepatitis yentsholongwane;
• Olunye usulelo, olunje ngecytomegalovirus, parvovirus, herpes, yellow fever;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza, anje ngee-antibiotics, ii-antidepressants, ii-statins okanye ii-anticonvulsants. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni enokubangela ichiza lesibindi;
• Ukusetyenziswa kweParacetamol;
• Izifo ezisebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, apho umzimba uvelisa izinto ezingalunganga ngokuchasene nawo;
• Utshintsho kwimetabolism yobhedu kunye nentsimbi;
• Utshintsho kumjikelezo;
• Isithintelo se-biliary;
• Ubumnyama besifo esingapheliyo;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwimetabolism yamanqatha;
• Umhlaza;
• Izinto ezinetyhefu, ezinje ngeziyobisi, ukudibana neekhemikhali okanye ukusetyenziswa kweti ezithile.

Ukongeza, kukho into ebizwa ngokuba yi-hepatitis egqithisayo, ebangelwa zizifo ezingenzeki ngokuthe ngqo kwisibindi, kodwa zihamba kunye nezifo ezinzulu eziqhelekileyo, ezifana ne-septicemia.

Bukela le vidiyo ilandelayo, incoko phakathi kwengcali yesondlo uTatiana Zanin noGqirha Drauzio Varella malunga nendlela yokuthintela nokunyanga ezinye iintlobo zesifo sokudumba kwesibindi:

Uqinisekisa njani

Ukuqinisekisa i-hepatitis ebukhali, ukongeza kuhlalutyo lomfanekiso weklinikhi kunye neempawu eziboniswe ngumntu, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezinakho ukufumanisa izilonda kwinyama yesibindi okanye utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwesibindi kunye ne-bile ducts, njenge-alanine aminotransferase (ALT , eyaziwa ngokuba yi-TGP), i-aspartate aminotransferase (AST, eyayisaziwa ngokuba yi-TGO), i-gamma GT, i-alkaline phosphatase, i-bilirubins, i-albhamuin kunye necoagulogram.

Ukongeza, iimvavanyo zokucinga zinokucelwa ukuba zigcine ukubonakala kwesibindi, njenge-ultrasound okanye itomografi kwaye, ukuba isifo asichazwanga, kunokwenzeka ukuba wenze i-biopsy yesibindi. Funda ngakumbi ngovavanyo oluvavanya isibindi.