Uvavanyo lwe-HIV

Umxholo

• Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-HIV?
• Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-HIV?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-HIV?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Izalathiso

Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-HIV?

Uvavanyo lwe-HIV lubonisa ukuba ngaba usulelekile yi-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). Intsholongwane kaGawulayo yintsholongwane ehlasela ize itshabalalise iiseli kumajoni omzimba. Ezi seli zikhusela umzimba wakho kwiintsholongwane ezibangela izifo, ezinjengebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane. Ukuba uphulukana neeseli ezininzi zomzimba, umzimba wakho uya kuba nengxaki yokulwa izifo kunye nezinye izifo.

Zintathu iintlobo eziphambili zovavanyo lwe-HIV:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Antibody. Olu vavanyo lukhangela izilwa-buhlungu ze-HIV egazini lakho okanye kumathe. Amajoni akho omzimba enza izilwa-buhlungu xa uchanabeke kwintsholongwane okanye kwiintsholongwane, njenge-HIV. Uvavanyo lwe-antibody ye-HIV lunokumisela ukuba unayo i-HIV ukusuka kwiiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-12 emva kokosuleleka. Kungenxa yokuba kungathatha iiveki ezimbalwa okanye ngaphezulu ukuba amajoni akho omzimba enze ii-antibodies kwi-HIV. Unokwazi ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-HIV antibody ngasese ekhayeni lakho. Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga neekiti zokuvavanya i-HIV ekhaya.
• Uvavanyo lwe-HIV Antibody / Antigen. Olu vavanyo lukhangela izilwa-buhlungu ze-HIV kwaye iantigen egazini. I-antigen yinxalenye yentsholongwane ebangela ukuphendula komzimba. Ukuba ubukhe wabhencwa kwi-HIV, ii-antigen ziya kubonakala egazini lakho phambi kokuba kwenziwe ii-antibodies ze-HIV. Olu vavanyo lunokufumana i-HIV kwiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-2 zosulelo. Uvavanyo lwe-HIV antibody / antigen lolunye lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lovavanyo lwe-HIV.
• Umthwalo wentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Olu vavanyo lilinganisela ubungakanani bentsholongwane kagawulayo egazini. Ingayifumana i-HIV ngokukhawuleza kunovavanyo lwe-antibody kunye ne-antibody / antigen, kodwa iyabiza kakhulu. Isetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni usulelo lwe-HIV.

Amanye amagama: uvavanyo lwe-anti-antigen / antigen ye-HIV, uvavanyo lwe-HIV-1 kunye ne-HIV-2 kunye novavanyo lwe-antigen, uvavanyo lwe-HIV, uvavanyo lwe-anti-immune anti-antibody, uhlobo 1, uvavanyo lwe-HIV p24 antigen

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Uvavanyo lwe-HIV lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba awosulelwanga yi-HIV. Intsholongwane kaGawulayo yintsholongwane ebangela uGawulayo (i-immunodeficiency syndrome). Uninzi lwabantu abane-HIV abanayo i-AIDS. Abantu abane-AIDS banenani eliphantsi kakhulu leeseli zomzimba kwaye basemngciphekweni wezifo ezisongela ubomi, kubandakanya usulelo oluyingozi, uhlobo olubi lwenyumoniya, kunye nomhlaza othile, kubandakanya iKaposi sarcoma.

Ukuba ngaba i-HIV ifunyenwe kwangethuba, ungafumana amayeza okukhusela amajoni akho omzimba. Amayeza e-HIV anokukuthintela ekubeni ufumane i-AIDS.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-HIV?

