Uxinzelelo kunye neentsapho zomkhosi

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zoxinzelelo kumajoni nakumaqabane abo
• Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lweemvakalelo kubantwana basemkhosini
• Impembelelo yoxinzelelo kwiintsapho zomkhosi
• Izifundo zoxinzelelo kunye nobundlobongela
• Ukufumana uncedo
• Linda.
• Thetha nomntu.
• Kulumkele ukwahlukana nabantu.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iziyobisi notywala.
• Yabelana ngelahleko nabanye.
• Q:
• A:

Ukuphazamiseka kwemood liqela lezifo zengqondo ezibonakaliswa kukutshintsha okukhulu kwemood. Ukudakumba yenye yeengxaki zesimo esiqhelekileyo ezinokuchaphazela nabani na nangaliphi na ixesha. Nangona kunjalo, amalungu enkonzo yasemkhosini asemngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhula kwezi meko. Izifundo zamva nje zibonisa ukuba uxinzelelo lubonwa ngokufuthi kumalungu enkonzo yasemkhosini kunasekuhlaleni.

Kuqikelelwa ukuba ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezili-14 zamalungu enkonzo afumana ukudakumba emva kokuthunyelwa. Nangona kunjalo, eli nani linokuphakama nangakumbi kuba amanye amalungu enkonzo awafuni kukhathalela imeko yawo. Ukongeza, malunga neepesenti ezili-19 zamalungu enkonzo axela ukuba bafumana ukonzakala kwengqondo ngexesha lokulwa. Ezi ntlobo zokulimala zihlala zibandakanya ukungqubana, okunokonakalisa ingqondo kunye neempawu zokudakumba.

Ukuthunyelwa okuninzi kunye noxinzelelo olunxulumene noxinzelelo alunyusi nje umngcipheko woxinzelelo kumalungu enkonzo. Amaqabane abo nawo asemngciphekweni okhulayo, kwaye abantwana babo kunokwenzeka ukuba bafumane iingxaki ngokweemvakalelo nakwindlela abaziphethe ngayo.

Iimpawu zoxinzelelo kumajoni nakumaqabane abo

Amalungu enkonzo yasemkhosini kunye nabatshatileyo banamazinga aphezulu oxinzelelo kunabantu ngokubanzi. Ukudakumba yimeko enzulu ebonakaliswa kukuqhubeka nokudakumba iimvakalelo zosizi ixesha elide. Esi sifo siphazamisayo sinokuchaphazela imeko yakho kunye nokuziphatha. Inokuchaphazela nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomzimba, njengokutya kwakho kunye nokulala. Abantu abanexinzelelo bahlala benengxaki yokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ngamaxesha athile, banokuziva ngathi ukuba ubomi abufanelanga.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokudakumba zibandakanya:

• ukucaphuka
• ubunzima bokugxila nokwenza izigqibo
• ukudinwa okanye ukungabikho kwamandla
• iimvakalelo zokuphelelwa lithemba nokungonwabi
• iimvakalelo zokuziva ungaxabisekanga, unetyala okanye uzithiyile
• ukubekwa wedwa koluntu
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla kwimisebenzi nakwizinto ezithandwayo ebezisoloko zimnandi
• ukulala kakhulu okanye ukulala kancinci
• utshintsho olukhulu kumdla wokutya kunye nokufumana ubunzima okanye ukulahleka komzimba
• Iingcinga zokuzibulala okanye indlela yokuziphatha

Kwiimeko ezinzima zoxinzelelo, umntu unokufumana neempawu zengqondo, ezinjengokukhohlisa okanye ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu kwaye ifuna ungenelelo kwangoko yingcali yezempilo yengqondo.

Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lweemvakalelo kubantwana basemkhosini

Ukusweleka komzali kuyinyani kubantwana abaninzi kwiintsapho zomkhosi. Ngaphezulu kwabantwana abangama-2 200 abaphulukana nomzali eIraq okanye eAfghanistan ngexesha leMfazwe ebisoyikeka. Ukufumana ilahleko etshabalalisayo esemncinci kakhulu kwandisa umngcipheko woxinzelelo, ukuphazamiseka koxinzelelo kunye neengxaki zokuziphatha kwixa elizayo.

