I-Ophthalmoplegia yangaphakathi yenyukliya

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo?
• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Yintoni unobangela?
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Izinketho zonyango
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ushwankathelo

I-ophthalmoplegia yangaphakathi yenyukliya (i-INO) kukungakwazi ukuhambisa omabini amehlo xa ujonge ecaleni. Inokuchaphazela iliso elinye kuphela, okanye omabini amehlo.

Xa ujonge ngasekhohlo, iliso lakho lasekunene alizukujikela kude njengoko kufanelekile. Okanye xa ujonge ngasekunene, iliso lakho lasekhohlo alizukujika ngokupheleleyo. Le meko yahlukile ngamehlo awelekileyo (strabismus), eyenzeka xa ujonge ngqo phambili okanye ecaleni.

Nge-INO, unokuba nombono ophindwe kabini (diplopia) kunye nokuhamba okungazenzisiyo ngokunganyanzelekanga (nystagmus) kwiliso elichaphazelekayo.

I-INO ibangelwe ngumonakalo kwi-medial longitudinal fasciculus, iqela leeseli zemithambo-luvo ezikhokelela kwingqondo. Kuqhelekile kubantu abadala abancinci nakubantu abadala. INO ikubantwana.

Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo?

I-INO yahlulwe yaziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili:

• Unilateral. Le meko ichaphazela iliso elinye kuphela.
• Amazwe amabini. Le meko ichaphazela amehlo omabini
• Amazwe amabini anamehlo aseludongeni (WEBINO). Le fomu inzima, yamazwe amabini ye-INO yenzeka xa amehlo omabini ejikela ngaphandle.

Ngokwembali, iingcali zikwahlule i-INO ngaphambili (ngaphambili) kunye nasemva (ngasemva) kweentlobo. Kwakucingelwa ukuba iimpawu ezithile zingabonisa ukuba ubuphi ubuchwephesha obonakeleyo. Kodwa le nkqubo iya isiba yinto eqhelekileyo. Ukuvavanywa kweMRI kubonise ukuba udidi aluthembekanga.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-INO kukungakwazi ukuhambisa iliso lakho elichaphazelekayo empumlweni yakho xa ufuna ukujonga kwelinye icala.

Ibinzana lezonyango xa ishukumisela iliso empumlweni lithetha “ukuthabatha.” Unokuva ingcali isithi unesiphene sokushukuma kweliso lokuthintela.

Uphawu lwesibini oluphambili lwe-INO kukuba elinye iliso lakho, elibizwa ngokuba "liliso lokuthimba," liya kuba nentshukumo yokubuyela umva nangaphandle ngokungazibandakanyi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi "nystagmus." Le ntshukumo ihlala ibetha nje ezimbalwa, kodwa kunokuba nzima kakhulu. INystagmus yenzeka kwiipesenti ezingama-90 zabantu abane-INO.

Nangona amehlo akho engahambi kunye, usenokukwazi ukujonga omabini amehlo kwinto oyijongileyo.

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubakho ze-INO zibandakanya:

• ukungaboni kakuhle
• ukubona kabini (idiploma)
• isiyezi
• ukubona imifanekiso emibini, omnye ngaphezulu komnye (nkqo idiplopia)

Kwimeko enobulali, unokuziva iimpawu nje okwexeshana. Xa iliso lokuhambisa lithatha ngelinye iliso lakho, umbono wakho uba yinto eqhelekileyo.

Phantse isiqingatha sabantu abane-INO baya kufumana kuphela ezi mpawu zincinci.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, iliso lokuthintela liya kuba nakho ukuguqula inxenye yendlela iye empumlweni.

Kwiimeko ezigabadeleyo, iliso elichaphazelekayo linokufikelela kuphela kumgca ophakathi. Oko kuthetha ukuba iliso lakho elichaphazelekayo liya kubonakala lijonge ngqo phambili, xa uzama ukujonga ngokupheleleyo ecaleni.

Yintoni unobangela?

I-INO sisiphumo somonakalo kwi-medial longitudinal fasciculus. Le yintsinga yemithambo-luvo ekhokelela kwingqondo.

Umonakalo unokubangelwa zizizathu ezininzi.

Malunga namatyala sisiphumo sokubetha kunye nezinye iimeko ezithintela ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwingqondo.

Ukubetha kungabizwa ngokuba yi-ischemia, okanye uhlaselo lwe-ischemic. Izitrowuku zichaphazela abantu abadala, kwaye zichaphazela kuphela iliso elinye. Kodwa ukubetha okuchaphazela icala elinye lengqondo ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela i-INO emehlweni omabini.

