Yintoni iHyperparathyroidism kunye nendlela yokuyinyanga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuchonga
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Hyperparathyroidism sisifo esibangela ukuveliswa kakhulu kwehomoni ye-PTH, ekhutshwe ziincindi ze-parathyroid, ezibekwe entanyeni emva kwe-thyroid.

Ihomoni i-PTH inceda ukugcina amanqanaba e-calcium egazini kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iziphumo zayo eziphambili zibandakanya ukubuyiselwa kwe-calcium kwizintso, ukufunxeka okukhulu kwe-calcium ekudleni emathunjini, kunye nokususwa kwe-calcium egcinwe emathanjeni. ukukhulula ungene kwigazi.

Hyperparathyroidism inokuvela ngeendlela ezintathu:

• Isiseko sehyperparathyroidism: kwenzeka xa isifo se-parathyroids sibangela i-hormone PTH, ikakhulu ngenxa ye-adenoma okanye i-hyperplasia yala madlala;
• I-hyperparathyroidism yesibini: ivela ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwimetabolism yomzimba, evuselela amadlala e-parathyroid, ngakumbi ngenxa yokusilela kwezintso, kwaye ebangela ukwehla kwamanqanaba e-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus ekujikelezeni kwegazi;
• I-hyperparathyroidism ephezulu: kunqabile ngakumbi, kubonakala xa iingqaqambo ze-parathyroid ziqala ukukhupha i-PTH ngaphezulu zodwa, kwaye zinokubonakala emva kwexesha elithile le-hyperparathyroidism yesibini, umzekelo.

Xa ichongiwe, i-hyperparathyroidism kufuneka inyangwe ngokukhawuleza, njengoko inokuba neziphumo ezibi, njengokuncipha kwamathambo, ukwandisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka. Ukongeza, i-calcium egazini egazini nayo inokubangela utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwezihlunu, amatye ezintso, ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nezinye iingxaki zentliziyo.

Esi sifo siyanyangeka xa uqhaqho lwenziwe ukususa i-gland, nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi koko, amayeza anokuboniswa anokusetyenziswa ukulawula iimpawu.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Ezinye zeempawu kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo kwiimeko zehyperparathyroidism zezi:

• Ithambo elibuthathaka kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wokuqhekeka;
• Buthathaka kwezihlunu;
• Uphuhliso lwezintso;
• Ukonyusa umnqweno wokuchama;
• Iintlungu eziqhubekayo esiswini;
• Ukudinwa kakhulu;
• Uphuhliso ukusilela kwezintso okanye pancreatitis;
• Isicaphucaphu, ukugabha nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya.

I-Hyperparathyroidism ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu, ngakumbi kumanqanaba okuqala, ke kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba esi sifo sichongwe kuvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo, olubonisa utshintsho kumanqanaba egazi e-calcium.

Indlela yokuchonga

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperparathyroidism kwenziwa ngomlinganiso wehomoni PTH, eyonyuswe kuzo zonke iintlobo zesifo. Emva koko, ugqirha we-endocrinologist uya ku-odola ezinye iimvavanyo ezinceda ekuchongeni unobangela wengxaki, njenge-calcium dosage, ephezulu kwi-hyperparathyroidism ephambili kunye nokwehla kwesekondari, ukongeza kwiimvavanyo ezinje ngecalcium kunye ne-phosphorus kumchamo, umzekelo.

Uviwo lwe-Radiographic lunokunceda ekuchongeni esi sifo, kuba sibonisa amathambo nge-demineralization kunye ne-osteoporosis. Kwiimeko eziphambili kakhulu, olu vavanyo lunokubonisa ukwenziwa kokugrumba nokwanda kwezicubu kunye nemithambo emathanjeni, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "tumor brown".

Ukongeza, ukuvavanywa kwemifanekiso yommandla wentamo, kunye ne-ultrasound, scintigraphy okanye imaging resonance imaging, umzekelo, kunokunceda ekuchongeni utshintsho kwiincindi zeparathyroid.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Inyathelo lokuqala kunyango lwe-hyperparathyroidism ephambili kukulungiswa kwamanqanaba e-calcium, athi, ukuba atshintshe kakhulu, angangoyena nobangela weempawu. Kule nto, kukho ezinye iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ezibandakanya ukutshintshwa kwehomoni, ezenziwe ngakumbi kwabasetyhini emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni, njengokutshintshwa kwehomoni ezithile kunceda ukugcina amanqanaba e-calcium emathanjeni. Amachiza e-bisphosphonate kwelinye icala ayanceda ekwandiseni ukubekwa kwe-calcium emathanjeni, ukunciphisa i-calcium yasimahla egazini. Jonga ezinye izizathu zekhalsiyamu egazini nendlela yokuyinyanga.

Utyando lunokuboniswa kwimeko ye-hyperparathyroidism ephambili, njengoko isusa amadlala achaphazelekayo, ephilisa isifo. Nangona kunjalo, inobungozi obunje ngomonakalo kwimithambo-luvo elawula iintambo zezwi okanye ukwehla okuphawulekayo kumanqanaba e-calcium.

Kwimeko ye-hyperparathyroidism yesibini, kubalulekile ukwenza esweni echanekileyo kunye nonyango lokungaphumeleli kwezintso, ukubuyisela amanqanaba e-vitamin D kunye ne-calcium ancitshisiweyo. Amayeza e-calcimimetic anefuthe elifanayo kwi-calcium, ebangela ukuba amadlala avelise iihomoni ezincinci. Umzekelo wezi ndlela zonyango yi-cinacalcete.