Ukuqonda iMetastatic Breast Cancer kwiiLungs

Umxholo

• Usasazeka njani umhlaza wamabele emiphungeni
• Iimpawu kunye neempawu zemastastasis yemiphunga
• Ukuchonga umhlaza webele we-metastatic
• Ukunyanga umhlaza webele we-metastatic
• Unyango ngamayeza
• Unyango lwehormonal
• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lomhlaza webele we-HER2-positive
• Imitha
• Ukunciphisa iimpawu
• Imbonakalo
• Iindlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko

Ushwankathelo

Umhlaza webele we-Metastatic ubhekisa kumhlaza webele osasazeka ngaphaya kwengingqi okanye yengingqi yemvelaphi kwindawo ekude. Ikwabizwa ngokuba sisigaba 4 somhlaza wamabele.

Nangona unokusasazeka naphi na, umhlaza wamabele usasazeka emathanjeni phantse iipesenti ezingama-70 zabantu abanesifo somhlaza webele, uqikelela ukuba iNethiwekhi ye-Metastatic Breast Cancer Network.

Ezinye iindawo eziqhelekileyo yimiphunga, isibindi kunye nengqondo. Nokuba isasazeka phi, isacingwa njengomhlaza wamabele kwaye iphathwa kanjalo. Phantse i-6 ukuya kwi-10 leepesenti zomhlaza webele e-United States zifunyaniswa kwinqanaba le-4.

Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lokuqala lomhlaza wamabele awususi zonke iiseli zomhlaza. Kunokubakho iiseli zomhlaza ezincinci ezishiyeke ngasemva, ezivumela umhlaza ukuba usasazeke.

Uninzi lwexesha, i-metastasis yenzeka emva kokuba unyango lokuqala lugqityiwe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuphindeka. Ukuphindaphinda kunokwenzeka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokugqiba unyango okanye kwiminyaka emininzi kamva.

Alukho unyango lomhlaza webele we-metastatic okwangoku, kodwa luyanyangeka. Abanye abantu basetyhini baya kuhlala iminyaka emininzi emva kokufunyaniswa kwesigaba 4 somhlaza webele.

Usasazeka njani umhlaza wamabele emiphungeni

Umhlaza wamabele uqala ebeleni. Njengoko iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zikwahlula kwaye zande, zenza ithumba. Njengoko ithumba likhula, iiseli zomhlaza zinokuqhekeka kwisisu sokuqala kwaye ziye kumalungu akude okanye zihlasele izicwili ezikufutshane.

Iiseli zomhlaza zinokungena kwigazi okanye zifudukele kwiindawo ezikufutshane ezantsi kwengalo okanye kufutshane nekhola. Kanye egazini okanye kwiinkqubo ze-lymph, iiseli zomhlaza zinokuhamba emzimbeni wakho nasemhlabeni kwizitho ezikude okanye kwizihlunu.

Nje ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zifike emiphungeni, zinokuqala ukwenza esinye okanye nangakumbi amathumba amatsha. Kuyenzeka ukuba umhlaza webele usasazeke kwiindawo ezininzi ngaxeshanye.

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zemastastasis yemiphunga

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zomhlaza emiphungeni kunokubandakanya:

• ukukhohlela okungapheliyo
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• usulelo lwesifuba oluphindaphindiweyo
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• ukuhla ukusinda
• ukhohlela igazi
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• ubunzima esifubeni
• ulwelo phakathi kodonga lwesifuba kunye nemiphunga (ukungxola)

Awunakuba neempawu ezibonakalayo ekuqaleni. Nokuba uyakwenza oko, usenokutyekela ekubagxekeni njengeempawu zomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane. Ukuba ukhe wanyangwa umhlaza webele kwixa elidlulileyo, sukuzihoya ezi mpawu.

Ukuchonga umhlaza webele we-metastatic

Ukuxilongwa kuya kuqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba, umsebenzi wegazi kunye ne-X-ray yesifuba. Olunye uvavanyo lokucinga kusenokufuneka ukubonelela ngombono ogcwele ngakumbi. Ezi mviwo zingabandakanya:

• Ukuskena i-CT
• Ukuskena iPET
• IMRI

I-biopsy inokuba yimfuneko ukunceda ukumisela ukuba umhlaza webele ugqibile kwimiphunga yakho.

Ukunyanga umhlaza webele we-metastatic

Xa unyanga umhlaza webele we-metastatic, injongo kukunceda ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa iimpawu kunye nokwandisa ubomi bakho ngaphandle kokuncama umgangatho wobomi.

Unyango lomhlaza webele luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, ezinje ngohlobo lomhlaza wamabele, unyango lwangaphambili, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke. Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba umhlaza usasazekile nokuba umhlaza usasazekile kwiindawo ezininzi.

