Into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokuPhulukana nokuPhakamisa okuphezulu

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zokuphulukana nendlebe okuphezulu
• Ngaba isigxina?
• Yintoni ebangela ukulahleka kwindlebe okuphezulu
• Ukwaluphala
• Umonakalo wengxolo
• Usulelo lwendlebe oluphakathi
• Amathumba
• Imfuza
• Amayeza
• Isifo sikaMeniere
• Ukulahleka kwamaxesha okuva okuphezulu ecaleni kwe-tinnitus
• Ukulawula ukulahleka kwendlebe okuphezulu
• Ukuthintela ukulahleka kwendlebe okuphezulu
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Lithini udidi lokuva lomntu?
• Yise kude

Ukulahleka kwamaxesha okuva okuphezulu kubangela iingxaki ngokuva izandi eziphezulu. Inokukhokelela kwi. Ukonakaliswa kwezakhiwo ezinjengeenwele kwindlebe yakho yangaphakathi kunokubangela olu hlobo lokulahleka kwendlebe.

Ukuhamba rhoqo ngumlinganiso wenani lokungcangcazeliswa sisandi esenziwa ngomzuzwana. Umzekelo, isandi esilinganiswe nge-4,000 Hz singcangcazela amaxesha angama-4,000 ngomzuzwana. Ukuhamba rhoqo, sisandi sesandi, kwahlukile kubunzulu besandi, sisandi esivakala kakhulu.

Umzekelo, inqaku eliphakathi C kwibhodi yezitshixo linamaxesha aphantse abe ngaphantsi kwe-262 Hz. Ukuba ucofe iqhosha ngokulula, unokuvelisa isandi esinobunzima obuphantsi obungavakaliyo. Ukuba ucofe iqhosha ngakumbi, unokuvelisa isandi esikhulu ngakumbi kwisandi esifanayo.

Nabani na unokukhulisa ukulahleka kwendlebe okuphezulu, kodwa kuya kusiba yinto eqhelekileyo kubudala. Ukubonakaliswa kwizandi ezivakalayo okanye izandi ezihamba rhoqo zizinto eziqhelekileyo ezibangela ukonakala kwendlebe kubantu abancinci.

Kule nqaku, siza kujonga iimpawu kunye nezizathu zokulahleka kwexesha elide lokuva. Siza kukuxelela ukuba ungawathatha njani amanyathelo okukhusela iindlebe zakho.

Iimpawu zokuphulukana nendlebe okuphezulu

Ukuba ulahleko oluphakamileyo lokuva, unokuba nengxaki yokuva izandi ezinje:

• iintsimbi
• ifowuni kunye nezixhobo zesixhobo
• ilizwi labasetyhini nabantwana
• iintaka kunye nezandi zezilwanyana

Usenokuba nengxaki yokucalula phakathi kwezandi ezahlukeneyo xa kukho ingxolo yangasemva.

Ngaba isigxina?

Ukuphulukana nokuva kuqheleke kakhulu eMelika. Phantse bavezwe kwinqanaba eliyingozi lengxolo emsebenzini. Nje ukuba ulwakhiwo kwindlebe yakho yangaphakathi lonakaliswe, ngokufuthi akunakwenzeka ukubuyisa ilahleko yokuva.

Umonakalo wokuva ungachazwa njengolahleko lweendlebe zokuva, ukuphulukana nendlebe, okanye ukudityaniswa kwezi zimbini.

Ukuphulukana nokuva kwemvakalelo lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Kwenzeka xa i-luvo lwakho lokuva okanye iiseli zeenwele ngaphakathi kwi-cochlea yendlebe yakho yonakele. Ukuphulukana nokuva kwemithambo kuhlala kusisigxina kodwa kunokuphuculwa ngoncedo lokuva okanye ukufakelwa kwe cochlear.

Ukulahleka kwendlebe okuqhubayo akuqhelekanga. Olu hlobo lokulahleka kwendlebe lubandakanya ukuvaleka okanye ukonakaliswa kwendlebe yakho ephakathi okanye izakhiwo zendlebe ezingaphandle. Ingabangelwa yi-wax yendlebe eyakhiweyo okanye ithambo lendlebe elaphukileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, olu hlobo lokulahleka kwendlebe lunokubuyela umva.