Amaziko oLawulo noKuthintela iZifo (i-CDC) acebisa ukuba wonke umntu ophakathi kweminyaka eli-13 ukuya kwengama-64 avavanyelwe i-HIV okungenani kube kanye njengenxalenye yokhathalelo lwempilo oluqhelekileyo. Unokufuna uvavanyo lwe-HIV ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wosulelo. INTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO ​​isasazeka ikakhulu ngokudibana ngokwesondo kunye negazi, ngenxa yoko unokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu we-HIV ukuba:

• Ngaba uyindoda eye yalala nenye indoda
• Ukhe wabelana ngesondo neqabane elosuleleke yi-HIV
• Uye waba namaqabane amaninzi ezesondo
• Ngaba utofile iziyobisi, ezifana neheroin, okanye iinaliti zeziyobisi ezabiweyo kunye nomnye umntu

Intsholongwane kaGawulayo isasazeka ukusuka kumama iye emntwaneni ngexesha lokuzalwa nangobisi lwebele, ke ukuba ukhulelwe ugqirha wakho angayalela ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwe-HIV. Kukho amayeza onokuthi uwathathe ngexesha lokukhulelwa naxa uhambisa ukuwunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokusasaza esi sifo emntwaneni wakho.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-HIV?

Ungafumana uvavanyo lwegazi elebhu, okanye wenze olwakho uvavanyo ekhaya.

Uvavanyo lwegazi elebhu:

• Ingcali yokhathalelo lwempilo iyakuthatha isampulu yegazi kumthambo engalweni yakho, isebenzisa inaliti encinci. Emva kokuba inaliti ifakiwe, inani elincinci legazi liya kuqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo okanye igutyana. Unokuziva uluma kancinci xa inaliti ingena okanye iphuma. Oku kuhlala kuthatha imizuzu engaphantsi kwesihlanu.

Kuba kuvavanyo lwasekhaya, kuyakufuneka ufumane isampuli yamathe emlonyeni wakho okanye nethontsi legazi eminwe yakho.

• Ikhithi yovavanyo iya kubonelela ngemiyalelo yendlela yokufumana isampulu yakho, uyipakishe, kwaye uyithumele kwilebhu.
  • Kuvavanyo lwamathe, uya kusebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo esinjenge-spatula ukuthatha i-swab emlonyeni wakho.
  • Uvavanyo lwegazi lokuncancisa umnwe wakho, uya kusebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo ukuhlaba umunwe wakho kunye nokuqokelela isampulu yegazi.

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya kuvavanyo lwasekhaya, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Awudingi naluphi na ulungiselelo olukhethekileyo lovavanyo lwe-HIV. Kodwa kuya kufuneka uthethe nomcebisi ngaphambi kunye / okanye emva kovavanyo lwakho ukuze uqonde ngcono ukuba zithini na iziphumo kunye nokhetho lwakho kunyango ukuba ufunyaniswe une-HIV.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?

Akukho mngcipheko umncinci wokufumana uvavanyo lwe-HIV. Ukuba ufumana uvavanyo lwegazi kwilebhu, unokuba nentlungu encinci okanye ukugruzuka kwindawo ebekwe kuyo inaliti, kodwa uninzi lweempawu zihamba ngokukhawuleza.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Ukuba iziphumo zakho azinayo, oko kunokuthetha ukuba awunayo i-HIV. Iziphumo ezingekhoyo zisenokuthetha ukuba une-HIV kodwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ukuxelela. Kungathatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuba ii-antibodies ze-HIV kunye neantigen zibonakale emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba ngaba iziphumo zakho azinayo, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ze-HIV kamva.

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zichanekile, uya kufumana uvavanyo olulandelayo ukuze uqinisekise isifo. Ukuba zombini ezi mvavanyo zithi unayo, oko kuthetha ukuba une-HIV. Akuthethi ukuba une-AIDS. Ngelixa lungekho unyango lwe-HIV, lukhona unyango olungcono olufumanekayo ngoku kunangaphambili. Namhlanje, abantu abane-HIV baphila ixesha elide, benobomi obungcono kunakuqala. Ukuba uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, kubalulekile ukuba ubone umboneleli wakho wezempilo rhoqo.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Izalathiso

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Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.