Uvavanyo lweSibindi sokuSebenza

Umxholo

• Zeziphi ezona mvavanyo ziqhelekileyo zomsebenzi wesibindi?
• Uvavanyo lwe-Alanine transaminase (ALT)
• Uvavanyo lwe-Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
• Uvavanyo lwealkaline phosphatase (ALP)
• Uvavanyo lweAlbumin
• Uvavanyo lweBilirubin
• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi?
• Zithini iimpawu zengxaki yesibindi?
• Uyilungiselela njani uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi lwenziwa njani
• Umngcipheko wovavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi
• Emva kovavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi

Zithini iimvavanyo zomsebenzi wesibindi?

Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi, ekwabizwa ngokuba zii-chemistries zesibindi, ukunceda ukumisela impilo yesibindi ngokulinganisa amanqanaba eeproteni, ii-enzyme zesibindi, kunye ne-bilirubin egazini lakho.

Ukuvavanywa kokusebenza kwesibindi kuhlala kunconyelwa kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• ukujonga umonakalo kwizifo zesibindi, ezinjenge-hepatitis B kunye ne-hepatitis C
• ukubeka esweni iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza athile awaziwayo achaphazela isibindi
• ukuba sele unesifo sesibindi, ukujonga isifo kunye nokuba lisebenza njani unyango oluthile
• ukuba ufumana iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwesibindi
• ukuba uneemeko ezithile zonyango ezifana ne-triglycerides ephezulu, isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye i-anemia
• ukuba usela utywala kakhulu
• ukuba unesifo senyongo

Iimvavanyo ezininzi zinokwenziwa esibindini. Uvavanyo oluthile lunokubonisa imiba eyahlukeneyo yokusebenza kwesibindi.

Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziselwa ukujonga ukungaqheleki kwesibindi kuvavanyo lokujonga:

• i-alanine transaminase (ALT)
• i-aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
• i-alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
• ialbin
• bilirubin

Iimvavanyo ze-ALT kunye ne-AST zilinganisa ii-enzymes ezikhutshwa sisibindi sakho ekuphenduleni umonakalo okanye isifo. Uvavanyo lwe-albhamuin luthatha amanyathelo okuba isibindi siyenza njani i-albhamuin, ngelixa uvavanyo lwe-bilirubin luthatha amanyathelo okulahla i-bilirubin I-ALP inokusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya inkqubo ye-bile duct yesibindi.

Ukuba neziphumo ezingaqhelekanga kulo naluphi na olu vavanyo lwesibindi kufuna ukulandelelwa ukumisela unobangela wokungaqhelekanga. Nokuba iziphumo eziphakamileyo zinokudityaniswa nesifo sesibindi. Nangona kunjalo, ezi enzymes zinokufumaneka nakwezinye iindawo ngaphandle kwesibindi.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neziphumo zovavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi kunye nokuba zinokuthetha ntoni kuwe.

Zeziphi ezona mvavanyo ziqhelekileyo zomsebenzi wesibindi?

Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi lusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ii-enzymes ezithile kunye neeproteni egazini lakho.

Kuxhomekeke kuvavanyo, nokuba aphezulu okanye asezantsi-kunamazinga aqhelekileyo ezi enzymes okanye iiproteni zinokubonisa ingxaki kwisibindi sakho.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo zesibindi eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

Uvavanyo lwe-Alanine transaminase (ALT)

I-Alanine transaminase (ALT) isetyenziswa ngumzimba wakho ukwenza iprotein. Ukuba isibindi sonakele okanye asisebenzi kakuhle, i-ALT inokukhutshelwa egazini. Oku kubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-ALT anyuke.

Iziphumo ezingaphezulu kwesiqhelo kolu vavanyo zinokuba luphawu lokonakaliswa kwesibindi.

Ngokwe-American College of Gastroenterology, i-ALT engaphezulu kwama-25 IU / L (iiyunithi zamanye amazwe ilitha nganye) kwabasetyhini kunye ne-33 IU / L kumadoda kufuna ukuvavanywa ngakumbi kunye novavanyo.

