Unyango lwe-Ductal Carcinoma yoNyango

Umxholo

• Ukunyanga i-ductal carcinoma engafunekiyo
• Unyango lwasekhaya
• Unyango lwenkqubo
• I-Chemotherapy kwi-ductal carcinoma engenayo
• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo
• Ukuthatha

Yintoni i-invasive ductal carcinoma?

Malunga ne-268,600 yabasetyhini e-United States bayakufunyaniswa benomhlaza wamabele kwi-2019. Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza webele lubizwa ngokuba yi-invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Inoxanduva malunga neepesenti ezingama-80 zazo zonke izifo zesifo somhlaza webele.

ICarcinoma ibhekisa kuhlobo lomhlaza oqala kwiiseli zolusu okanye izicwili ezifaka ngaphakathi kumalungu akho. I-Adenocarcinomas ziindidi ezithile zeecarcinomas ezivela kwizicwili zomzimba.

I-ductal carcinoma ehlaselayo, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukungenisa i-ductal carcinoma, ifumana igama layo kuba iqala kwimibhobho ethwala ubisi lwebele, kwaye isasazeke (okanye ingene) kwizicubu zamabele ezijikeleze. Ezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wamabele ongenayo zezi:

• I-carcinoma ye-ductal engabonakaliyo. Iakhawunti yeepesenti ezingama-80 zesifo somhlaza webele. Olu hlobo luqala kwaye lusasazeka ukusuka kwimibhobho yobisi.
• I-carcinoma ehlaselayo yelobular. Iiakhawunti zepesenti ye-10 yesifo somhlaza webele. Olu hlobo luqala kwii-lobules ezivelisa ubisi.

Ngelixa i-IDC inokuchaphazela abasetyhini nakweyiphi na iminyaka, ihlala ifunyaniswa kubantu basetyhini abaneminyaka engama-55 ukuya kwengama-64. Lo mhlaza wamabele unokuchaphazela namadoda.

Ukunyanga i-ductal carcinoma engafunekiyo

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumene ukuba une-IDC, qiniseka ukuba zininzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo.

Unyango lwe-IDC luwela kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili:

• Unyango lwasekhaya lwe-IDC lujolise kwizicubu zomhlaza webele kunye neendawo ezikufutshane, ezinje ngesifuba kunye ne-lymph node.
• Unyango lwenkqubo ye-IDC lusetyenziswa emzimbeni wonke, kugxilwe kuzo naziphi na iiseli ekunokwenzeka ukuba zihambile kwaye zisasazeka kwithumba lokuqala. Unyango lwenkqubo luyasebenza ekunciphiseni amathuba okuba umhlaza ubuye wakube unyangiwe.

Unyango lwasekhaya

Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zonyango lwasekhaya lwe-IDC: utyando kunye nonyango lwemitha.

Utyando lusetyenziselwa ukususa ithumba elinomhlaza kwaye kugqitywe ukuba umhlaza usasazekile kwii-lymph node. Utyando ngesiqhelo yimpendulo yokuqala kagqirha xa ujongene ne-IDC.

Kuthatha malunga neeveki ezimbini ukubuyisa kwi-lumpectomy kunye neeveki ezine okanye nangaphezulu ukufumana kwakhona kwi-mastectomy. Amaxesha okuphulukana nako kunokuba lide ukuba ii-lymph node zisuswe, ukuba ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwenziwa, okanye ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki.

Ngamanye amaxesha unyango lomzimba lunokucetyiswa ukunceda ukubuyela kwezi nkqubo.

Unyango lwe-radiation lukhokelela kwimitha ye-radiation enamandla ebeleni, esifubeni, ekhwapheni, okanye kwikhola yokubulala naziphi na iiseli ezinokubakho okanye kufutshane nendawo yethumba. Unyango ngemitha luthatha malunga nemizuzu eli-10 kulawula yonke imihla kangangeeveki ezintlanu ukuya kwezisibhozo.

