Bomvu okanye Mhlophe: Luhlobo luni lwenyama Inyama yehagu?

Umxholo

• Umahluko phakathi kwenyama ebomvu nomhlophe
• Udidi lwesayensi lwengulube
• Ukwahlulahlulwa ngokwenkcubeko yehagu
• Umgca wezantsi

Inyama yehagu yeyona nto ityiweyo emhlabeni (1).

Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuthandwa kwayo kwihlabathi liphela, abantu abaninzi abaqinisekanga malunga nokuhlelwa kwayo ngokuchanekileyo.

Kungenxa yokuba abanye beyibeka njengenyama ebomvu, ngelixa abanye beyithatha njengenyama emhlophe.

Eli nqaku livavanya ukuba inyama yehagu imhlophe okanye inyama ebomvu.

Umahluko phakathi kwenyama ebomvu nomhlophe

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kombala obomvu nomhlophe wenyama yimalini ye-myoglobin efumaneka kwimisipha yesilwanyana.

I-Myoglobin yiprotein ekwizihlunu zemisipha ezibopha ioksijini ukuze isetyenziselwe amandla.

Kwinyama, i-myoglobin iba ngumbala ophambili onoxanduva lombala wayo, njengoko ivelisa ithoni ebomvu xa idibana neoksijini (, 3).

Inyama ebomvu inomxholo ophezulu we-myoglobin kunenyama emhlophe, yiyo loo nto icwangcisa imibala yabo.

Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezahlukeneyo zinokuchaphazela umbala wenyama, njengobudala besilwanyana, iintlobo, isini, ukutya, kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi (3).

Umzekelo, izihlunu ezenziweyo zinoxinzelelo lwe-myoglobin ephezulu kuba zifuna ioksijini engaphezulu ukuze isebenze. Oku kuthetha ukuba inyama ephuma kubo iya kuba mnyama.

Ngaphaya koko, ukupakisha kunye nokulungisa iindlela kunokukhokelela kukwahluka kwembala yenyama (, 3).

Umbala ogqwesileyo wenyama eluhlaza kwinyama yenkomo, imvana, inyama yehagu, kunye ne-veal kufuneka ibomvu, i-cherry ebomvu, i-cherry ebomvu, i-grey-pinki, kunye nepinki emhlophe ngokulandelelana. Ngokuphathelene neenkukhu eziluhlaza, zinokwahluka ukusuka kumbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuya kumthubi (3).

I-Myoglobin yiprotein ejongene nombala obomvu wenyama, kwaye yeyona nto iphambili xa uhlela inyama ebomvu nemhlophe. Inyama ebomvu ine-myoglobin eninzi kunenyama emhlophe.

Udidi lwesayensi lwengulube

Ngokwenzululwazi yoluntu kunye nabasemagunyeni bokutya, njenge-United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), inyama yehagu ichazwa njenge nyama ebomvu (1).

Zimbini izizathu ezibangela olu luhlu.

Okokuqala, inyama yehagu ine-myoglobin eninzi kuneenkukhu kunye nentlanzi. Kananjalo, yahlulwa yinyama ebomvu nangona ingenawo umbala obomvu oqaqambileyo-kwaye nokuba iyakhanya xa iphekiwe.

Okwesibini, unikwe ukuba iihagu zizilwanyana zasezifama, inyama yehagu yahlulwa njengemfuyo kunye nenyama yenkomo, imvana kunye nenyama yegusha, kwaye yonke imfuyo ithathwa njengenyama ebomvu.

Inyama yehagu ine-myoglobin eninzi kuneenkukhu kunye nentlanzi. Ke, uluntu lwenzululwazi kunye nabasemagunyeni bokutya abanjengo-USDA bayibeka njengenyama ebomvu. Kananjalo, ngokunikwa udidi lweehagu njengemfuyo kunye nezinye izilwanyana zasefama, inyama yehagu ithathwa njengenyama ebomvu.

Ukwahlulahlulwa ngokwenkcubeko yehagu

Ngokwesiko lokupheka, igama elithi inyama emhlophe libhekisa kwinyama enemibala embala phambi nasemva kokupheka.

Ke, ngokuthetha ngokungacacanga, inyama yehagu yahlulwa njengenyama emhlophe.

Ngaphezu koko, iphulo elisungulwe yiBhodi yeSizwe yeNgulube - inkqubo exhaswe yinkonzo yentengiso yezolimo ye-USDA- inokuba yomeleza esi sikhundla (4).

Eli phulo laqala ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1980 njengelinge lokukhuthaza inyama yehagu njengenye inyama engenamafutha, yaza ke yathandwa kakhulu sisiqubulo esithi, “Inyama yehagu. Enye inyama emhlophe. ”

Nangona kunjalo, gcinani engqondweni ukuba injongo yephulo yayikukunyusa ibango labathengi lokusika amanqatha asezantsi kwehagu.

Isithethe senkcubeko sichaza inyama yehagu njengenyama emhlophe ngenxa yombala wayo omthubi, ngaphambi nasemva kokupheka.

Umgca wezantsi

Inyama emhlophe nebomvu yahlukile kwinani labo le-myoglobin, iprotein ejongene nombala wenyama.

Inyama ebomvu ine-myoglobin eninzi kunenyama emhlophe, kwaye umxholo ophezulu we-myoglobin uvelisa umbala wenyama emnyama.

Nangona isiko lokupheka liphatha inyama yehagu njenge nyama emhlophe, yinyama ebomvu ngokwenzululwazi, njengoko ine-myoglobin eninzi kuneenkukhu kunye nentlanzi.

Ukongeza, njengezilwanyana zasefama, inyama yehagu ihlelwa njengemfuyo, ekwajongwa njengenyama ebomvu.

Olunye usiko olucekethekileyo lwenyama yehagu luye lufane ngokutya nenkuku, kukhokelela kwisilogeni esithi, “Inyama yehagu. Enye inyama emhlophe. ”