Naxa umzali ebuya ekhuselekile emfazweni, abantwana kusafuneka bajongane noxinzelelo lobomi basemkhosini. Oku kuhlala kubandakanya abazali abangekhoyo esikolweni, ukuhamba rhoqo, kunye nezikolo ezitsha. Imicimbi yokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha ebantwaneni inokwenzeka ngenxa yezi nguqu.

Iimpawu zeengxaki zemvakalelo ebantwaneni zibandakanya:

• uxinzelelo lokwahlukana
• umsindo
• utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo
• utshintsho kwimikhwa yokulala
• ingxaki esikolweni
• ukonwaba
• umsindo
• ulinganisa
• ukubekwa wedwa koluntu

Impilo yengqondo yomzali wasekhaya yeyona nto iphambili kwindlela abantwana abajongana ngayo nokuthunyelwa komzali. Abantwana babazali abadandathekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuba bakhulise iingxaki zengqondo kunye nokuziphatha kunabo abazali babo bajongana noxinzelelo lokuthunyelwa ngokuqinisekileyo.

Impembelelo yoxinzelelo kwiintsapho zomkhosi

NgokweSebe laseMelika laseMelika leMicimbi yamaGqala, ama-1.7 ezigidi zamajoni ayesebenza e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan ekupheleni kuka-2008. Kula majoni, phantse isiqingatha sinabantwana. Aba bantwana kuye kwafuneka bajongane nemiceli mngeni eza nokuba nomzali othunyelwe phesheya kolwandle. Kwakhona kwafuneka bajamelane nokuhlala nomzali osenokuba watshintsha emva kokuya emfazweni. Ukwenza olu hlengahlengiso kunokuba nefuthe elinomdla kumntwana omncinci okanye kwishumi elivisayo.

Ngokwe-2010, abantwana abanomzali othunyelwe ikakhulu bachaphazeleka kakhulu kwiingxaki zokuziphatha, ukuphazamiseka koxinzelelo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwemood. Kananjalo kunokwenzeka ukuba bafumane ubunzima esikolweni. Oku ikakhulu kungenxa yoxinzelelo olufunyanwa ngabantwana ngexesha lokuthunyelwa kwabazali babo nasemva kokuba bebuye ekhaya.

Umzali ohleli ngasemva ngexesha lokuthunyelwa unokufumana imicimbi efanayo. Bahlala besoyika ukhuseleko lwamaqabane abo kwaye baziva besoyiswa luxanduva olonyukayo ekhaya. Ngenxa yoko, banokuqalisa ukuxhalaba, ukuba lusizi, okanye ukuba nesithukuthezi ngelixa amaqabane abo engekho. Zonke ezi mvakalelo zinokukhokelela kuxinzelelo nakwezinye iingxaki zengqondo.

Izifundo zoxinzelelo kunye nobundlobongela

Izifundo zamaxesha eVietnam zamagqala zibonisa ifuthe elibi lokudakumba kwiintsapho. Amagqala emfazwe ayenamanqanaba aphezulu oqhawulo-mtshato kunye neengxaki zomtshato, ubundlobongela basekhaya, kunye noxinzelelo lwamaqabane kunabanye. Rhoqo, amajoni abuya emfazweni aya kuhlala kubomi bemihla ngemihla ngenxa yeengxaki zemvakalelo. Oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima kubo ukukhulisa ubudlelwane namaqabane abo nabantwana.

Izifundo zamva nje zase-Afghanistan nase-Iraq zamagqala zivavanye umsebenzi wosapho kwikota ekufuphi emva kokuthunyelwa. Bafumanise ukuba indlela yokuziphatha eyahlulayo, iingxaki zesini, kunye neengxaki zokulala zinefuthe elikhulu kubudlelwane bosapho.

Ngokutsho kovavanyo olunye lwempilo yengqondo, iipesenti ezingama-75 zamagqala namaqabane axele ubuncinci "umba wokulungiswa kosapho" ekubuyeni kwabo. Ukongeza, malunga neepesenti ezingama-54 zamagorha axele ukuba batyhalile okanye bakhwaza iqabane labo kwiinyanga emva kokubuya ekuthumeleni. Iimpawu zoxinzelelo, ngakumbi, zazinokubangela ubundlobongela basekhaya. Amalungu enkonzo adandathekileyo ayekwanokunika ingxelo yokuba abantwana babo babeboyika okanye beswele imfudumalo kubo.

