Ileukemia

Umxholo

• Isishwankathelo
• Yintoni ileukemia?
• Zeziphi iintlobo zegazi?
• Yintoni ebangela leukemia?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni weleukemia?
• Ziintoni iimpawu zegazi?
• Ifunyaniswa njani i-leukemia?
• Luthini unyango lwe-leukemia?

Isishwankathelo

Yintoni ileukemia?

Ileukemia ligama elinomhlaza kwiiseli zegazi. Ileukemia iqala kwizicwili ezenza igazi ezinje ngomongo wethambo. Umongo wakho wethambo wenza iiseli eziza kukhula zibe ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Uhlobo ngalunye lweseli lunomsebenzi owahlukileyo:

• Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zinceda umzimba wakho ukulwa usulelo
• Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zihambisa ioksijini kwimiphunga yakho ukuya kwizicwili nakwizitho zakho
• Iiplatelets zinceda amahlwili ayeke ukopha

Xa une-leukemia, umongo wakho wethambo wenza inani elikhulu leeseli ezingaqhelekanga. Le ngxaki ihlala isenzeka ngeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ezi seli zingaqhelekanga zakha umongo kunye negazi lakho. Zixinanisa iiseli zegazi ezisempilweni kwaye zenza kube nzima kwiiseli zakho kunye negazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo.

Zeziphi iintlobo zegazi?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zegazi. Loluphi uhlobo lwe-leukemia onayo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweseli yegazi eba ngumhlaza nokuba ikhula ngokukhawuleza okanye kancinci.

Uhlobo lweseli yegazi lunokuba

• IiLymphocyte, uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi
• Iiseli zeMyeloid, iiseli ezingakhulanga eziba ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, okanye iiplatelets

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zinokukhula ngokukhawuleza okanye kancinci:

• Umhlaza wegazi ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ihlala isiba mandundu ngokukhawuleza ukuba ayinyangwa.
• I-leukemia engapheliyo iyacotha ukukhula. Ihlala iba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zegazi yile

• Ileukemia ye-lymphocytic Acute (YONKE), lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza ebantwaneni. Inokuchaphazela nabantu abadala.
• I-leukemia ye-myeloid (AML), exhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala kodwa inokuchaphazela nabantwana
• I-lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) engapheliyo, loluphi olunye udidi oluqhelekileyo lwe-leukemia kubantu abadala. Ihlala ivela ngexesha okanye emva kweminyaka ephakathi.
• I-leukemia engapheliyo (i-CML), okuhlala kwenzeka kubantu abadala ngexesha okanye emva kweminyaka ephakathi

Yintoni ebangela leukemia?

Ileukemia yenzeka xa kukho utshintsho kwizinto zemvelo (DNA) kwiiseli zomongo wethambo. Unobangela wezi nguqu zemfuza awaziwa.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni weleukemia?

Kwiintlobo ezithile, kukho izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokuphakamisa umngcipheko wokufumana olo hlobo. Ngokubanzi, umngcipheko we-leukemia uya phezulu njengoko uneminyaka yobudala. Kuqheleke ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-60.

Ziintoni iimpawu zegazi?

Ezinye zeempawu ze-leukemia zinokubandakanya

• Ndiziva ndidiniwe
• Umkhuhlane okanye ukubila ebusuku
• Ukutyumza ngokulula okanye ukopha
• Ukuthoba umzimba okanye ukulahleka kwesidlo
• I-Petechiae, amachaphaza amancinci abomvu phantsi kolusu. Zibangelwa kukopha.

Ezinye iimpawu ze-leukemia zingahluka kuhlobo kuhlobo. I-chromic leukemia ayinakubangela iimpawu ekuqaleni.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-leukemia?

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokusebenzisa izixhobo ezininzi ukufumanisa i-leukemia:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba
• Imbali yezonyango
• Uvavanyo lwegazi, olufana nokubala okupheleleyo kwegazi (CBC)
• Uvavanyo lomongo wethambo. Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili - umnqweno wethambo kunye nomongo wethambo. Zombini ezi mvavanyo zibandakanya ukususa isampulu yomongo wethambo kunye nethambo. Iisampulu zithunyelwa elebhu ukuvavanywa.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Genetic ukukhangela i-gene kunye ne-chromosome changes

Nje ukuba umboneleli enze uxilongo, kusenokubakho iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukubona ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na. Oku kubandakanya uvavanyo lwe-imaging kunye ne-lumbar puncture, eyinkqubo yokuqokelela kunye nokuvavanya ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Luthini unyango lwe-leukemia?

Unyango lwe-leukemia luxhomekeke kuhlobo onalo, ukuba nzima kangakanani i-leukemia, ubudala bakho, impilo yakho iphela, kunye nezinye izinto. Olunye unyango olunokubakho lunokubandakanya

• Unyango ngamayeza
• Unyango ngemitha
• I-Chemotherapy kunye nokufakelwa kweseli
• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo, olusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye ezinye izinto ezihlasela iiseli ezithile zomhlaza ngokungonzakalisi kangako kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo

NIH: IZiko leSizwe loMhlaza