I-HIV-1 kunye ne-HIV-2: ziyintoni kwaye yintoni umahluko

Umxholo

• Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-HIV-1 kunye ne-HIV-2
• 1. Ziphi rhoqo
• 2. Zidluliselwa njani
• 3. Luguquka njani usulelo
• 4. Lwenziwa njani unyango

I-HIV-1 kunye ne-HIV-2 ziindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane kaGawulayo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, enoxanduva lokudala uGawulayo, esisifo esibi esichaphazela amajoni omzimba kunye nokunciphisa ukuphendula komzimba.

Ezi ntsholongwane, nangona zibangela isifo esinye kwaye zigqithiswa ngendlela efanayo, zibonisa umahluko obalulekileyo, ngakumbi kumgangatho wazo wosasazo kunye nendlela isifo esijika ngayo.

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-HIV-1 kunye ne-HIV-2

I-HIV-1 kunye ne-HIV-2 zinokufana okuninzi ngokokuziphindaphinda, indlela yosulelo kunye nokubonakaliswa kweklinikhi ye-AIDS, kodwa zinomahluko:

1. Ziphi rhoqo

I-HIV-1 ixhaphake kakhulu kuwo nawuphi na umhlaba, ngelixa i-HIV-2 ixhaphake kakhulu eNtshona Afrika.

2. Zidluliselwa njani

Indlela yosulelo yentsholongwane iyafana ne-HIV-1 kunye ne-HIV-2 kwaye yenziwa ngokudibana okungakhuselekanga ngokwesondo, ukwabelana ngeesirinji phakathi kwabantu abosulelekileyo, ukosulela ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ukudibana negazi elosulelekileyo.

Nangona zidluliswa ngendlela efanayo, i-HIV-2 ivelisa amasuntswana egciwane angaphantsi kwe-HIV-1 kwaye, ke ngoko, umngcipheko wokudlulisela usezantsi kubantu abosuleleke yi-HIV-2.

3. Luguquka njani usulelo

Ukuba usulelo lwe-HIV luqhubela phambili ku-AIDS, inkqubo yokuphuhlisa esi sifo iyafana kakhulu kuzo zombini iintlobo zentsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko i-HIV-2 inomthamo wentsholongwane osezantsi, uguquko kusulelo lucotha. Oku kwenza ukubonakala kweempawu kwimeko ye-AIDS ebangelwa yi-HIV-2 nayo ithatha ixesha elide, elinokuthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-30, xa kuthelekiswa ne-HIV-1, enokuba malunga neminyaka eli-10.

UGAWULAYO ​​uvela xa umntu esosulelo olungenelelayo, njengesifo sephepha okanye inyumoniya, umzekelo, ezibonakalisa ngenxa yokuba buthathaka kwamajoni omzimba aveliswa yintsholongwane. Bona ngakumbi malunga nesi sifo kunye neempawu ezinokuthi zivele.

4. Lwenziwa njani unyango

Unyango losulelo lwe-HIV lwenziwa ngamachiza ee-antiretroviral, athi, nangona engayiphelisi intsholongwane emzimbeni, ayincede ekuphindaphindeni, acothise ukuqhubela phambili kwe-HIV, athintele ukuhanjiswa kwaye ancede nokukhusela amajoni omzimba.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomahluko wemfuza phakathi kwentsholongwane, indibaniselwano yamachiza kunyango lwe-HIV-1 kunye ne-HIV-2 inokwahluka, kuba i-HIV-2 iyamelana neeklasi ezimbini zee-antiretrovirals: reverse transcriptase analogues kunye fusion / entry inhibitors . Funda ngakumbi ngonyango lwe-HIV.