Uvavanyo lwe-Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

I-aspartate aminotransferase (AST) yi-enzyme efumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba wakho, kubandakanya intliziyo, isibindi kunye nezihlunu. Kuba amanqanaba e-AST awachazwanga ngokonakaliswa kwesibindi njenge-ALT, ihlala ilinganiswa kunye ne-ALT ukujonga iingxaki zesibindi.

Xa isibindi sonakele, i-AST inokukhutshelwa kwigazi. Iziphumo eziphezulu kuvavanyo lwe-AST zinokubonisa ingxaki kwisibindi okanye izihlunu.

Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwe-AST luqhele ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40 IU / L kubantu abadala kwaye inokuba phezulu kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci.

Uvavanyo lwealkaline phosphatase (ALP)

I-alkaline phosphatase (ALP) yi-enzyme efumaneka emathanjeni akho, kwimibhobho yenyongo nakwisibindi. Uvavanyo lwe-ALP lu-odolwa ngokudityaniswa nezinye iimvavanyo.

Amanqanaba aphezulu e-ALP anokubonisa ukudumba kwesibindi, ukuvaleka kwemibhobho yenyongo, okanye isifo samathambo.

Abantwana kunye nabakwishumi elivisayo banokuba namanqanaba aphezulu e-ALP kuba amathambo abo ayakhula. Ukukhulelwa kunokuphakamisa amanqanaba e-ALP. Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwe-ALP luqhele ukuya kuthi ga kwi-120 U / L kubantu abadala.

Uvavanyo lweAlbumin

Ialbumin yeyona proteni iphambili eyenziwe sisibindi sakho. Yenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba. Umzekelo, i-albham:

• iyeka ulwelo ekuphumeni kwimithambo yegazi yakho
• wondla izicwili zakho
• ihambisa iihomoni, iivithamini kunye nezinye izinto emzimbeni wakho

Uvavanyo lwe-albhamuin lubala ukuba isibindi sakho siyenza njani le protein. Iziphumo eziphantsi kolu vavanyo zingabonisa ukuba isibindi sakho asisebenzi kakuhle.

Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwe-albhamuin yi-3.5-5.0 gram kwidesilitha nganye (g / dL). Nangona kunjalo, i-albin ephantsi inokubangelwa kukungondleki, isifo sezintso, usulelo kunye nokudumba.

Uvavanyo lweBilirubin

I-Bilirubin yimveliso yenkunkuma evela ekonakaleni kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Yenziwe ngesiqhelo sisibindi. Idlula kwisibindi ngaphambi kokuba ikhutshwe kwisitulo sakho.

Isibindi esonakalisiweyo asikwazi ukuqhuba ngokufanelekileyo i-bilirubin. Oku kukhokelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga le-bilirubin egazini. Iziphumo eziphezulu kuvavanyo lwe-bilirubin zingabonisa ukuba isibindi asisebenzi kakuhle.

Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwe-bilirubin iyonke i-0.1-1.2 milligrams kwidesilitha nganye (mg / dL). Kukho izifo ezithile ezizuzwe njengelifa eziphakamisa amanqanaba e-bilirubin, kodwa ukusebenza kwesibindi kuyinto eqhelekileyo.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi?

Uvavanyo lwesibindi lunokunceda ukumisela ukuba isibindi sakho sisebenza ngokuchanekileyo na. Isibindi senza imisebenzi emininzi yomzimba, efana:

• ukususa ukungcola egazini lakho
• ukuguqula izakha mzimba kukutya okutyayo
• ukugcina izimbiwa kunye neevithamini
• ukumisela ukujiya kwegazi
• ukuvelisa i-cholesterol, iiprotheni, i-enzymes kunye ne-bile
• ukwenza izinto ezilwa nosulelo
• ususe iintsholongwane egazini lakho
• ukulungisa izinto ezinokwenzakalisa umzimba wakho
• ukugcina ibhalansi yehomoni
• ukumisela amanqanaba eswekile yegazi

Iingxaki zesibindi zinokumenza agule kakhulu umntu kwaye zisongela ubomi.

Zithini iimpawu zengxaki yesibindi?

