Ngaba ukuvota kukubi kuwe? Kunye nezinye ii-FAQ

Umxholo

• Ewe yiyo
• Umphunga uyichaphazela njani intliziyo yakho?
• Umphunga uyichaphazela njani imiphunga yakho?
• Ukuphefumla kuchaphazela njani amazinyo akho neentsini?
• Ngaba zikhona ezinye iziphumo zomzimba ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe?
• Ngaba ukhona umahluko phakathi kokutshaya nokutshaya imidiza?
• Umphunga osetyenziswayo
• Ngaba ukhona umahluko phakathi kokuphuma kunye nokuJuja?
• Ngaba kubalulekile ukuba ulwelo lunenicotine?
• Kuthekani ngokuphunga intsangu okanye ioyile ye-CBD?
• Ngaba i-flavour fluid ibalulekile?
• Ngaba kukho izinto ezithile ekufuneka uziphephe?
• Ngaba zikho ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
• Buza uluhlu lwezithako
• Gwema ijusi yevape ekhethiweyo
• Itotot nicotine
• Sela amanzi amaninzi
• Hlamba amazinyo emva
• Ufanele umbone nini ugqirha?

Ukhuseleko kunye nefuthe lempilo yexesha elide lokusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes okanye ezinye iimveliso ezinomphunga azisaziwa kakuhle. Ngo-Septemba ngo-2019, abasemagunyeni baseburhulumenteni kunye nabezempilo baqala ukuphanda . Sijonge imeko kwaye siza kuhlaziya umxholo wethu ngokukhawuleza ukuba ulwazi oluninzi lufumaneka.

Ewe yiyo

Ukuvota kunemingcipheko, nokuba uthini na. Ukuqala ukusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes, okanye ukutshintshela kwisigarethi ukuya kwi-e-cigarettes, kwandisa umngcipheko weziphumo ezibi zempilo. Olona khetho lukhuselekileyo, ngokwe-American Cancer Society, kukuthintela ukukhupha nokutshaya ngokupheleleyo.

Uphando ngeziphumo zempilo yomphunga ziyaqhubeka, kwaye kungathatha ixesha ngaphambi kokuba siqonde umngcipheko wexesha elide.

Nantsi into esiyaziyo ngoku malunga nomphunga wamanzi kunye nangaphandle kwenicotine, kunye nentsangu okanye ioyile ye-CBD.

Umphunga uyichaphazela njani intliziyo yakho?

Uphando lokuqala lubonisa ukuba ukuphuphuma komzimba kubeka umngcipheko kwimpilo yentliziyo.

Ababhali bovavanyo lwango-2019 bachaza ukuba i-e-liquid aerosols inezinto, iiarhente zeoksijini, ialdehydes kunye nenicotine. Xa utsala umoya, ezi aerosol zinokuchaphazela intliziyo kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi.

Ingxelo ka-2018 evela kwi-National Academies Press (NAP) ifumene ubungqina obubonakalayo bokuba ukuthatha umsi kwi-nicotine e-cigarette kubangela ukonyuka kwentliziyo.

Ababhali bachaze ubungqina obulinganiselweyo bokuba uthatha ukukhupha i-e-cigarette kunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Zombini zinokuchaphazela impilo yentliziyo ngaphezulu kwexesha elide.

Isifundo se-2019 kuvavanywe idatha evela kuvavanyo lwelizwe phantse lwabathathi-nxaxheba abangama-450,000 kwaye abafumananga unxibelelwano olubalulekileyo phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-e-cigarette kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Nangona kunjalo, bafumanise ukuba abantu abatshayayo zombini iisigarethi eziqhelekileyo kunye nee-e-cigarettes banamathuba okuba nesifo sentliziyo.

Olunye uphononongo lwe-2019 olusekwe kuvavanyo olunye kwilizwe liphela lafumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-e-cigarette kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo wokubetha, isifo sentliziyo, i-angina kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Ababhali besifundo se-2018 basebenzise idatha evela kuvavanyo lwezempilo lwesizwe olwahlukileyo ukufikelela kwisigqibo esifanayo: Ukunyuka kwemihla ngemihla kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, kwanaxa kuthathwa ezinye izinto zokuphila.