Ukuba unengxaki yokuva, kufuneka utyelele ugqirha ukuze ufumane isifo esifanelekileyo.

Yintoni ebangela ukulahleka kwindlebe okuphezulu

Iindlebe zakho zangaphandle zivakalisa isandi ngakwindlebe yakho yendlebe nakwigubu lendlebe.Amathambo amathathu akwindlebe yakho ephakathi ebizwa ngokuba yi-malleus, incus, kunye ne-stapes zithwala ukungcangcazela ukusuka kwigubu lakho lendlebe ukuya kwilungu elijikelezayo kwindlebe yakho yangaphakathi ebizwa ngokuba yi-cochlea.

I-cochlea yakho iqulethe iiseli zeenwele ezinombala omncinci okombala obizwa ngokuba zii-stereocilia. Ezi zakhiwo ziguqula ukungcangcazela kwesandi sibe ziimpembelelo ze-neural.

Xa ezi nwele zisonakala, unokufumana ilahleko yokuva rhoqo. Unayo malunga neeseli zeenwele kwi-cochlea yakho xa uzalwa. Umonakalo wokuva usenokungafumaneki de iipesenti ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-50 zeeseli zeenwele zonakaliswe.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokukhokelela ekonakaleni kwe-stereocilia yakho.

Ukwaluphala

Ukulahleka kwendlebe okunxulumene nobudala kuqhelekile phakathi kwabantu abadala. Phantse umntu omnye kwabathathu ophakathi kweminyaka engama-65 nama-74 anengxaki yokuva. Ichaphazela isiqingatha sabantu abadala ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-75.

Umonakalo wengxolo

Unokuba nomonakalo kwindlebe kwizandi ezibini ezihamba rhoqo kunye nezandi ezivakalayo. Rhoqo ukusebenzisa iihedfoni ngevolumu ephezulu kunokubangela ukulahleka kwindlebe okusisigxina.

Omnye wavavanya ubudlelwane phakathi kwabadlali bomculo abaphathwayo kunye nelahleko yokuva ebantwaneni. Abaphandi bajonga ngaphezulu kwe-3,000 yabantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka ye-9 kunye ne-11. Bafumanise ukuba iipesenti ezili-14 zabantwana banamazinga athile okulahlekelwa kukuva rhoqo. Abantwana abasebenzisa abadlali bomculo abaphathwayo kanye kanye okanye kabini ngeveki babengamathuba aphindwe kabini okuba baphulukane nokuva kwabo bangakhange basebenzise abadlali bomculo konke konke.

Usulelo lwendlebe oluphakathi

Usulelo lwendlebe ephakathi lunokubangela ukwanda kolwelo kunye nokulahleka kwexeshana kokuva. Umonakalo osisigxina kwindlebe yakho okanye ezinye iindlebe eziphakathi kwendlebe zinokwenzeka kwimeko yosulelo olubi.

Amathumba

Izidumba ezibizwa ngokuba zii-acoustic neuromas zinokucinezela kwi-luvo lwakho lokuva kwaye zibangele ukulahleka kwendlebe kunye ne-tinnitus kwelinye icala.

Imfuza

Ukuphulukana nendlebe kunokuba yimfuza. Ukuba umntu othile kusapho lwakho unengxaki yokungeva, uthambekele ekuphuhliseni, naye.

Amayeza

Amayeza anokubangela ukungaboni kakuhle ngokwenzakalisa indlebe yangaphakathi okanye imithambo-luvo yokuphicotha ibizwa ngokuba yi-ototoxic. Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID), ezinye i-antibiotics, kunye neyeza zonyango lomhlaza ziphakathi kweyeza ezinokuthi zibe yi-ototoxic.

