Izifo zeMitral Valve

Umxholo

• Yintoni isifo sevalral mitral?
• Iintlobo zesifo se-mitral valve
• I-Mitral valve stenosis
• I-Mitral valve prolapse
• Ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwevalvevu yeMitral
• Yintoni ebangela isifo se-mitral valve?
• I-Mitral valve stenosis
• I-Mitral valve prolapse
• Ukuphinda ubuye kwivelufa ye-Mitral
• Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo se-mitral valve?
• Sichongwa njani isifo se-mitral valve?
• Ukujonga iimvavanyo
• Uvavanyo lokujonga umsebenzi wentliziyo
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo
• Siphathwa njani isifo se-mitral valve?
• Iziyobisi kunye namayeza
• IValvuloplasty
• Ugqirha
• Ukuthatha

Yintoni isifo sevalral mitral?

Ivalve ye-mitral ibekwe kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yakho phakathi kwamagumbi amabini: i-atrium yasekhohlo kunye ne-ventricle yasekhohlo. Ivalve isebenza ukugcina igazi lihamba ngokufanelekileyo kwicala elinye ukusuka kwi-atrium yasekhohlo ukuya kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo. Ikwa thintela igazi ukuba lingabuyi umva.

Isifo seMitral valve senzeka xa i-mitral valve ingasebenzi kakuhle, ivumela igazi ukuba libuyele ngasemva kwi-atrium yasekhohlo. Ngenxa yoko, intliziyo yakho ayimpompi igazi elaneleyo kwigumbi lasekhohlo le-ventricular ukubonelela umzimba wakho ngegazi eligcwele ioksijini. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezinje ngokudinwa kunye nokuphefumla kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abanesifo se-mitral valve abanamava.

Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, isifo se-mitral valve singakhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu, ezisongela ubomi ezifana nokuhluleka kwentliziyo okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungavumelekanga, okubizwa ngokuba yi-arrhythmias.

Iintlobo zesifo se-mitral valve

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zesifo se-mitral valve: i-stenosis, i-prolapse, kunye nokuhlaziywa kwakhona.

I-Mitral valve stenosis

I-Stenosis yenzeka xa kuvulwa ivalve imxinwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba alikho igazi elaneleyo elinokudlula kwi-ventricle yakho yasekhohlo.

I-Mitral valve prolapse

Ukuqhubela phambili kwenzeka xa i-flaps kwi-valve bulge endaweni yokuvala ngokuqinile. Oku kunokuthintela ivelufu ukuba ingavali ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukuphinda ubuye - ukubuyela umva kwegazi- kunokwenzeka.

Ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwevalvevu yeMitral

Ukuphinda kwenzeke kwakhona xa igazi liphuma kwivelufa kwaye lihamba liye ngasemva kwi-atrium yakho yasekhohlo xa i-ventricle yasekhohlo icinezela.

Yintoni ebangela isifo se-mitral valve?

Uhlobo ngalunye lwesifo se-mitral valve sinezizathu zalo.

I-Mitral valve stenosis

I-Mitral valve stenosis ibangelwa kukunqongophala kwi-rheumatic fever. Ngokwesiqhelo isifo sobuntwana, isifo samathambo siphumela ekuphenduleni komzimba kwiintsholongwane zesifo se-streptococcal. I-rheumatic fever yinkxalabo enkulu ye-strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever.

Amalungu achaphazeleka kakhulu ngumkhuhlane wamathambo ngamalungu kunye nentliziyo. Amalungu anokutsha, nto leyo inokukhokelela kukukhubazeka okwethutyana kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kube sisifo esinganyangekiyo. Amacandelo ahlukeneyo entliziyo anokutsha kwaye akhokelele kwezi meko zentliziyo zinokubakho, kubandakanya:

• i-endocarditis: ukudumba kolusu lwentliziyo
• myocarditis: ukudumba kwezihlunu zentliziyo
• I-pericarditis: ukudumba kwenwebu ejikeleze intliziyo

Ukuba i-mitral valve iyavutha okanye yenzakaliswe yile meko, inokukhokelela kwisifo sentliziyo esinganyangekiyo esibizwa ngokuba sisifo sentliziyo. Iimpawu zeklinikhi kunye neempawu zale meko zingenakwenzeka kude kube yiminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 emva kwesiqendu se-rheumatic fever.

I-Mitral stenosis ayiqhelekanga e-United States nakwamanye amazwe ahambele phambili apho i-rheumatic fever inqabile. Kungenxa yokuba abantu kumazwe aphuhlileyo ngokubanzi banokufikelela kwi-antibiotics ephatha ukusuleleka kwiintsholongwane njenge-strep throat, ngokwe-Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. Uninzi lweziganeko ze-mitral stenosis e-United States ngabantu abadala abadala ababene-rheumatic fever ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwe-antibiotics okanye kubantu abaye basuka kumazwe apho i-rheumatic fever eqhelekileyo.

Kukho ezinye izizathu ze-mitral valve stenosis, kodwa ezi zinqabile. Ziquka:

• amahlwili egazi
• ukwakhiwa kwecalcium
• iziphene zentliziyo ozelwe nayo
• Unyango ngemitha
• amathumba

I-Mitral valve prolapse

I-Mitral valve prolapse kaninzi ayinaso isizathu esithile okanye esaziwayo. Ihlala ibaleka kwiintsapho okanye ivela kwabo banezinye iimeko, ezinje nge-scoliosis kunye neengxaki zethishu ezinxibelelanayo. Ngokwe-American Heart Association, malunga neepesenti ezi-2 zabantu base-US bane-mitral valve prolapse. Bambalwa abantu abafumana iingxaki ezinxulumene nemeko.

