Yintoni iHypokinesia kwaye ichaphazela njani uMzimba?

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Iimpawu zeemoto
• Iimpawu ezingezizo ezemoto
• Zeziphi iimeko ezibangela hypokinesia?
• Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo onokukhetha kuzo?
• Ngaba i-hypokinesia inokukhokelela nakwezinye iingxaki zokuhamba?
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Yintoni ihipokinesia?

I-Hypokinesia luhlobo lokuhamba okungahambi kakuhle. Ngokukodwa kuthetha ukuba iintshukumo zakho zine "amplitude eyehlileyo" okanye azikho nkulu njengoko ubulindele ukuba zibe njalo.

I-Hypokinesia inxulumene ne-akinesia, okuthetha ukungabikho kwentshukumo, kunye ne-bradykinesia, okuthetha ukucotha kokuhamba. Amagama amathathu ahlala eqokelelwa kunye kwaye abhekiswa kuwo phantsi kwegama elithi bradykinesia. Ezi ngxaki zokuhamba zihlala zilinganiswa nesifo sika-Parkinson.

I-Hypokinesia licala le-flip lekota ye-hyperkinesia. I-Hypokinesia yenzeka xa ushukuma kakhulu, kwaye i-hyperkinesia yenzeka xa uneentshukumo ezininzi ezingazibandakanyiyo.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

I-Hypokinesia ihlala ibonwa kunye ne-akinesia kunye ne-bradykinesia. Kunye nengxaki zolawulo lweemoto, olu manyano lweengxaki lunokuza neempawu ezahlukeneyo ezingezizo ezemoto. Oku kudityaniswa kweempawu kuhlala kunxulunyaniswa nesifo sikaParkinson.

Iimpawu zeemoto

Ukuhamba okungaqhelekanga kunokubonisa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wakho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Ezinye iindlela zibandakanya:

• ukujonga okungabonakali ebusweni bakho (hypomimia)
• kunciphise ukudanyaza
• ukujonga okungenanto emehlweni akho
• intetho ethambileyo (i-hypophonia) kunye nelahleko ye-inflection (aprosody)
• ukuhlahlela amathe kuba uyeka ukuginya ngokuzenzekelayo
• ukunyusa amagxa kancinci kunye nokuphakamisa ingalo
• ukugubha okungalawulwayo (ukungcangcazela)
• encinci, yokubhala kancinci (micrographia)
• ukuncipha kwengalo xa kuhamba
• ukucotha, ukushukuma okuncinci xa uvula kwaye uvale izandla zakho okanye ucofa iminwe yakho
• ukungahambi kakuhle kokucheba, ukuhlamba amazinyo, okanye ukuthambisa
• ukucotha, ukuhamba kancinci xa unyathela iinyawo zakho okanye ucofa iinzwane
• ukuma okuguqukayo
• ucotha, ushukuma
• ubunzima bokuqalisa okanye ukubanda ngexesha lokuhamba
• ubunzima bokuvuka esihlalweni, ukuphuma emotweni yakho, nokujika ebhedini

Iimpawu ezingezizo ezemoto

Iimpawu zengqondo kunye nezomzimba ezingabangelwa ngokukodwa yi-hypokinesia zihlala ziza ne-hypokinesia kunye nesifo sika-Parkinson.

Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukuphulukana nokukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi kunye nokugxila
• ukucotha kwengcinga
• ukuqala kwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• ukudakumba
• ixhala
• psychosis okanye ezinye iimeko zengqondo
• ukuphazamiseka kokulala
• ukudinwa
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi xa umile
• ukuqhina
• Intlungu engachazekiyo
• ukulahleka kwevumba
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile
• ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukuziva “ngezikhonkwane neenaliti”

Zeziphi iimeko ezibangela hypokinesia?

I-Hypokinesia ihlala ibonwa kwisifo sika-Parkinson okanye kwii-syndromes ezinjenge-Parkinson. Kodwa inokuba luphawu lwezinye iimeko:

Ischizophrenia kunye nezinye iimeko zokuqonda zihlala ziza neengxaki zomsebenzi weemoto ezinje ngehypokinesia. Ezi ngxaki zentshukumo zinokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho "azithethi" ngokuchanekileyo.

Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kunye nemizimba yeLeyy luhlobo lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Iimpawu zingabandakanya i-hallucinations ebonakalayo, iingxaki zengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba njenge-hypokinesia, ukuwa okuphindaphindiweyo, ukuphelelwa ngamandla, ukukhohlisa, ukuphazamiseka kokulala kunye nokudakumba.

Inkqubo emininzi ye-atrophy liqela lokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ebangela i-hypokinesia, ukungqinelani, utshintsho lwentetho, ukuqina, ubuthathaka, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile, iingxaki zomchamo, kunye nesiyezi xa umile.

Ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo senyukliya kukuphazamiseka okunempawu zeemoto ezifanayo nezo zikaParkinson. Uphawu lomqathango kukungakwazi ukuhambisa amehlo akho phezulu nasezantsi; Unokuba nengxaki yokugcina iinkophe zakho zivulekile. Unokuba nengxaki ngentetho kunye nokuginya, kwaye unokucinga kancinci.

Ukubetha kwi-hypokinesia okanye enye ingxaki yokuhamba. Xa isenzeka, i-post-stroke hypokinesia iba ngcono emva kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12.

I-Cortical basal ganglionic ukonakala sisifo esinqabileyo esifana neParkinson. Unokuba nokuqina kwelinye icala lomzimba wakho, ukushukuma kabuhlungu kwezihlunu, kunye neengxaki zokuthetha. Ngamanye amaxesha ingalo okanye umlenze wakho uya kuhamba ngaphandle kokuba "uxele" kuwo.

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo onokukhetha kuzo?

Unokhetho oluninzi lokunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi ukuba unehypokinesia okanye enye ingxaki yokuhamba enxulumene nesifo sikaParkinson. Isicwangciso sonyango esiqhelekileyo sinokubandakanya amayeza, ukuvuselela ingqondo okunzulu, kunye nonyango lomzimba.

Nangona kunjalo, akukho lonyango okanye unyango olufumanekayo ngeli xesha olunokucothisa okanye lokumisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.

Uninzi lwamayeza onyango lweempawu zeemoto ezonyusa amanqanaba e-dopamine kwingqondo yakho. Ezinye iintlobo zamayeza kunye nonyango zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu ezingezizo ezemoto.

Izinketho eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

ILevodopa iguqulwa ibe yi-dopamine kwingqondo yakho kwaye lelona nyango lisebenzayo kwi-hypokinesia enxulumene nesifo sika-Parkinson. Ihlala idityaniswa ne icarbidopa (Lodosyn), eliyeza elithintela ukonakala kwe-levodopa emzimbeni ukuze ifikelele kwingqondo.

Dopamine agonists lolunye uhlobo lonyango olonyusa amanqanaba akho e-dopamine. Zingadityaniswa nelevodopa. La mayeza abandakanya i-bromocriptine (Parlodel), igolide (Permax), pramipexole (Mirapex), kunye ropinirole (Requip).

I-Monoamine oxidase (MAO) -B inhibitors ukucothisa ukonakala kwe-dopamine kwingqondo. Bavumela i-dopamine yomzimba wakho ukuba isebenze ixesha elide. La mayeza aquka i-selegiline (i-Eldepryl) kunye ne-rasagiline (Azilect).

I-Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors ukucothisa ukwehla kwe-levodopa emzimbeni, ukuvumela i-levodopa ngakumbi ukuba ifikelele kwingqondo. La mayeza abandakanya i-entacapone (Comtan) kunye ne-tolcapone (Tasmar).

Iziyobisi zeAnticholinergic ukunciphisa i-acetylcholine yengqondo yemichiza kunye nokunceda ukubuyisela ibhalansi phakathi kwe-acetylcholine kunye ne-dopamine. La mayeza abandakanya i-trihexyphenidyl (Artane) kunye ne-benztropine (Cogentin).