Abanye abantu baphathwa ngemitha banokufumana ukudumba okanye utshintsho lolusu. Iimpawu ezithile, ezinje ngokudinwa, zinokuthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 okanye nangaphezulu ukuhla.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zotyando kunye nonyango lwemitha olufumanekayo kunyango lwe-IDC lubandakanya:

• lumpectomy, okanye ukususwa kwethumba
• imastectomy, okanye ukususwa kwebele
• I-lymph node dissection kunye nokususwa
• imitha yelanga yangaphandle, apho imiqadi yemitha ijolise kuyo yonke indawo yebele
• imitha yangaphakathi yebele, apho izinto ezinemitha ye-radio zibekwe kufutshane nesiza se-lumpectomy
• imitha engaphandle yamabele, apho imitha yeemitha zijolise ngqo kwindawo yokuqala yomhlaza

Unyango lwenkqubo

Unyango lwenkqubo lunokucetyiswa ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zomhlaza, kubandakanywa nakwiimeko apho sele zisasazeke ngaphaya kwebele okanye zisengozini enkulu yokusasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Unyango lwenkqubo enjalo unyango lwe-chemotherapy lunokunikwa ukunciphisa i-tumor (s) ngaphambi kotyando, okanye kunokunikwa emva kotyando, kuxhomekeke kwimeko.

Unyango lwenkqubo ye-IDC lubandakanya:

• ichemotherapy
• Unyango lwehomoni
• unyango ekujoliswe kulo

I-Chemotherapy kwi-ductal carcinoma engenayo

I-Chemotherapy inamayeza e-anticancer athathwa kwifom yeepilisi okanye afakwe kwigazi. Kungathatha ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu okanye ngaphezulu emva kokuba unyango luyekile ukubuyela kwimeko yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi, ezinjengokonakala kwentliziyo, ukudibana kwamalungu kunye nokudinwa.

Zininzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zamachiza onyango lwe-chemotherapy ukunyanga i-ICD enjenge-paclitaxel (Taxol) kunye ne-doxorubicin (Adriamycin). Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga noko kukulungele.

Unyango lweHormonal lwe-ductal carcinoma ehlaselayo

Unyango lweHormonal lusetyenziselwa ukunyanga iiseli zomhlaza ezinee-receptors ze-estrogen okanye iprogesterone, okanye zombini. Ubukho bala mahormoni bunokukhuthaza iiseli zomhlaza wamabele ukuba zande.

Unyango lweHormonal lususa okanye luthintele la mahomoni ukunceda ukukhusela umhlaza ekukhuleni. Unyango lweHormonal lunokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubandakanya ukukhanya kunye nokudinwa, kwaye kuthatha ixesha elingakanani kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga emva kokugqiba unyango kunokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwichiza kunye nobude bolawulo.

Amanye amayeza onyango lwe-hormonal athathwa rhoqo kangangeminyaka emihlanu okanye nangaphezulu. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuthatha naphi na ukusuka kwiinyanga ezininzi ukuya kunyaka okanye nangaphezulu ukunxiba emva kokuba unyango luyekile.

Iindidi zonyango lwehomoni zibandakanya:

• Iimodulators ezikhethiweyo ze-estrogen-receptor, ezithintela umphumo we-estrogen kwibele
• aromatase inhibitors, ezinciphisa i-estrogen kubafazi be-postmenopausal
• i-estrogen-receptor down-regulators, ecutha ii-estrogen receptors
• amayeza okucinezela ama-ovari, amisa okwethutyana ii-ovari kwimveliso ye-estrogen

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza wamabele ngokungenelela kwiiproteni ezithile ngaphakathi kweseli ezichaphazela ukukhula. Ezinye iiproteni ekujoliswe kuzo zezi:

• HER2
• VEGF

Ukuthatha

I-ductal carcinoma ehlaselayo lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wamabele. Xa kuziwa kunyango, kukho unyango lwasekhaya olujolise kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba kunye nonyango lwenkqubo oluchaphazela umzimba uphela okanye iinkqubo ezininzi zamalungu.

Ngaphezulu kolunye uhlobo lonyango olunokufuneka ukunyanga umhlaza wamabele ngokufanelekileyo. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nohlobo lonyango olulungele wena kunye neyona nto ilungileyo kwinqanaba lakho lomhlaza wamabele.