Oko Kuthethwa Ukubandakanya "X" Kumagama Anje ngeWomxn, Folx, kunye neLatinx

Umxholo

• Kutheni usebenzisa iX
• Ke Ithetha ukuthini iLatinx, Womxn, kunye neFolx?
• ILatinx
• Womxn
• Iifolthi
• Ndingayisebenzisa Njani kwaye nini?
• Ngaba le yindlela endinokuba ngumhlobo olungileyo ngayo?
• Uphengululo lwe

Xa ungaphandle kwezazisi zesini esahlukileyo, ezimhlophe, kunye ne-cisgender, umbono wokuchaza ukuba ungubani ungabonakala ungowasemzini. Kungenxa yokuba ezi nkcukacha zibonwa njengezingagqibekanga; nabani na ongaphandle kwezo zazisi ubonwa njengomnye "omnye." Njengomntu ongaphandle kommandla lowo, kundithathe phantse iminyaka engamashumi amabini ukuqonda ubunikazi bam-kwaye buya kuqhubeka ukuvela.

Ekukhuleni kwam, ndandizazi ukuba andingoMnyama okanye mhlophe; Andizange ndibe "yiSpanishi" njengoko umama wayesibiza, njengabantu basePuerto Rican kunye nenzala yaseCuba. Andizange ndithe tye, kwaye ubungqingili bam bucelwa umngeni njengomntwana ofikisayo. Kodwa ndakuba ndifumene igama elithi Afro-Latina, umhlaba wabonakala uhambelana kwaye wenza ingqiqo kum.

Bendinayo ngokulula ngokulinganayo. Akunjalo kuwo wonke umntu. Ulwimi lusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokunxibelelana nokuchaza; ikunceda ufumanise ukuba ungubani na, kwaye ikunika imbono ngehlabathi elikungqongileyo. Ngelixa iilebheli zinokubekelwa ecaleni, xa ekugqibeleni uyifumana ileyibhile oyichonga nayo, inokukunceda ufumane indawo ohlala kuyo, wandise imeko yokuba lilungu, kwaye uzive unamandla, uDella V. Mosley, Ph.D., unjingalwazi oncedisayo kwezengqondo IYunivesithi yaseFlorida yaxela ngaphambili Ubume. Kum, xa ndafumanisa ilebhile efanelekileyo, ndaziva ndibonwa. Ndiyifumene indawo yam kwi ihlabathi elikhulu.

Eli phulo lokudibana nokuba lilungu lethu kunye nabanye-yiyo loo nto ulwimi lukhula. Kungenxa yoko le nto sine "x".

Ingxoxo-mpikiswano ngo "x" ngokwemiqathango efana ne "Latinx," "folx," kunye ne "womxn" zininzi, kwaye zinokukushiya unemibuzo emininzi: "Ingaba u"x" ubandakanya ngakumbi? ukuwabiza la magama? Kutheni le nto ikhona nakhona? Ngaba sonke kufuneka siqale ukusebenzisa la magama? Thatha umphefumlo onzulu. Makhe sithethe ngayo.

Kutheni usebenzisa iX

Ukuyibeka ngokulula, "kubandakanya unobumba 'x' kupelo lwala magama emveli ijolise ekuboniseni iibhokisi zolwelo lwesazisi ngokwesini kwaye ibonise ukubandakanywa kwawo onke amaqela, kubandakanywa abantu abatshintshileyo kunye nabantu bemibala," utshilo u-Erika De La Cruz. , Umamkeli weTV kunye nombhali we I-Passionistas: Iingcebiso, iiNdaba kunye neeTwitter ezivela kubafazi abaPhishekela amaphupha abo. I-Womxn, i-folx, kunye neLatinx zonke zisetyenziselwa ukuvuma iintsilelo zolwimi lwesini-bhinary (intsingiselo, kuphela indoda okanye ibhinqa).

Kodwa isini sisiqwengana nje esinye sephazili; ikoloniyali ikwadlala indima enkulu. Ukoloniyali lwaseNtshona ngokwembali yayicinezele iinkcubeko ezazingafani. Ngoku, abanye abantu bafuna ukulungisa ulwimi (isiNgesi, kunye nokunye) ukujongana naloo nyani kwaye banike imbeko kwezi nkcubeko.

Lilonke, uphando malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe "x" kulwimi lubonisa ukuba kukho izizathu ezihlanu zokusetyenziswa kwayo, utsho uNorma Mendoza-Denton, Ph.D., ingcali yeelwimi kunye nonjingalwazi we-anthropology e-UCLA.