Amantadine (Symmetrel) isebenza ngeendlela ezimbini. Yonyusa umsebenzi we-dopamine kwingqondo yakho. Ikwachaphazela inkqubo ye-glutamate kwingqondo yakho, ukunciphisa ukunyakaza okungalawulekiyo komzimba.

Ukukhuthaza ubuchopho obunzulu (DBS) lukhetho olukhethiweyo ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azikusebenzeli kakuhle. Isebenza ngcono ukunciphisa ukuqina, ukucotha, kunye nokungcangcazela.

Wena kunye nogqirha wakho niya kudlula naziphi na ezinye iimpawu zokungashukumi onokuba nazo, njengeengxaki zokuqonda, ukudinwa, okanye iingxaki zokulala. Ngokudibeneyo unokuza nesicwangciso sonyango esibandakanya amayeza kunye nolunye unyango ukunciphisa ezo mpawu.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa nonyango lomzimba, unyango lomsebenzi, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokunceda, okanye iingcebiso.

Ngaba i-hypokinesia inokukhokelela nakwezinye iingxaki zokuhamba?

Iindidi ezininzi zemiceli mngeni yokuhamba ibonwa kunye neentshukumo ezincinci zehypokinesia. Ezi patheni zingaqhelekanga zeemoto zihlala zifunyanwa kumntu onesifo sikaParkinson okanye enye yeempawu ezifana nezikaParkinson.

Imizekelo ibandakanya:

Akinesia: Ukuba une-akinesia, uya kuba nobunzima okanye ungabinakho ukuqalisa ukuhamba. Ukuqina kwemisipha yakho kuhlala kuqala emilenzeni nasentanyeni. Ukuba i-akinesia ichaphazela izihlunu zobuso bakho, unokuhlakulela ukujonga okufana nemaski.

Bradykinesia: Ukuba une-bradykinesia, ukuhamba kwakho kuya kucotha. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ungaqala "ukubanda" embindini wentshukumo kwaye kungakuthatha imizuzwana embalwa ukuba uphinde uphinde uhambe.

IDysarthria: Ukuba une-dysarthria, izihlunu ozisebenzisayo ukuthetha ziya kuba buthathaka okanye uya kuba nzima ukuzilawula. Ukuthetha kwakho kusenokungafakwanga kakuhle okanye kucothe kwaye abanye basenokukufumanisa kunzima ukukuqonda.

IDyskinesia: Ukuba une-dyskinesia, uya kuba neentshukumo ezingalawulekiyo. Inokuchaphazela ilungu elinye lomzimba-njengengalo yakho, umlenze, okanye intloko-okanye inokuchaphazela izihlunu kuwo wonke umzimba wakho. I-Dyskinesia inokubonakala ngathi kukubhabha, ukujija, ukujija, okanye ukusika kwentloko.

IDystonia: Ukuba une-dystonia, uya kuba neentlungu, ezinde zemisipha ezibangela iintshukumo ezijijekileyo kunye nokuma komzimba okungaqhelekanga. Iimpawu zihlala ziqala kwindawo enye yomzimba kodwa zinokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo.

Ukuqina: Ukuba uqinile, elinye okanye amanye amalungu omzimba okanye amanye amalungu omzimba aya kuba lukhuni ngokungaqhelekanga. Inqaku elinye lesifo seParkinson.

Ukungazinzi kwasemva: Ukuba unokungazinzi komzimba, uya kuba nengxaki ngokulingana kunye nokulungelelanisa. Oku kunokukwenza ungazinzi xa umile okanye uhamba.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Akukho lonyango lwehypokinesia. I-Parkinson sisifo esiqhubela phambili, oko kuthetha ukuba kuya kusiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kodwa awukwazi ukuqikelela ukuba zeziphi iimpawu oza kuzifumana okanye uza kuzifumana nini. Iimpawu ezininzi zinokukhululeka ngamayeza kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango.

Amava omntu ngamnye anehypokinesia kunye nesifo sikaParkinson sahlukile. Ugqirha wakho ngowona mthombo wakho wolwazi malunga nembono yakho.