Histiocytosis: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango njani

I-Histiocytosis ihambelana neqela lezifo ezinokubonakaliswa yimveliso enkulu kunye nobukho be-histiocytes ejikeleza egazini, ethi, nangona inqabile, ixhaphake emadodeni kwaye ukuxilongwa kwayo kwenziwa kwiminyaka yokuqala yobomi, ngaphandle kwempawu ezibonakalisayo Isifo sinokuvela nangaliphi na ixesha.

I-Histiocyte ziiseli ezivela kwi-monocyte, eziyizisele ze-immune system, kwaye ke zinoxanduva lokukhusela umzimba. Emva kokwenza inkqubo yokwahlula kunye nokuvuthwa, ii-monocytes zaziwa ngokuba zii-macrophage, ezinikwa igama elithile ngokokuvela kwazo emzimbeni, zibizwa ngokuba ziiseli zeLangerhans xa zifunyenwe kwi-epidermis.

Nangona i-histiocytosis inxulumene kakhulu notshintsho lokuphefumla, ii-histiocytes zinokuqokelelwa kwamanye amalungu, afana nolusu, amathambo, isibindi kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo ngokokuhlala kokona kukhula kakhulu kwe-histiocytes.

Iimpawu eziphambili

I-Histiocytosis inokuthi ibe ne-asymptomatic okanye inkqubela phambili ekuqalekeni kweempawu ngokukhawuleza. Iimpawu kunye neempawu ezibonisa i-histiocytosis zinokwahluka ngokwendawo apho kukho ubukho obukhulu be-histiocytes. Ke, iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• Khohlela;
• Ifiva;
• Ukuthoba umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla;
• Ukudinwa kakhulu;
• Anemia;
• Umngcipheko ophezulu wosulelo;
• Iingxaki zokuxinana;
• Irhashalala;
• Intlungu zesisu;
• Ukuxhuzula;
• Ukulibazisa ukufikisa;
• Ukuba nesiyezi.

Inani elikhulu lee-histiocyte linokubangela ukuveliswa okugqithisileyo kwee-cytokines, ezibangela inkqubo yokuvuvukala kunye nokukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwamathumba, ukongeza ekubangeleni ukonakala kumalungu apho ingqokelela yezi seli iqinisekisiwe. Kuqheleke kakhulu ukuba i-histiocytosis ichaphazele amathambo, ulusu, isibindi kunye nemiphunga, ngakumbi ukuba kukho imbali yokutshaya. Ngaphantsi kakhulu, i-histiocytosis inokubandakanya inkqubo ye-nervous system, i-lymph nodes, i-gastrointestinal tract kunye ne-thyroid.

Ngenxa yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela yabantwana engakhuli kakuhle, kunokwenzeka ukuba amalungu amaninzi anokuchaphazeleka ngokulula, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nokuqala konyango kubaluleke ngokukhawuleza.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-histiocytosis kwenziwa ikakhulu yi-biopsy yesiza esichaphazelekayo, apho inokujongwa khona ngohlalutyo lwelabhoratri phantsi kwemicroscope, ubukho bokungena ngokunyuka kwama-histiocytes kwizicwili ezazisempilweni ngaphambili.

Ukongeza, ezinye iimvavanyo zokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ezinje ngecomputer tomography, uphando malunga notshintsho olunxulunyaniswa nesi sifo, njenge-BRAF, umzekelo, ukongeza kuvavanyo lwe-immunohistochemical kunye nokubala kwegazi, apho kunokubakho utshintsho kwinani le-neutrophils , IiLymphocyte kunye neeosinophil.

Unyango njani

Unyango lwe-histiocytosis luxhomekeke kubungakanani besifo kunye nendawo ekuchaphazeleka kuyo, kwaye unyango lwe-chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-immunosuppressive okanye utyando kuyacetyiswa, ngakumbi kwimeko yokubandakanyeka kwethambo. Xa i-histiocytosis ibangelwa kukutshaya, umzekelo, ukuyeka ukutshaya kuyacetyiswa, kuphucula imeko yomguli.

Amaxesha amaninzi, esi sifo sinokuziphilisa sodwa okanye sinyamalale ngenxa yonyango, nangona kunjalo sinokuvela kwakhona. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba umntu abekwe esweni rhoqo ukuze ugqirha abone ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuba nesifo kwaye, ke, aseke unyango kumanqanaba okuqala.