Umbhali: Monica Porter
Umhla Wokudalwa: 20 Eyokwindla 2021
Hlaziya Umhla: 20 Eyenkanga 2024
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Umxholo

Utywala obunxilisayo yimeko esongela ubomi eyenzeka xa utywala obuninzi buselwa ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa ihlala ixesha elingakanani ityhefu yotywala?

Impendulo emfutshane kukuba, kuxhomekeke.

Ixesha elithatha utywala kubo bobabini banefuthe kwaye emva koko bayishiye inkqubo yakho banokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi, ezinje ngobunzima bakho kunye nokuba zingaphi iziselo osele unazo ngexesha elinikiweyo.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngobutywala botywala, iimpawu ekufuneka uzijongile, kunye nexesha lokufuna ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo.

Ii-FAQ

Apha ngezantsi siza kuvavanya ezinye zezinto ezinokuthi zibe negalelo kwityhefu yotywala kunye nokuba uza kuziva ixesha elide kangakanani.

Zingaphi iziselo ezinokukhokelela kwityhefu enotywala?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo iyahluka kumntu nomntu. Utywala buchaphazela wonke umntu ngokwahlukileyo.

Ubuninzi bezinto bunokuchaphazela ukuba isenzo sotywala sikhawuleza kangakanani emzimbeni kunye nexesha elithathayo ukucoca emzimbeni wakho. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya:

  • ubudala
  • ubunzima
  • ngesondo
  • imetabolism
  • uhlobo kunye namandla otywala aselweyo
  • iqondo apho butywala butyiwa khona
  • ukutya okuninzi okutyileyo
  • amayeza amiselweyo, anje ngeyeza le-opioid, amayeza okulala, kunye namanye amayeza alwa noxinzelelo
  • ukunyamezelana kwakho notywala

Ukuzinkcinkca ngotywala ngunobangela oqhelekileyo wetyhefu yotywala. Ichazwa njengaxa indoda ineziselo ezintlanu okanye nangaphezulu zingaphelanga iiyure ezimbini okanye xa umfazi eneziselo ezine okanye nangaphezulu kwiiyure ezimbini.


Yimalini isiselo? Iyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lotywala.Umzekelo, isiselo esinye sinokuba:

  • Ii-ounces ezili-12 zebhiya
  • Ii-ounces ezi-5 zewayini
  • 1.5 ii-ounces zotywala

Ukongeza, ezinye iziselo, ezinjengeziselo ezixubeneyo, zinokufumana ngaphezulu kwesinye kotywala kubo. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukugcina umkhondo wokuba ubusele kangakanani utywala.

Ukunyuka kwenqanaba lotywala kuwuchaphazela njani umzimba?

Ukusela iziselo ezinxilisayo kukhokelela ekwandeni koxinzelelo lwegazi (alcohol alcohol concentration) (BAC). Njengoko i-BAC yakho inyuka, kunjalo nomngcipheko wobutyhefu obunxilisayo.

Nazi iziphumo ngokubanzi zokunyuka kwe-BAC:

  • 0.0 ukuya kwi-0.05 yeepesenti: Unokuziva ukhululekile okanye ulele kwaye unokuphazamiseka kancinci kwimemori, ukulungelelanisa kunye nokuthetha.
  • 0.06 ukuya kwi-0.15 yeepesenti: Imemori, ukulungelelanisa kunye nentetho ziphazamisekile ngakumbi. Izakhono zokuqhuba nazo zichaphazeleka kakhulu. Ubundlobongela bunokwanda kwabanye abantu.
  • I-0.16 ukuya kwi-0.30 yeepesenti: Imemori, ukulungelelaniswa kunye nentetho zichaphazeleka kakhulu. Izakhono zokwenza izigqibo nazo zinengxaki enkulu. Ezinye iimpawu zetyhefu yotywala zinokubakho, njengokugabha kunye nokulahleka kwengqondo.
  • 0.31 ukuya kwi-0.45 yeepesenti: Umngcipheko wobungozi obunobungozi obunobungozi obunxilisayo. Imisebenzi yeVital, njengokuphefumla kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo, zixinezeleke kakhulu.

Kwakhona kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba i-BAC inokuqhubeka nokwanda ixesha elide njengemizuzu engama-40 emva kwesiselo sakho sokugqibela. Ke ngoko, ukuba ubusebenzise kakhulu utywala, usenokuba semngciphekweni wetyhefu yotywala nokuba uyekile ukusela.