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy inokusebenza ekubulaleni iiseli zomhlaza naphina emzimbeni. Olu nyango lunokunceda ukuncipha amathumba kunye nokuyeka amathumba amatsha ekubeni enze.

I-Chemotherapy ihlala ikukuphela kokhetho kunyango lomhlaza webele we-metastatic webele (i-hormone receptor-negative kunye ne-HER2-negative). I-Chemotherapy ikwasetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kunyango olujolise kwi-HER2 yomhlaza webele we-HER2.

Ukuba ubukhe wanayo ichemotherapy ngaphambili, umhlaza wakho usenokumelana nala machiza. Ukuzama ezinye iziyobisi ze-chemotherapy kunokusebenza ngakumbi.

Unyango lwehormonal

Abo banomhlaza webele onentsholongwane ye-hormone baya kuxhamla kumachiza athintela i-estrogen kunye neprogesterone ekukhuthazeni ukukhula komhlaza, njenge-tamoxifen okanye ichiza elivela kwiklasi ebizwa ngokuba yi-aromatase inhibitors.

Amanye amachiza, anjenge-palbociclib kunye ne-fulvestrant, anokusetyenziselwa abo bane-estrogen-positive, isifo se-HER2-negative.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lomhlaza webele we-HER2-positive

Umhlaza webele we-HER2 unokunyangwa ngeendlela zonyango ezijolise kuzo ezinje:

• mzantsiweb
• I-pertuzumab
• ado-trastuzumab emtansine
• lapatinib

Imitha

Unyango ngemitha lunokunceda ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza kwindawo ebekwe ngaphakathi. Iyakwazi ukunciphisa iimpawu zomhlaza webele kwimiphunga.

Ukunciphisa iimpawu

Unokufuna unyango ukuze unciphise iimpawu ezibangelwa ngamathumba emiphungeni. Unokwazi ukwenza oku ngo:

• ukukhupha ulwelo oluqokelela imiphunga
• Unyango lweoksijini
• stent ukuvulela indlela yakho yomoya
• amayeza entlungu

Amayeza ahlukeneyo afumaneka ngugqirha ukunceda ukucoca iindlela zakho zomoya kunye nokunciphisa ukukhohlela. Abanye banokunceda ngokudinwa, ukungabinamdla wokutya, kunye nentlungu.

Olunye lonyango luneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke emntwini. Kuxhomekeke kuwe kunye nogqirha wakho ukulinganisa i-pros and cons kunye nokugqiba ukuba zeziphi iindlela zonyango eziza kuphucula umgangatho wobomi.

Ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziqala ukonakalisa umgangatho wobomi bakho, unokutshintsha isicwangciso sakho sonyango okanye ukhethe ukuyeka unyango oluthile.

Abaphandi bafunda iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, kubandakanya:

• I-poly (ADP-ribose) i-polymerase (PARP) inhibitors
• I-phosphoinositide-3 (PI-3) kinase inhibitors
• I-bevacizumab (Avastin)
• Unyango lokuzikhusela
• ukujikeleza iiseli zethumba kunye nokujikeleza kwe-DNA yesisu

Uvavanyo lwezonyango ukunyanga umhlaza webele we-metastatic luyaqhubeka. Ukuba ungathanda ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi, buza ugqirha wakho ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Imbonakalo

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba akukho bungakanani obulodwa-bonke unyango lomhlaza we-metastatic. Ngokusebenza ngokusondeleyo neqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo, uya kuba nakho ukukhetha unyango oluthile kwiimfuno zakho.

Abantu abaninzi abanomdlavuza we-metastatic bafumana induduzo kumaqela enkxaso apho banokuthetha nabanye abanomdlavuza we-metastatic.

Kukwakho nemibutho yesizwe neyommandla enokukunceda kwiimfuno zakho zemihla ngemihla, njengemisebenzi yasekhaya, ukuqhubela kunyango, okanye ukunceda ngeendleko.

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nezixhobo, tsalela umnxeba iZiko loLwazi loMhlaza le-24/7 le-Cancer Society kwi-800-227-2345.

Iindlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko

Eminye yemingcipheko, njengokutshintsha kwemfuza, isini, kunye nobudala, ayinakulawulwa. Kodwa kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wamabele.

Oku kubandakanya:

• ukwenza umthambo rhoqo
• ukusela utywala ngokumodareyitha
• ukuba nokutya okusempilweni
• ukunqanda ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu
• engatshayi

Ukuba ngaphambili wawunyangwa umhlaza webele, ezo ndlela zokukhetha indlela yokuphila zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindeka.

Iingcebiso malunga nokuvavanywa komhlaza wamabele ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubudala bakho kunye nezinto ezinobungozi. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo zomhlaza webele ezifanelekileyo kuwe.

Fumana inkxaso kwabanye abaphila nomhlaza wamabele. Khuphela usetyenziso lwasimahla lweHealthline Apha.