Isebenza Kangakanani Ukudutyulwa Komkhuhlane Kulo nyaka?

Umxholo

• Ke usebenza njani umkhuhlane kulo nyaka?
• Usebenza njani umkhuhlane jikelele?
• Uphengululo lwe

Ixesha lomkhuhlane liqalile, okuthetha ukuba lixesha lokufumana umkhuhlane ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa ukuba awungomntu othanda iinaliti, unokukhangela ulwazi oluthe kratya, njengokuba lusebenza kangakanani ukudubula komkhuhlane, kwaye ukuba lufanelekile nohambo oluya kugqirha. (Spoiler: Injalo.)

Okokuqala, ukuba unenkxalabo yokuba ukufumana umkhuhlane kuya kuthandanika wena umkhuhlane, yingqondo ephosakeleyo iyonke. Imiphumo emibi yomkhuhlane ibandakanya ukudakumba, ukuthamba, kunye nokudumba kwindawo yenaliti. Okona kubi, wenaamandla babe neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ngoko nangoko emva kokufumana udubulo, njengomkhuhlane womgangatho ophantsi, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, ukudinwa, kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu, uGustavo Ferrer, M.D., umseki weCleveland Clinic Florida Cough Clinic, ngaphambili wasixelela. (I-FluMist, iyeza lokuthintela impumlo yokuthintela umkhuhlane, inokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifanayo.)

Kodwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ixesha lomkhuhlane lika-2017-2018 yenye yezona zibulala amashumi eminyaka-kunye nokusweleka okungaphezulu kwama-80,000 iyonke, ngokweZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye noThintelo (CDC) -ubhetele ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ugonywe kunokuba kungenjalo. (Idibeneyo: Ngaba umntu ophilileyo angafa kuMkhuhlane?)

Kwaye, ngelixa ixesha lomkhuhlane wonyaka ophelileyo lingazange libulale kakhulu, lalilelona xesha lide kwirekhodi: Yaqala ngo-Okthobha kwaye yaqhubeka ukuya kutsho ngoMeyi, ibambe iingcali ezininzi zezempilo zingenaluvalo kwaphela. Kwicala eliqaqambileyo, phakathi kwixesha lonyaka, amanani abonisa ukuba umkhuhlane wawunciphisile umngcipheko wokufumana isifo ngeepesenti ezingama-47 kubantu abagonyiweyo, ngokwengxelo evela kwi-CDC. Thelekisa loo nto kunyaka we-2017-2018 womkhuhlane xa umkhuhlane wadubula waba ngama-36 eepesenti kubantu abagonywayo, kwaye kungavakala ngathi iyeza lokugonya liphucuka minyaka le, akunjalo?

Ewe akunjalo. Gcina ukhumbula, ukusebenza komkhuhlane, ubukhulu becala, kukubonakalisa eyona nto iphambili kumkhuhlane, kwaye wamkeleka njani kwisitofu sokugonya.

Ke usebenza njani umkhuhlane kulo nyaka?

Ixesha lomkhuhlane alidli ngokuqalisa de kube phakathi ukuya ekupheleni kuka-Okthobha, ngoko ke kusesekuseni kakhulu ukuba wazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwesi sifo oluya kubaluleka kakhulu. Okwangoku, ukuze babe nokulungela ukulungela ixesha lonyaka, iingcali kufuneka zenze isigqibo sokuba zeziphi iintlobo ekufuneka zibandakanyiwe kwisithuba seenyanga zokugonya. Iintlobo ze-H1N1, i-H3N2, kwaye zombini iintlobo zomkhuhlane B kulindeleke ukuba zijikeleze ngeli xesha lonyaka, kwaye isitofu sokugonya sika-2019-2020 sihlaziywe ukuze sihambelane ngcono nezi ntlobo, utshilo uRina Shah, i-PharmD, iqela lemisebenzi yekhemesti usekela mongameli weWalgreens.

Okwangoku, i-CDC ithi phantse akunakwenzeka ukuba ichonge ngokuthe ngqo ukuba umkhuhlane uya kusebenza njani nakowuphi na unyaka. Kuxhomekeka kudidi olukhulu lwezinto, kubandakanya umdlalo phakathi kwentsholongwane yokugonya kunye neentsholongwane ezijikelezayo, kunye nobudala kunye nembali yempilo yomntu ogonyiweyo.

Oko bekutshiwo, iingcali ziqikelela ukuba kulo nyaka umkhuhlane uza kuba malunga neepesenti ezingama-47, utshilo uNiket Sonpal, MD, ugqirha wezifundo zangaphakathi kunye nesisu esiseNew York City. (Eyeleleneyo: Indlela yokulwa nomkhuhlane ngokuzilolonga)

Usebenza njani umkhuhlane jikelele?

Ukuba isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane asihambelani kakuhle neentsholongwane zomkhuhlane ezijikeleze wena, kunokwenzeka ukuba, nokuba ugonyiwe, usengawubamba umkhuhlane, ngokommeli weCVS. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isitofu sokugonya sihambelana kakuhle, uphando oluvela kwi-CDC lucebisa ukuba ukudubula komkhuhlane kuphakathi kwama-40 kunye nama-60 ekhulwini asebenzayo.

Inye into eqinisekileyo, nangona kunjalo: Ukuba awufumani mkhuhlane, ungo-100% emngciphekweni wokufumana umkhuhlane.

I-CDC icebisa ukuba umkhuhlane udubule ekuqaleni kokwindla (aka ngoku), njengoko inokuthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezimbini emva kogonyo lweentsholongwane zokuzikhusela emzimbeni, uyachaza uGqirha Sonpal. Ungawufumana umkhuhlane emva kwexesha lonyaka (isaza kuba luncedo), kodwa ngenxa yokuba ixesha lomkhuhlane liphezulu phakathi kukaDisemba noFebruwari- kwaye, kuyabonakala ukuba, lingagqitha ngoMeyi — eyona ndlela yokubheja kwakho ukukhusela isigulo kukufumana umkhuhlane wadubula ASAP. Kwaye, zininzi iindawo onokuya kuzo ukuze ufumane umkhuhlane simahla, ke ulinde ntoni?

Uphengululo lwe