Malunga nelinye ityala eliphuma kwi-multiple sclerosis (MS). Kwi-MS, i-INO ihlala ichaphazela omabini amehlo. I-INO ebangelwa yi-MS kukwishumi elivisayo nakubantu abadala abancinci.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba i-MS yinkcazo yemeko, hayi eyonobangela. Kule meko, amajoni omzimba ahlasela i-myelin sheath ejikeleze kwaye ifake iintsinga zemithambo-luvo. Oku kunokubangela ukwenzakala kwisingxobo kunye nakwiimisipha zemithambo-luvo ezisingqongileyo.

Nge-INO, akusoloko kwaziwa ukuba yintoni ebangela umonakalo kwi-myelin sheath, ebizwa ngokuba yi "demyelination." Usulelo olwahlukeneyo, kubandakanya isifo seLyme, sinxulunyaniswa naso.

Ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela i-INO zibandakanya:

• encephalitis yenkqubo yengqondo
• Isifo sika-Behcet, imeko enqabileyo ebangela ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi
• I-cryptococcosis, usulelo lokungunda olunxulunyaniswa noGawulayo
• Isifo seGuillain-Barré
• Isifo seLyme kunye nezinye izifo ezithwala amakhalane
• lupus (inkqubo lupus erythematosus)
• ukwenzakala entloko
• amathumba engqondo

Izidumbu ezinje nge-pontine gliomas okanye i-medulloblastomas zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezibangela i-INO ebantwaneni.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Ugqirha wakho uya kuthatha imbali yezonyango kwaye enze uviwo ngononophelo lwezinto ezenziwa ngamehlo akho. Iimpawu ze-INO zinokucaca kangangokuba uvavanyo oluncinci luyafuneka ukuqinisekisa isifo.

Ugqirha wakho uya kukucela ukuba ugxile kwiimpumlo zabo, emva koko utshintshe ngokukhawuleza ukujonga kwakho kumnwe obekwe ecaleni. Ukuba iliso liyadlula xa ujika kwicala, luphawu lwe-INO.

Unokuvavanywa kwakhona ukuba ubuye umva kunye nokuphuma kwesohlo lokuthimba (nystagmus).

Nje ukuba kufunyaniswe isifo, ugqirha wakho angenza iimvavanyo zokucinga ukuze afumanise ukuba ukho phi umonakalo. I-MRI kwaye mhlawumbi i-CT scan inoku-odolwa.

Ukuya kuthi ga ebantwini kunokwenzeka ukuba babonakalise umonakalo othile obonakalayo kwi-medial longitudinal fasciculus nerve fiber kwi-MRI scan.

Ukucinga ngobuninzi beProton nako kunokusetyenziswa.

Izinketho zonyango

I-INO inokuba luphawu lwemeko enzulu ekufuneka inyangwe. Ukuba unesifo esibuhlungu, unokuya esibhedlele. Ezinye iimeko ezinje nge-MS, usulelo, kunye ne-lupus ziya kufuna ukulawulwa ngugqirha wakho.

Xa unobangela we-ophthalmoplegia yenyukliya eyi-MS, usulelo, okanye ukwenzakala, abantu babonisa ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Ukubuyiswa ngokupheleleyo kukuba ngaba unobangela wesibetho okanye enye ingxaki ye-cerebrovascular. Kodwa ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kukuba INO kuphela kophawu lweeurological.

Ukuba umbono ophindwe kabini (idiplopia) yenye yeempawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngenaliti ye-botulinum toxin, okanye iprism yeFresnel. Iprismes yeFresnel yifilimu encinci yeplastikhi enamathela kumqolo ongasemva weeglasi zamehlo ukulungisa umbono ophindwe kabini.

Kwimeko yokwahluka okungqongqo ngakumbi okubizwa ngokuba yi-WEBINO, ukulungiswa okufanayo kotyando olusetyenziselwa i-strabismus (amehlo aweleyo) kunokusetyenziswa.

Unyango olutsha lweseli lwe-stem luyafumaneka ukunyanga ukubulawa kwabantu, njengokuvela kwi-MS okanye ezinye izizathu.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

I-INO ihlala ifunyaniswa ngovavanyo lomzimba olulula. Imbonakalo ilungile kwiimeko ezininzi. Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho kwaye ulawule ngaphandle, okanye unyange, oonobangela abanokubakho.