Ithetha ntoni "iwindow yokuzikhusela kwi-HIV"?

Umxholo

• Uyokuyivavanyela nini i-HIV
• Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwefestile ye-immunological kunye nexesha lokufukama?
• Yintoni isiphumo esibi esibi?
• Ifestile yamajoni omzimba kolunye usulelo

Ifestile ye-immunological ihambelana nexesha eliphakathi kokudibana ne-arhente echaphazelayo kunye nexesha elithathayo emzimbeni ukuvelisa ii-antibodies ezaneleyo ezichasene nosulelo ezinokuthi zichongwe kuvavanyo lwaselebhu. Ngokubhekisele kwi-HIV, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba iwindow yakho yamajoni omzimba ziintsuku ezingama-30, oko kukuthi, kuthatha okungenani iintsuku ezingama-30 ukuze intsholongwane ifumaneke kuvavanyo lwaselebhu.

Kubalulekile ukuba wazi iwindows yosulelo ukukhusela isiphumo esingeyonyani ekukhululweni, umzekelo, ukongeza ekubalulekeni malunga nenkqubo yokunikela kunye nokutofelwa igazi. Ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba ngexesha leemviwo okanye ukunikelwa ngegazi, ulwazi olunxulumene nokuziphatha okuyingozi, njengokwabelana ngenaliti kunye neesirinji okanye ukwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kweekhondom, kwazisiwe.

Uyokuyivavanyela nini i-HIV

Ifestile yamajoni omzimba ye-HIV ziintsuku ezingama-30, nangona kunjalo kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kunye nohlobo lwentsholongwane, kungenzeka ukuba iwindow yokuzikhusela kwi-HIV ifike kwiinyanga ezi-3. Yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa ukuba uvavanyo lwe-HIV lwenziwe kwiintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuziphatha okuyingozi, oko kukuthi, emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kwekhondom, ukuze kubekho ixesha elaneleyo lokuba umzimba uvelise izilwa-buhlungu ezoneleyo ngokuchasene nentsholongwane ukuze ubonwe ngovavanyo lwe-serological okanye imolekyuli.

Kwabanye abantu, umzimba uyakwazi ukuvelisa izixa ezoneleyo zezibulala-ntsholongwane ezithile ezichasene ne-HIV malunga neentsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuziphatha okuyingozi, njengokwabelana ngesondo ngokungakhuselekanga, nokuba akukho zimpawu. Yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa ukuba uvavanyo lokuqala lwe-HIV lwenziwe ubuncinci kwiintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuziphatha okuyingozi, ngokuhlonipha iwindows, kwaye kufuneka iphindwe emva kweentsuku ezingama-30 kunye ne-60 emva kovavanyo lokuqala, nokuba ngaba uvavanyo belungenalo kwaye iimpawu ayivelanga.

Ke, kuyenzeka ukuba umzimba uvelise izilwa-buhlungu ezoneleyo ngokuchasene nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, ukubanakho ukuyifumana kuvavanyo kwaye ke kuthintelwe iziphumo ezingezizo.

Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwefestile ye-immunological kunye nexesha lokufukama?

Ngokungafaniyo nefestile ye-immunological, ixesha lokufukama lithathela ingqalelo iimpawu. Oko kukuthi, ixesha lokuxubusha le-arhente esosulelayo elinikiweyo lihambelana nexesha eliphakathi kosulelo kunye nokubonakala kweempawu zokuqala, ezahluka ngohlobo losulelo.

Kwelinye icala, ifestile ye-immunological lixesha phakathi kosulelo kunye nokufunyanwa kusetyenziswa iimvavanyo, okt lixesha lokuba umzimba uthathe ukuvelisa amanqaku athile (izilwa-buhlungu) kuhlobo losulelo. Ke, kwimeko yentsholongwane kaGawulayo, umzekelo, iwindows ye-immunological isukela kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-3, kodwa ixesha lokufukama liphakathi kweentsuku ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-30.

Ngaphandle koku, umntu onentsholongwane kaGawulayo unokuhamba iminyaka ngaphandle kweempawu zosulelo eqatshelweyo, ke kubalulekile ukuba usulelo lubekwe esweni amaxesha ngamaxesha kwaye uvavanyo lwenziwa emva kokuziphatha okuyingozi, ukuhlonipha iwindows yomzimba. Funda ngendlela yokuchonga iimpawu zokuqala zikaGawulayo.

Yintoni isiphumo esibi esibi?

Iziphumo ezingezizo ezingekhoyo yile yenziwa ngexesha lewindows ye-immune ye-arhente echaphazelayo, oko kukuthi, amajoni omzimba awakwazi ukuvelisa ii-antibodies ezoneleyo ngokuchasene ne-arhente eyosulelayo ukuba ifumaneke kuvavanyo lwaselebhu.

Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukuba wazi iwindows yosulelo ukuze iziphumo ezikhutshiweyo ziyinyani kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukongeza, kwimeko yezifo ezinokudluliselwa ngokudibana ngokwesondo okanye utofelo-gazi, njenge-HIV kunye ne-hepatitis B, umzekelo, kubalulekile ukuba ulwazi olunikwe ugqirha luyinyani ukuze kungabikho seroconversion ngelo xesha yotofelo, umzekelo.

Ifestile yamajoni omzimba kolunye usulelo

Ukwazi ifestile ye-immunological yosulelo kubalulekile ukuba wazi ukuba leliphi ixesha elifanelekileyo lokwenza uvavanyo kwaye uphephe iziphumo ezingezizo, kunye nokunikezelwa kwegazi kunye neenkqubo zotofelo-gazi, kuba ezi nkqubo zinokuzisa umngcipheko kulowo ufumana umnikelo xa umnikeli esengozini indlela yokuziphatha angakhange ayazise ekuhlolweni.

Ke, iwindow ye-immunological ye-hepatitis B iphakathi kweentsuku ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-60, i-hepatitis C phakathi kweentsuku ezingama-50 ukuya kwezingama-70 kunye nokusulelwa yintsholongwane ye-HTLV iphakathi kweentsuku ezingama-20 ukuya kwezingama-90. Kwimeko yegcushuwa, ifestile ye-immunological iyahluka ngokwamanqanaba esi sifo, nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, sele kunokwenzeka ukubhaqa izilwa-buhlungu ngokuchasene I-Treponema pallidum, iarhente yegcushuwa ebangela isifo, malunga neeveki ezi-3 emva kokosuleleka.