1. Ukunqanda ukwabela isini ngegama.
2. Ukumela abantu abangahambelaniyo nesini.
3. Njengomahluko (njengakwi-algebra), ke isebenza njengexesha lokugcwalisa elingenanto lomntu ngamnye. Umzekelo, ekusebenziseni u "xe" okanye "xem" kwii-neopronoun, udidi lwezimelabizo ezitsha ezinokusetyenziselwa nabani na, nokuba ungubani na.
4. Kuluntu oluninzi lwamakholoni - nokuba isiLatinx, abaMnyama, okanye amanye amaqela emveli - "x" imele yonke into ethathiweyo kubo ngamakholoni. Umzekelo, abantu baseMexico bazibiza ngokuba yiChicano/Xicano/a/x ngokuchaseneyo ne "Mexican" kuba ibonisa ukuchongwa kweengcambu zeMveli ngaphezu koko batheywe ngamakholonineli aseSpain. Olu luvo lwanabela nakubantu abaMnyama baseMelika ngokunjalo: UMalcolm X wayitshintsha ifani yakhe wayibiza ngo "Mncinci" (igama lomnini wamakhoboka ookhokho bakhe) yaba ngu "x" ngo-1952 ukwamkela imbali yobundlobongela obuchasene noMnyama obabufakwe kwifani yakhe, ngokwe uMbutho weMbali yeNgqondo yase-Afrika yaseMelika.
5. I- "x" ikwasebenza ngokungqalileyo kwiilwimi zesintu ezihlala zinabo okanye abaphulukana nesini sabo sesithathu. Umzekelo, uluntu lwaseJuchitan, eMexico, lubuyisela kwaye lubhiyozela isini sabo sesithathu "muxe."

Zonke ezi zizathu zibhekisa kumnqweno wokubaleka kulwimi olubini kunye nekholoni. Ekufumaneni ulwimi kwakhona, kulula ukuvula indlela yenkqubo ebandakanya bonke abantu.

Ke Ithetha ukuthini iLatinx, Womxn, kunye neFolx?

Ngelixa la magama mathathu, ngokukodwa, efumana ingqwalasela enkulu kwaye esetyenziswa rhoqo, ayingawo kuphela amagama akhoyo asebenzisa u-"x" - kwaye amaninzi amaninzi anokuguquka njengoko oku kuba yinto eqhelekileyo.

ILatinx

ISpanish kunye nezinye iilwimi zesiRomance zimbini ngokwendalo; umzekelo, ngeSpanish, ubudoda el / un / o buhlala busetyenziswa njengesiqhelo kubo bonke abantu besini, apho ibhinqa ella / una / kuphela isetyenziselwa ukujongana nabasetyhini nabasetyhini. Izichazi ezininzi zihlala ziphela ngo-o okanye -a ukubonisa isini somntu ezimbhekisayo.

Ke, abantu abachonga ngaphandle kwebhanari yesini banokuzifumana bephikisana okanye bengalunganga ngamagama emihla ngemihla, anje ngezichazi, kwezi lwimi- okanye, ngakumbi, kwilebheli yeLatino / a yokuchaza umntu ovela kwimvelaphi yaseLatin America okanye eyinzala. Ezinye iilwimi ezinje ngesiJamani nesiNgesi azinamkhethe, yiyo loo nto sikwazi ukusebenzisa "bona" ​​ngesiNgesi njengendawo yokusebenzela izimelabizo zesini.

Womxn

Ke kutheni utshintshe u "a" kwigama lomfazi? Igama elithi "womxn" lihlala lisetyenziselwa ukususa "indoda" emfazini. Oku kuyekisa umbono wokuba abasetyhini bavela emadodeni. Ikwagxininisa injongo yokubandakanya abafazi abangamakhosikazi / ababhinqileyo, bevuma ukuba ayingabo bonke abantu ababhinqileyo kwaye ayingabo bonke abantu abanamalungu obufazi abangamakhwenkwe.

Igama elithi woxn lidla ngokusetyenziswa ukuphazamisa iingcinga zobukoloniyali malunga nesini ngokunjalo. Umzekelo, intlalo yemveli kunye neyaseAfrika ihlala ingenjalo jonga iindima zesini kunye nesini ngendlela efanayo noluntu lwaseYurophu. Izizwe ezininzi zase-Afrika kunye nabemi Bomthonyama zazingumtshato kunye / okanye imatrilocal, intsingiselo yentsingiselo ejikeleze iiyunithi zosapho yayisekwe kumnombo kamama ngokuchasene notata. Abantu abanemimoya emibini (abahlukileyo, isini sesithathu) bebesoloko bebonwa kwizizwe zoMthonyama waseMelika, nangona isizwe ngasinye sinokuba nesaso isigama okanye ukuchongwa kweli gama. Xa abokoloniyali baseYurophu bathabatha amazwe aboMthonyama ngenkani bawenza amakhoboka amaAfrika, bakwacinezela kwaye benza ulwaphulo mthetho kwiindlela ezininzi zobomi. Intsapho yoosolusapho, yabamhlophe eyayihlonitshwayo esihlala kuyo namhlanje yayijolise ebantwini abaninzi, yiyo loo nto ukutshintsha ulwimi esilusebenzisayo ngoku kuyindlela yokubuyisa.