Okokugqibela, iziphumo zentliziyo yokuphamba zibonisa ukuba i-e-cigarettes inokubangela umngcipheko othile kwintliziyo nakwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, ngakumbi kubantu esele benesifo sentliziyo.

Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi bagqibe kwelokuba, iyonke, umphunga kucingelwa ukuba awuyongozi entliziyweni kunokutshaya icuba.

Umphunga uyichaphazela njani imiphunga yakho?

Olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ukuphuphuma kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kwimiphunga, kodwa uphando oluthe kratya luyafuneka.

Ngokukodwa, uphononongo luka-2015 luvavanye ifuthe leencindi ze-e ezinencasa kuzo zombini iiseli zemiphunga yomntu kunye neeseli zemiphunga kwiimpuku.

Abaphandi baxela inani leziphumo ezibi kuzo zombini iintlobo zeeseli, kubandakanya ityhefu, ioksijini kunye nokudumba. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ziphumo azinyanzelekanga ukuba ziphelele kubomi bokwenyani.

Isifundo se-2018 sivavanye ukusebenza kwemiphunga kwabantu abali-10 abangazange batshaye iisigarethi kwangoko emva kokuphunga ulwelo nokuba kungabikho nicotine.

Abaphandi bagqiba kwelokuba ukukhupha zombini kunye nangaphandle kwe-nicotine kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwemiphunga eqhelekileyo kubantu abaphilileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, olu phononongo lwalunobungakanani besampulu encinci, oko kuthetha ukuba iziphumo azinakusebenza kuye wonke umntu.

Ingxelo efanayo ye-2018 evela kwi-NAP ifumanise ukuba kukho ubungqina bokuba ukubonakaliswa kwe-e-cigarette kuneziphumo ezibi kwinkqubo yokuphefumla, kodwa ukuba izifundo ezongezelelweyo ziyafuneka ukuqonda ubungakanani bokuba umphunga unegalelo kwizifo zokuphefumla.

Okokugqibela, iziphumo zempilo yemiphunga akulindelwe ukuba zibonwe iminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30. Kungenxa yoko le nto kuthathe ixesha elide ukuba kwenziwe into engeyiyo kwimidiza yecuba ukuba yamkelwe ngokubanzi. Ubungakanani obupheleleyo beziphumo zezithako ezinetyhefu ye-e-cigarette zisenokungaziwa ngamanye amashumi amathathu eminyaka.

Ukuphefumla kuchaphazela njani amazinyo akho neentsini?

Ukuvumba kubonakala ngathi kuneqela leziphumo ezibi kwimpilo yomlomo.

Umzekelo, uphononongo lwango-2018 luchaze ukuba ukubhencwa kwi-e-cigarette aerosol kwenza ukuba amazinyo abonakale ngakumbi ekuthambekeni kweebhaktiriya. Ababhali baqukumbele ngelithi ukunyuka kwamanzi kungonyusa umngcipheko weemingxunya.

Olunye uphononongo olusuka ngo-2016 lubonisa ukuba ukuphuma kunxulunyaniswa nokudumba kweentsini, into eyaziwayo kuphuhliso lwezifo zexesha.

Kwangokunjalo, uphononongo luka-2014 luxele ukuba ukuphuphuma kunokubangela ukucaphuka kwiintsini, emlonyeni nasemqaleni.

Okokugqibela, ingxelo efanayo ye-NAP evela kwi-2018 iqukumbele bukhona ubungqina bokuba zombini i-nicotine kunye ne-nicotine-free e-cigarettes inokonakalisa iiseli zomlomo kunye nezicubu kubantu abangatshayiyo.

Ngaba zikhona ezinye iziphumo zomzimba ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe?

Ingxelo ye-2018 evela kwi-NAP ifumene ubungqina obubambekayo bokuba umphunga ubangela ukungasebenzi kweseli, uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative, kunye nomonakalo kwi-DNA.

Olunye lolu tshintsho lweselfowuni luye lwadityaniswa nokukhula komhlaza kwixesha elide, nangona kungabikho bungqina bokuba umphunga oonobangela umhlaza.

Ukuvota kunganeziphumo ezibi ezithile kumaqela athile, ngakumbi abantu abancinci.

Ingxelo yokuba ukuphuma ngenicotine kunokuchaphazela ngokusisigxina ukukhula kwengqondo kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-25.