Isifo sikaMeniere

Isifo seMeniere sijolise kwindlebe yakho yangaphakathi kwaye sibangele ukuhla kokulahleka kwendlebe, i-tinnitus, kunye ne-vertigo. Kubangelwa kukwakheka kolwelo kwindlebe yangaphakathi enokubangelwa kukusuleleka kwintsholongwane, ukuphendula komzimba, ukuvaleka, okanye imeko yemfuza. Isifo sikaMeniere sichaphazela indlebe enye.

Ukulahleka kwamaxesha okuva okuphezulu ecaleni kwe-tinnitus

I-Tinnitus yingxolo eqhubekayo okanye ingxolo ezindlebeni zakho. Kucingelwa ukuba uninzi lwabantu abazizigidi ezingama-60 e-United States baneendlela ezithile ze-tinnitus. Rhoqo, ukulahleka kwendlebe kuhamba kunye neempawu ze-tinnitus. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-tinnitus inokuba luphawu lokulahleka kwendlebe kodwa ingesosizathu.

Ukulawula ukulahleka kwendlebe okuphezulu

Ukulahleka kwendlebe okuphezulu rhoqo kuhlala kusisigxina kwaye kuhlala kubangelwa ngumonakalo kwiiseli zeenwele ezikwi-cochlea yakho. Uncedo lokuva olujolise kwizandi ezihamba rhoqo kunokuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo ukuba ilahleko yakho yokuva inzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingonakalisa ubomi bakho.

Ukuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji kule minyaka ingama-25 idlulileyo kukhokelele ekudalweni kwezinto zokuncedisa ukuva ezinokuthi zihambelane ngcono nohlobo oluthile lwelahleko lokuva. Izixhobo zokuva zanamhlanje zihlala zineetekhnoloji zeBluetooth zokuvumelanisa neefowuni kunye neetafile.

Ukuthintela ukulahleka kwendlebe okuphezulu

Unokuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukulahleka kwesantya esiphezulu ngokuphepha izandi ezinesandi esiphezulu okanye esihamba rhoqo. Nokuba ukubhengeza ixesha elinye kwimisindo engaphezulu kwama-85 ee-decibel kunokubangela ukulahleka kwendlebe okungenakulungiswa.

Nazi ezinye zeendlela zokukhusela ukuva kwakho.

• Nciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwakho kwimisindo ephezulu.
• Sebenzisa ii-earplugs okanye i-earmuffs xa uvezwe kwingxolo enkulu.
• Gcina i-earbud yakho kunye nevolumu yentloko kwicala eliphantsi.
• Thatha ikhefu kude neTV okanye unomathotholo.
• Fumana iimvavanyo zokuva rhoqo ukufumana iingxaki zokuva kwangethuba.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Uluhlu lwakho lokuva luyancipha njengoko uneminyaka yobudala. Abantwana bahlala beva izandi umntu omdala ongaziqhelanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uqaphela ilahleko ngequbuliso okanye utshintsho kwindlebe yakho, licebo elihle lokuba ukuva kwakho kuvavanywe kwangoko.

Ukuphulukana nokuva kwemvakalelo ngesiquphe okwenzeka kwindlebe enye yaziwa njengesithulu ngequbuliso. Ukuba unamava oku kufuneka ubone ugqirha kwangoko.

Lithini udidi lokuva lomntu?

Abantu banokuva izandi kuluhlu lwamaxesha aphakathi. Iintsana zinakho ukuva amaza ngaphezulu kolu luhlu. Kubantu abadala abaninzi, umda woluhlu oluphezulu lokuva ujikeleze i-15,000 ukuya kwi-17,000 Hz.

Ukujonga, ezinye iintlobo zamalulwane zinokuva izandi eziphakame njenge-200,000 Hz, okanye malunga namaxesha ali-10 ngaphezulu komda womntu.

Yise kude

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukulahleka kwexesha eliphakamileyo lokuva akunakulungiswa. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa yinkqubo yokuguga yendalo okanye ukusuka ekuvezweni kwizandi ezivakalayo.

Ungawanciphisa amathuba okuphucula ilahleko yokuva rhoqo ngokucofa ivolumu xa usebenzisa ii-headphone, usebenzisa ii-earplugs xa uvezwe yingxolo enkulu, kwaye uphila ubomi obuphilileyo ngokubanzi.