Ukufumana uncedo

Umcebisi unokukunceda wena kunye namalungu osapho lwakho ukuba nilungise nayiphi na imiba. Oku kunokubandakanya iingxaki zobudlelwane, iingxaki zemali kunye nemicimbi yeemvakalelo. Iinkqubo ezininzi zokuxhasa umkhosi zinika iingcebiso eziyimfihlo kumalungu enkonzo kunye neentsapho zawo. Umcebisi unokukufundisa ukuba ujongane njani noxinzelelo kunye nosizi. I-OneSource yomkhosi, iTricare, kunye namaQela oQhelekileyo anokuba luncedo ekukuqaliseni.

Okwangoku, unokuzama iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulwa ukuba ubuyile kutshanje kwaye unengxaki yokulungisa ubomi bobuhlali:

Linda.

Kungathatha ixesha ukuphinda uqhagamshele kunye nosapho emva kokubuya emfazweni. Oku kuqhelekile ekuqaleni, kodwa unokukwazi ukubuyisela unxibelelwano ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Thetha nomntu.

Nangona ungaziva ulilolo okwangoku, abantu banokukuxhasa. Nokuba ungumhlobo osenyongweni okanye ilungu losapho, thetha nomntu omthembileyo malunga nemiceli mngeni yakho. Lo ufanele ukuba ngumntu oya kuba khona kuwe kwaye akuphulaphule ngovelwano nokwamkela.

Kulumkele ukwahlukana nabantu.

Kubalulekile ukuchitha ixesha nabahlobo kunye nosapho, ngakumbi iqabane lakho nabantwana. Ukusebenzela ukubuyisela unxibelelwano lwakho nabantu obathandayo kunokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwakho kunye nokunyusa imeko yakho.

Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iziyobisi notywala.

Kunokulinga ukubhenela kwezi zinto ngamaxesha anzima. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenza njalo kunokukwenza uzive umbi kwaye kunokukhokelela ekuxhomekekeni.

Yabelana ngelahleko nabanye.

Usenokuba mathidala ukuthetha ngokuphulukana nelinye ijoni emfazweni. Nangona kunjalo, ukufaka ezibhotileni kwiimvakalelo zakho kunokuba yingozi, ke kuyanceda ukuthetha ngamava akho ngandlela thile. Zama ukujoyina iqela lokuxhasa umkhosi ukuba unqabile ukuthetha ngalo nomntu omaziyo buqu. Olu hlobo lweqela lenkxaso lunokuba luncedo ngakumbi kuba uya kujikelezwa ngabanye abanokuhambelana nezinto ohlangabezana nazo.

Ezi ndlela zinokuba luncedo kakhulu njengoko uhlengahlengisa kubomi emva komlo. Nangona kunjalo, uzakufuna unyango lobungcali ukuba ufumana uxinzelelo okanye usizi.

Kubalulekile ukucwangcisa ixesha lokudibana nogqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wezempilo yengqondo kwakamsinya nje ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu yoxinzelelo okanye esinye isifo sengqondo. Ukufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza kunokuthintela iimpawu ekubeni mandundu nokukhawulezisa ixesha lokubuyisela.

Q:

Kufuneka ndenze ntoni ukuba ndicinga ukuba iqabane lam lomkhosi okanye umntwana unexinzelelo?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

Ukuba iqabane lakho okanye umntwana ubonakalisa usizi olunxulumene nokuthunyelwa kwakho, kuyaqondakala. Lixesha lokuba ubakhuthaze ukuba bafumane uncedo kugqirha wakho xa ubona ukuba usizi lwabo luya lusiba mandundu okanye luchaphazela amandla abo okwenza izinto ekufuneka bezenzile imini yonke, ezinje ngemisebenzi yabo endlwini, emsebenzini, okanye esikolweni .

UTimothy J. Legg, PhD, PMHNP-BCAmpendulo zimele izimvo zeengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.