Ukuphinda ubuye kwivelufa ye-Mitral

Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeengxaki zentliziyo zinokubangela ukuba iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde ibuye kwakhona. Unokuphuhlisa ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwe-mitral valve ukuba une:

• i-endocarditis, okanye ukudumba kwenwebu yentliziyo kunye neevalvu
• ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• umkhuhlane wamathambo

Umonakalo kwiintambo zentliziyo yakho okanye ukunxiba kunye nokukrazula kwivalve yakho ye-mitral nako kunokukhokelela ekubuyiselweni kwakhona. I-Mitral valve prolapse ngamanye amaxesha inokubangela ukuphinda ubuye.

Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo se-mitral valve?

Iimpawu zesifo seMitral valve ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ngqo kwingxaki ngevalve yakho. Ingangabikho mpawu kwaphela. Xa iimpawu zenzeka, zinokubandakanya:

• ukukhohlela
• ukuphefumla kancinci, ngakumbi xa ulele ngomqolo okanye uzilolonga
• ukudinwa
• intloko elula

Unokuziva ubuhlungu okanye ukuqina esifubeni sakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokuziva ukuba intliziyo yakho ibetha ngendlela engaqhelekanga okanye ngokukhawuleza.

Iimpawu zalo naluphi na uhlobo lwesifo se-mitral valve zihlala zikhula kancinci. Banokubonakala okanye babe mandundu xa umzimba wakho ujongene noxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo, njengosulelo okanye ukukhulelwa.

Sichongwa njani isifo se-mitral valve?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unokuba nesifo se-mitral valve, baya kuphulaphula intliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope. Izandi ezingaqhelekanga okanye iipateni zesingqi zinokubanceda ukuba bafumane oko kuqhubekayo.

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukunceda ukuqinisekisa isifo se-mitral valve diagnostic.

Ukujonga iimvavanyo

• I-Echocardiogram: Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa amaza e-ultrasound ukuvelisa imifanekiso yesakhiwo sentliziyo kunye nokusebenza.
• IX-reyi: Olu vavanyo luqhelekileyo luvelisa imifanekiso kwikhompyuter okanye kwifilimu ngokuthumela amasuntswana eX-ray emzimbeni.
• I-echocardiogram ye-Transesophageal: Olu vavanyo luvelisa umfanekiso ocacileyo wentliziyo yakho kune-echocardiogram yesiko. Ngexesha lenkqubo, ugqirha ugqitha isixhobo esikhupha amaza e-ultrasound kwindawo yakho yokubamba, ebekwe kanye emva kwentliziyo.
• I-catheterization ye-Cardiac: Le nkqubo ivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba enze iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukufumana umfanekiso wemithambo yegazi yentliziyo. Ngexesha lenkqubo, ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu ende, ebhityileyo engalweni yakho, ethangeni eliphezulu, okanye entanyeni kwaye uyisondeze entliziyweni yakho.
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG okanye i-EKG): Olu vavanyo lurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho.
• Ukubeka iliso kwiHolter: Esi sisixhobo esiphathwayo sokujonga esirekhoda imisebenzi yombane wentliziyo yakho kwisithuba sexesha, ihlala iyiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48.

Uvavanyo lokujonga umsebenzi wentliziyo

Uvavanyo loxinzelelo

Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukukujonga ngelixa uzilolonga ukuze ubone ukuba intliziyo yakho isabela njani kuxinzelelo lomzimba.

Siphathwa njani isifo se-mitral valve?

Unyango lwe-mitral valve isifo asinakudingeka, kuxhomekeke kubukrakra bemeko kunye neempawu zakho. Ukuba ityala lakho linzima ngokwaneleyo, zintathu iindlela zonyango ezinokubakho okanye indibaniselwano yonyango enokulungisa imeko yakho.

Iziyobisi kunye namayeza

Ukuba unyango luyimfuneko, ugqirha wakho unokuqala ngokukunyanga ngamayeza. Akukho machiza anokulungisa imiba yolwakhiwo ngevalve yakho ye-mitral. Amanye amayeza anokuzinciphisa iimpawu zakho okanye abathintele ukuba bangabi mbi. La mayeza angabandakanya:

• i-antiarrhythmics, ukunyanga isingqi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga
• ii-anticoagulants, ukunciphisa igazi lakho
• iibhloko ze-beta, ukunciphisa isantya sentliziyo yakho
• umchamo, ukunciphisa ukwanda kolwelo kwimiphunga yakho

IValvuloplasty

Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukwenza iinkqubo zonyango. Ngokomzekelo, kwiimeko ze-mitral valve stenosis, ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukusebenzisa ibhaluni ukuvula ivalve kwinkqubo ebizwa ngebhaluni valvuloplasty.

Ugqirha

Kwiimeko ezinzima, utyando lunokuba yimfuneko. Ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukulungisa i-mitral valve yakho ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba oko akunakwenzeka, unokufuna ukuba i-mitral valve yakho ithathelwe indawo entsha. Ukutshintshwa kunokuba yinto yebhayoloji okanye yoomatshini. Ukutshintshwa kwezinto eziphilayo kunokufunyanwa kwinkomo, kwihagu, okanye kwi-cadaver yomntu.

Ukuthatha

Xa i-mitral valve ingasebenzi njengoko kufanelekile, igazi lakho alihambi kakuhle liphume entliziyweni. Unokufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokudinwa okanye ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye ungangafumani mpawu kwaphela. Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukufumanisa imeko yakho. Unyango lunokubandakanya amayeza ahlukeneyo, iinkqubo zonyango, okanye utyando.