Iifolthi

Ngelixa igama elithi abantu sele lingathathi cala ngokwesini, igama elithi "folx" lisetyenziselwa ukubonisa ngokuthe ngqo ukubandakanywa kwabantu besini, i-transgender kunye ne-agender folks. Ngelixa "abantu" bokuqala bengakhupheli ngaphandle nabani na, ukusebenzisa "x" kungabonisa ukuba uyabazi abantu abanokuchonga ngaphandle kokubini.

Ndingayisebenzisa Njani kwaye nini?

Kuxhomekeka kwimeko. Ukukhuseleka, kububulumko ukusebenzisa u "x" xa ubhekisa kuluntu olukhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyabandakanyawonke umntu. Ukuba ukwindawo eguqukayo, yobufazi, okanye ye-queer space (nokuba ikwi-intanethi okanye i-IRL), licebo elihle ukusebenzisa igama elithi "womxn" okanye "folx" ukubonisa ukuba uyasihlonipha isithuba. "Ukukhwaza" ulwimi lwakho, ukuze uthethe, yindlela entle yokubandakanya.

Ukuba uchonga njengoLatina okanye umfazi, kufuneka utshintshe indlela ozichaza ngayo? "Lo ngumbuzo oqhelekileyo kwaye, ngokunyanisekileyo, inkxalabo kulabo abathanda izazisi zabo njengokuba kunjalo," kusho uDe La Cruz. "Ndikholelwa ukuba kufuneka siqonde ukuba umntu ngamnye kwinkcubeko yethu uye wahamba uhambo lwakhe lokuzamkela."

Intsingiselo, zilungile ngepesenti eyi-100 ukuba ungubani, nokuba yileyibhile ngaphakathi kwebhanari. Umzekelo, ndisazithatha njenge-Afro-Latina kuba yindlela endichonga ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ndithetha nabantu baseLatinx, ndiza kuthi "Latinx" endaweni yoko.

Uwabiza njani amagama ngo "x"? I-Womxn ibizwa ngokuba "ngumfazi" okanye "abasetyhini" kuxhomekeke kumxholo; ifolks isininzi, ibhengezwa njengo "bantu"; ILatinx ibizwa ngokuba yi "La-teen-x" okanye "Lah-tin-x," ngokwe-Medoza-Denton.

Ngaba le yindlela endinokuba ngumhlobo olungileyo ngayo?

Kukho izinto ezilula onokuzenza ukuze ube liqabane elingcono, kodwa ukwenza nje ezi zinto ngekhe kukwenze ulidlelane ngokuzenzekelayo. Ukuba lilungu konke malunga nokwenza ngokungaguqukiyo iinzame zokuncedisa intshukumo yokuphelisa ukuhleleleka. (Idibene: I-LGBTQ + Uluhlu lweenkcazo zesini kunye neenkcazo zesini Amanyeneyo ekufuneka eyazi)

Yongeza izimelabizo zakho kumaphepha eendaba ezentlalo kunye nokusayinwa kwe-imeyile yakho-nokuba awuchongi njenge-transgender okanye isini esingahambelaniyo. Oku kunceda ukuqhelanisa ukubuza kwezimelabizo kunxibelelwano lwemihla ngemihla. Yongeza "bona" ​​kwisigama sakho ukubhekisa abantu abangaqinisekisanga izimelabizo zabo. (Okanye, xa uthandabuza, vele ubuze abantu ukuba bakhetha ntoni! Khumbula ukuba akukho ndlela enye "yokukhangela" i-trans, i-gender non-conforming, okanye i-non-binary. Wonke umntu wahlukile.) Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nendlela yokuchaneka kwegrama ukusetyenziswa kwe "bona" ​​kukuba, mandikwazise kwiSikhokelo seSimbo seAPA.

Kwaye, ukuthetha ngokuphandle, ulwimi "oluchanekileyo" bubuqhinga. Xa amaqela ahlukeneyo abantu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo bethetha ulwimi ngokwahlukileyo, unokuyibona njani inguqulelo enye “elungileyo” okanye “ilungile”? Ukomeleza le ngcamango kuthintelwe kuphela kwabo bahlala ngaphandle kwemida "yesiNgesi esifanelekileyo," njengezithethi ze-African-American Vernacular English (AAVE) okanye ezinye iilwimi. UMendoza-Denton uthi okona kulungileyo: "Ulwimi luhlala luqhubeka kwaye luya kuhlala lukhula! Ungakhathazeki, isiZukulwana C, iminyaka engama-30 ezayo siya kusebenzisa amagama amatsha angekayilwa kwaye aya kubetha iingqondo zethu! "

Uphengululo lwe