Kungenzeka ukuba asikazazi zonke iimpembelelo ezibonakalayo zomphunga.

Ngaba ukhona umahluko phakathi kokutshaya nokutshaya imidiza?

Iziphumo zexesha elide zokutshaya icuba zibhalwe kakuhle, kwaye zibandakanya ukonyuka komngcipheko wokubetha, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga.

Ngokutsho kwecuba, ukutshaya kubangela ukuba umntu omnye kwabahlanu afe eMelika.

Ukuvota kunokubonakala lukhetho olunobungozi kubantu abazama ukuyeka ukutshaya. Nangona kunjalo, oko akuthethi ukuba akukho bungozi obuchaphazelekayo, nokuba i-vape liquid ayinayo i-nicotine.

Kukho ubungqina obunqunyelweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwiziphumo zexesha elide zokuphuma, kuba siyazi ukuba iimpembelelo zemiphunga zokuthamba kuya kuthatha amashumi eminyaka ukukhula. Kodwa ngokusekwe kumava ngecuba, iimpembelelo ezifanayo zempilo ezibandakanya i-COPD, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nomhlaza kunokulindelwa.

Umphunga osetyenziswayo

Ukuvezwa ngesandla komphunga we-e-cigarette kuthiwa ayinabungozi kakhulu kunokubhenca umsi wecuba. Nangona kunjalo, umphunga osele usebenze useluhlobo lokungcoliseka komoya okunokubangela umngcipheko empilweni.

Ngokwengxelo ye-NAP ka-2018, umphunga owenziwe ngesandla uqulethe inicotine, umba wezinto, kunye nezinto eziguqukayo zezinto eziphilayo (VOCs) kwizingxobo ezingaphezulu kwenqanaba elicetyiswayo.

Uphando oluthe kratya kufuneka lwenziwe ukuqonda iimpembelelo zexesha elide kwezempilo zokuvezwa komphunga we-e-cigarette.

Ngaba ukhona umahluko phakathi kokuphuma kunye nokuJuja?

Ukujula kubhekisa ekuphefumlweni ngohlobo oluthile lwe-e-cigarette. Ibeka umngcipheko ofanayo wezempilo njengomphunga.

IJuul yi-e-cigarette ecekeceke, engxande enokuhlawulwa kwizibuko le-USB.

I-e-liquid iza kwikhatriji ebizwa ngokuba yiJuulpod okanye iJ-pod, kwaye ihlala ine-nicotine.

Ngaba kubalulekile ukuba ulwelo lunenicotine?

Ukuvota akukhuselekanga, kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-nicotine. Kodwa ukuvelisa iimveliso eziqukethe inicotine kuya konyusa umngcipheko wokuba likhoboka.

Ukuxhomekeka kunicotine yenye yeengozi eziphambili zokuphuma kunye nenicotine. Uphononongo lango-2015 lubonisa ukuba abantu abavota nge-nicotine kunokwenzeka ukuba baxhomekeke kwi-nicotine kunabantu abavota ngaphandle kwe-nicotine.

Ukuvumba nge-nicotine kuyingozi ngakumbi kubantu abancinci. Abantu abancinci abavota nge-nicotine kunokwenzeka ukuba baqale ukutshaya icuba kwixa elizayo.

Nangona kunjalo, i-e-cigarettes isabeka imingcipheko yezempilo, ngaphandle kwe-nicotine.

Ijusi engenaNicotine inenani leekhemikhali ezinokuba yityhefu, njengamanzi asezantsi kunye neearhente zokunambitha.

Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba i-nicotine-free vaping inokucaphukisa inkqubo yokuphefumla, ibangele ukufa kweseli, kubangele ukuvuvukala kunye nokwenzakala kwemithambo yegazi.

Olunye uphando kufuneka lwenziwe ukuze kuqondwe iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokungaphefumli kwe-nicotine.

Kuthekani ngokuphunga intsangu okanye ioyile ye-CBD?

Ukuba uvape intsangu, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubandakanya:

• ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga
• imemori ephazamisekileyo
• ukusombulula iingxaki
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• ukwanda kwentliziyo
• ukuxhomekeka kwixesha elide

Kukho phantse akukho phando malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-vaping CBD. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezichaziweyo zokusebenzisa ioyile ye-CBD zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ukucaphuka
• isicaphucaphu

Ezi ziphumo zichaphazela ubumnene.

