Usulelo lwegazi: yintoni, iimpawu, izizathu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Ngaba usulelo lwegazi lubi?
• Izinto ezinokubangela usulelo lwegazi
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango njani

Usulelo egazini lungqamana nobukho beentsholongwane egazini, ikakhulu ifungi kunye neebhaktiriya, ezikhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi, ukonyuka kwentliziyo kunye nesicaphucaphu, umzekelo. Xa usulelo lungafunyaniswanga kwaye lunyangwe ngokufanelekileyo, i-microorganism inokusasazeka ngokuhamba kwegazi kwaye ifikelele kwamanye amalungu, anokukhokelela kubunzima kunye nokusilela kwamalungu.

Ubungqongqo bosulelo buxhomekeke kwisifo esosulelayo kunye nokuphendula komzimba womntu osulelekileyo, njengoko abantu abanamajoni omzimba athomalalisiweyo okanye angasebenziyo bachaphazeleka kolu hlobo losulelo kwaye unyango ludla ngokuba nzima ngakumbi.

Unyango losulelo egazini lwenziwa ngokubhekisele kwi-microorganism echongiweyo kuvavanyo lwaselebhu, kwaye inokwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane okanye ii-antifungals ngokwesindululo sonyango kunye neziphumo zenkcubeko kunye neprofayili yobuntununtunu beentsholongwane kwiziyobisi.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zosulelo egazini zibonakala xa kukho izixa ezikhulu zeentsholongwane egazini, ezinokubangela ukubonakala kweempawu kunye neempawu ezinje:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu;
• Ukwanda kwenqanaba lokuphefumla;
• Nciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
• Ukunyuka kwentliziyo;
• Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo okanye ukudideka kwengqondo;
• Isiyezi;
• Ukudinwa;
• Ukugodola;
• Ukugabha okanye isicaphucaphu;
• Ukudideka kwengqondo.

Ngokukhawuleza ukuba iimpawu okanye iimpawu zosulelo egazini zichongiwe, kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha ukuze iimpawu ezichazwe ngumguli zivavanywe kwaye kucelwe uvavanyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe usulelo egazini, kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo ingaqalwa kungekudala emva koko ukunqanda iingxaki.

Ngaba usulelo lwegazi lubi?

Usulelo lwegazi lubanzima ngokuxhomekeke kwintsholongwane echongwe egazini kunye nokukwazi komzimba ukuphendula kusulelo. Yiyo loo nto, iintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa, abantu abadala kunye nabantu abangasebenzi kakuhle amajoni omzimba kunokwenzeka ukuba bosulelwe ligazi eliqatha.

Ezinye iintsholongwane zinesifo esosulelayo, esikwaziyo ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zisasaze ukuhamba kwegazi, ukufikelela kwamanye amalungu kunye nokubonisa ukothuka okubangelwa sisifo septic okanye septicemia. Ukuba olu sulelo aluchongwanga ngokukhawuleza kwaye lonyango olufanelekileyo, kunokubakho ukusilela komzimba kwaye kukhokelele ekufeni komntu. Funda konke malunga nokothuka okubabazekayo.

Izinto ezinokubangela usulelo lwegazi

Usulelo egazini lunokuba sisiphumo solunye usulelo, njengosulelo lomchamo, inyumoniya okanye meningitis, umzekelo, ukuvela emva kotyando, ngenxa yosulelo lwamanxeba ogqirha, okanye ukubekwa kwezixhobo zonyango, ezinje ngeecatheters kunye neetyhubhu, ithathwa njengesifo esibhedlele, esimalunga nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Yazi ukuba yintoni usulelo esibhedlele kwaye ungaluthintela njani.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuchongwa kosulelo egazini kwenziwa ikakhulu kuvavanyo lwaselebhu olona njongo yayo iphambili kukuchonga into ekhoyo egazini, kwaye kuboniswa inkcubeko yegazi, edla ngokwenziwa ngexesha lokulaliswa esibhedlele.

Igazi eliqokelelweyo lifakwa kwisitya esibizwa ngokuba "yibhotile yenkcubeko yegazi" lize lithunyelwe elebhu ukuba lihlolwe. Ibhotile ibekwe kwizixhobo ezinakho ukubonelela ngendawo efanelekileyo yokukhula kwamagciwane. Iibhotile zihlala kwizixhobo zeentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10, nangona kunjalo, iinkcubeko ezilungileyo zichongiwe kwiintsuku ezi-3 zokuqala.

Emva kokufunyanwa kwesampulu, ezinye iindlela zenziwa ngesampulu enye ukuchonga iarhente eyosulelayo, ukongeza kwintsholongwane ukuze kujongwe ukuba zeziphi na izinto ezibulala iintsholongwane ezibuthathaka okanye ezinganyangekiyo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuchaza unyango Eyona ifanelekileyo. Qonda ukuba yenziwa njani i-antibiotogram.

Ukongeza kuvavanyo lwe-microbiological, ugqirha usenokubonisa ukusebenza kwezinye iimviwo zaselebhu ukuqinisekisa usulelo kwaye ajonge ukuba ukhuseleko lomntu lunjani, kunye nenani legazi kunye nomthamo weC-reactive protein (CRP) unokucelwa. Kwezinye iimeko, ukucocwa kwamachiza, inkcubeko yokufihla inxeba, ikhomputha ye-tomography kunye ne-ultrasound nayo inokucelwa, ezi zimbini zokugqibela zicelwe ukuba ziqinisekise ukuba i-microorganism inwenwele kwamanye amalungu.

Kwimeko yokosulelwa kukosuleleka ngegazi ziintsholongwane, kwenziwa uvavanyo lwe-serological kunye neemolekyuli ukuchonga intsholongwane, ukuxinana kwayo egazini, kwaye ke, ukumisela unyango, kuba iintsholongwane azichongwa ngenkcubeko yegazi.

Unyango njani

Unyango lwenziwa kumntu olaliswe esibhedlele kwaye lusekwa ngokuhambelana ne-microorganism echongiweyo egazini. Kwimeko yosulelo lwebhakteria, ukusetyenziswa kwezibulala-ntsholongwane kuyacetyiswa, oku kuchazwa ngokokujonga kobuntununtunu bebacteria. Kwimeko yosulelo lokungunda, ukusetyenziswa kwe-antifungals kubonisiwe ngokweziphumo ze-antifungigram. Ngokubanzi, ii-antimicrobials zilawulwa ngqo emthanjeni ukuze isenzo ngokuchasene ne-microorganism senzeke ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo.

Kungacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe amayeza ukunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye needosi ezisezantsi ze-corticosteroids kunye ne-insulin yokulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.