Iimpawu

Kubalulekile ukuba wazi iimpawu zetyhefu yotywala ukuze ufune unyango. Umntu onetyhefu yotywala unokufumana oku kulandelayo:

  • Ndiziva ndididekile okanye ndibhidekile
  • ukusilela kakhulu kolungelelwaniso
  • ukugabha
  • ukuphefumla ngokungaqhelekanga (imizuzwana eli-10 okanye nangaphezulu phakathi komphefumlo ngamnye)
  • ukuphefumla okucothayo (ngaphantsi kwesi-8 sokuphefumla ngomzuzu)
  • ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinci
  • Ulusu olubandayo okanye olugobileyo kwaye lunokubonakala lubala okanye luhlaza
  • ukunciphisa ubushushu bomzimba (hypothermia)
  • ukuxhuzula
  • ukuba nolwazi kodwa ungaphenduli (ukulala)
  • unengxaki yokuhlala uphaphile okanye uhlale unolwazi
  • ukudlula kwaye akunakuvuswa ngokulula

Unyango

Unyango olunetyhefu lwotywala lwenziwa esibhedlele. Kubandakanya ukubonelela ngononophelo kunye nokhathalelo oluxhasayo ngelixa utywala bususwe emzimbeni. Unyango lunokubandakanya:

  • i-intravenous (IV) ulwelo ukugcina amanqanaba e-hydration, iswekile yegazi, kunye neevithamini
  • intubation okanye unyango lweoksijini ukunceda ngokuphefumla kunye nokukhathazeka
  • ukugungxula okanye ukumpompa isisu ukucoca utywala emzimbeni
  • hemodialysis, inkqubo ebalekisa ukususwa kotywala egazini

Uthintelo

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela ityhefu yotywala kukusela ngendlela efanelekileyo. Landela ezi ngcebiso zingezantsi:


  • Sela utywala ngokumodareyitha. Ngokubanzi, ezi ziselo ezimbini ngosuku ngamadoda kwaye enye ngosuku ngabafazi.
  • Kuphephe ukusela ungatyanga. Ukuba nesisu esipheleleyo kunokunceda ukucothisa ukuselwa kotywala.
  • Sela amanzi. Ukuba awuselanga, zama ukunamathela kwisiselo esinye iyure nganye. Sela iglasi yamanzi emva kwesiselo ngasinye.
  • Yiba noxanduva. Gcina umkhondo wokuba zingaphi iziselo ozisebenzisileyo. Thintela naziphi na iziselo ezinemixholo engaziwayo.
  • Musa ukuzinkcinkca ngotywala. Yiphephe imisebenzi okanye imidlalo yokusela enokukucinezela ukuba uzinkcinkce ngotywala.
  • Yazi amayeza akho. Ukuba uthatha naliphi na iyeza okanye amayeza okanye ikhawuntareta, qaphela naziphi na izilumkiso malunga nokusela utywala.

Nini ukuya kwi-ER

Ityhefu yotywala yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Ingakhokelela kwiingxaki ezinjengokukrwitshwa, ukonakala kwengqondo, kunye nokufa. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lonyango lunokunceda ukuthintela ezi ngxaki ekubeni zenzeke.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntu unetyhefu yotywala, ungathandabuzi ukufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba umntu onetyhefu yotywala angangabinazo zonke iimpawu. Xa ungathandabuzeki, tsalela umnxeba ku-911.

Ngelixa ulinde uncedo ukuba lufike, ungenza oku kulandelayo:

  • Musa ukumshiya yedwa umntu, ngakumbi ukuba akakho zingqondweni.
  • Ukuba umntu unolwazi, mxelele ukuba uzama ukunceda.
  • Zama ukubagcina bephaphile. Banike amanzi ukuze basele.
  • Bancede ukuba bayahlanza. Zama ukuzigcina zime nkqo, kodwa ukuba kufuneka zilale phantsi, jika iintloko zazo ecaleni ukunqanda ukuminka.
  • Kuba i-hypothermia iluphawu lwetyhefu yotywala, mgqume ngengubo umntu ukuba ikhona.
  • Zilungiselele ukunika iipededics iinkcukacha ezininzi kangangoko unakho malunga nokuba umntu ubutyile kangakanani utywala kwaye luhlobo luni lotywala olo.

Umgca wezantsi

Ityhefu yotywala yenzeka xa usela kakhulu utywala ngokukhawuleza. Ingakhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu kunye nokufa. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntu unetyhefu yotywala, soloko ubiza u-911.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba usela ngokufanelekileyo kunokuthintela ukutyhefa utywala. Soloko usela ngobungcathu, kwaye ugcine umkhondo wenani leziselo osele unazo. Thintela naziphi na iziselo ezinemixholo engaziwayo.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo usebenzisa kakubi utywala, ungaze ube madolw 'anzima ukufuna uncedo. Nazi ezinye izixhobo zokuqala ezifanelekileyo:

  • Tsalela umnxeba kwi-800-662-HELP ngolwazi olusimahla noluyimfihlo 24/7.
  • Ndwendwela i-National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism’s Treatment Navigator ukuze ufumane unyango olufutshane nawe.

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