Iimpawu zesifo sesibindi zibandakanya:

• ubuthathaka
• ukudinwa okanye ukuphelelwa ngamandla
• ukuhla ukusinda
• i-jaundice (ulusu olutyheli namehlo)
• Ingqokelela yolwelo esiswini, eyaziwa njenge ascites
• ukukhutshwa komzimba (umbala omnyama womchamo okanye izitulo ezikhanyayo)
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• urhudo
• intlungu zesisu
• ukukrala ngokungaqhelekanga okanye ukopha

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi ukuba ngaba uneempawu zesifo sokuqina kwesibindi. Iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi wesibindi zinokujonga ukuqhubela phambili okanye ukunyanga isifo kunye novavanyo lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza athile.

Uyilungiselela njani uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi

Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika imiyalelo epheleleyo malunga nendlela yokulungiselela isampulu yegazi kwinxalenye yovavanyo.

Amayeza athile kunye nokutya kunokuchaphazela amanqanaba ezi enzymes kunye neeproteni egazini lakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukucela ukuba uphephe ezinye iintlobo zamayeza, okanye banokukucela ukuba ungatyi nantoni na kangangexesha eliphambi kovavanyo. Qiniseka ukuba uqhubeka nokusela amanzi ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Unokufuna ukunxiba ihempe enemikhono enokuqengqeleka lula ukuze kube lula ukuqokelela isampulu yegazi.

Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi lwenziwa njani

Igazi lakho linokutsalwa esibhedlele okanye kwindawo yovavanyo ekhethekileyo. Ukulawula uvavanyo:

1. Umboneleli wezempilo uyakucoca ulusu lwakho phambi kovavanyo ukunciphisa amathuba okuba naziphi na iintsholongwane kulusu lwakho ziya kubangela usulelo.
2. Baya kusonga umtya we-elastic engalweni yakho. Oku kuya kunceda imithambo yakho ibonakale ngakumbi. Baza kusebenzisa inaliti ukuzoba iisampulu zegazi engalweni yakho.
3. Emva komdwebo, umboneleli wezempilo uya kubeka i-gauze kunye ne-bandage kwindawo yokuhlatywa. Emva koko baya kuthumela isampuli yegazi elebhu ukuvavanywa.

Umngcipheko wovavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi

Ukutsalwa kwegazi ziinkqubo eziqhelekileyo kwaye kunqabile ukuba kubangele naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko wokunika isampulu yegazi unokubandakanya:

• ukopha phantsi kolusu, okanye ihematoma
• ukopha kakhulu
• isiqaqa
• usulelo

Emva kovavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi

Emva kovavanyo, ungahamba kwaye uhambe malunga nobomi bakho njengesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uziva utyhafile okanye unentloko encinci ngexesha lokutsalwa kwegazi, kuya kufuneka uphumle ngaphambi kokuba uphume kwindawo yovavanyo.

Iziphumo zolu vavanyo azinako ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba yeyiphi imeko onayo okanye inqanaba lomonakalo wesibindi, kodwa banokukunceda ugqirha wakho amisele amanyathelo alandelayo. Ugqirha wakho uyakukufowunela neziphumo okanye uxoxe ngazo nawe kwisithuba sokulandela.

Ngokubanzi, ukuba iziphumo zakho zibonisa ingxaki ngomsebenzi wakho wesibindi, ugqirha wakho uya kuwajonga kwakhona amayeza akho kunye nembali yakho yezonyango edlulileyo ukunceda ukufumanisa unobangela.

Ukuba usela utywala kakhulu, kuyakufuneka uyeke ukusela. Ukuba ugqirha wakho uchonga ukuba iyeza libangela ii-enzyme zesibindi eziphakamileyo, baya kukucebisa ukuba uyeke amayeza.

Ugqirha wakho unokuthatha isigqibo sokuvavanya i-hepatitis, ezinye izifo, okanye ezinye izifo ezinokuchaphazela isibindi. Banokukhetha nokwenza umfanekiso-ngqondweni, njenge-ultrasound okanye i-CT scan. Basenokuncoma i-biopsy yesibindi ukuvavanya isibindi kwi-fibrosis, isifo sesibindi esinamafutha, okanye ezinye iimeko zesibindi.