I-Marijuana kunye ne-CBD e-ulwelo zihlala ziqukethe ezinye iikhemikhali, ezinje ngesiseko sotywala okanye iiarhente zokunambitha. Zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifanayo nezo ze-nicotine-free e-cigarettes.

Ngaba i-flavour fluid ibalulekile?

Incasa yolwelo ibalulekile. Ingxelo ka-2016 ibonakalise ukuba uninzi lwamanzi e-vape anee-arhente zokunambitheka koxinzelelo ezinokubangela umngcipheko kubasebenzisi.

Olunye uphononongo olusuka ku-2016 luvavanye ngaphezulu kwe-50 e-juice flavour. Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba iipesenti ezingama-92 zeencasa ezivavanyelwe enye yeekhemikhali ezintathu ezinokuba yingozi: i-diacetyl, i-acetylpropionyl, okanye i-acetoin.

Abaphandi kwisifundo se-2018 bafumanise ukuba i-cinnamaldehyde (efumaneka kwi-sinamon), i-o-vanillin (efumaneka kwi-vanilla), kunye ne-pentanedione (efumaneka kubusi) zonke zineziphumo ezinobungozi kwiiseli.

Kunzima ukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba zeziphi iincasa eziqukethe izinto zokuphefumla, njengoko izithako zihlala zihlukile kuhlobo olunye ukuya kolandelayo.

Ukuze ukhuseleke, unokufuna ukunqanda ezi ntlobo zidweliswe ngezantsi:

• iamangile
• isonka
• itshisiwe
• iqunube
• camphor
• ikarmele
• itshokholethi
• isinamon
• iklokhwe
• kofu
• ilaphu lekhendi
• bukhrim
• isiqhamo
• imifuno
• ijam
• nutty
• ipanapula
• umgubo
• ebomvu eshushu
• iziqholo
• iswiti
• thyme
• itumato
• yetropiki
• ivanilla
• Ngumthi

Ngaba kukho izinto ezithile ekufuneka uziphephe?

Ukuba ukhathazekile malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokuphuma komphefumlo, unokufuna ukunqanda ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• acetoin
• acetyl propionyl
• acrolein
• acrylamide
• acrylonitrile
• benzaldehyde
• icinadaldehyde
• icitral
• crotonaldehyde
• yidayacetyl
• ethglillin
• Eucalyptol
• i-formaldehyde
• o-vanillin
• ipentanedione (2,3-pentanedione)
• Ipropylene oxide
• pulegone
• Vanillin

Ezi zithako zingasentla ziyaziwa njengezicaphukisayo.

Ngaba zikho ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?

Ukuba ukhathazekile malunga neziphumo ezibi zokuphefumla, zama oku kulandelayo:

Buza uluhlu lwezithako

Nxibelelana nomenzi ukucela uluhlu lwezithako kwi-vape fluid yakho. Ukuba umenzi akakwazi ukunika uluhlu lwezithako, kunokuba ngumqondiso wemveliso engakhuselekanga.

Gwema ijusi yevape ekhethiweyo

Iijusi ze-vape ezingathandekiyo mancinci amathuba okuba ziqulathe iiarhente zokuthambisa ezinokuba yityhefu.

Itotot nicotine

Ukuba usebenzisa i-vaping ukuyeka ukutshaya, kuya kufuneka unciphise kancinci idosi yakho ye-nicotine. Ukutshintshela kwi-nicotine-free vaping kunokukunceda ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Sela amanzi amaninzi

Sela amanzi kanye emva kokuba uvape ukukhusela iimpawu ezinjengomlomo owomileyo kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Hlamba amazinyo emva

Ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zomlomo emva kokuphuma, brasha ukucoca umphezulu wamazinyo akho.

Ufanele umbone nini ugqirha?

Akunakulimaza ukuthetha nogqirha okanye olunye uqeqesho kwezempilo malunga nemingcipheko yomphunga, ngakumbi ukuba sele unesifo esinganyangekiyo, esifana nesifuba.

Unokufuna ukwenza idinga nogqirha ukuba ucinga ukuba ukuphuma ngasemva kwayo nayiphi na impawu, njengokukhohlela, ukuphefumla nzima, okanye ukonyusa izinga lentliziyo.