Izifo eziDibeneyo zokuXhamla kwezifo

Umxholo

• Sisiphi isifo esixubileyo sesicwili?
• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Ibangelwa yintoni?
• Ngaba zikhona izinto ezinobungozi?
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Inyangwa njani?
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Sisiphi isifo esixubileyo sesicwili?

Isifo esixubileyo sesifo (MCTD) sisifo esingaqhelekanga somzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa sisifo esiqhekezayo ngenxa yokuba uninzi lweempawu zaso zihamba kunye nezinye izifo ezinxulumene nezicubu, ezifana:

• inkqubo lupus erythematosus
• scleroderma
• polymyositis

Ezinye iimeko ze-MCTD zikwabelana ngeempawu zesifo samathambo.

Akukho lunyango lwe-MCTD, kodwa ihlala ilawulwa ngamayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.

Kuba esi sifo sinokuchaphazela amalungu ahlukeneyo afana nolusu, umsipha, inkqubo yokwetyisa kunye nemiphunga, kunye namalungu akho, unyango lujolise ekulawuleni iindawo eziphambili zokubandakanyeka.

Inkcazo yeklinikhi inokuba nobulali ukuya kumodareyitha ukuya kubunzima, kuxhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezichaphazelekayo.

Iiarhente zodidi lokuqala ezinje nge-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents zinokusetyenziswa ekuqaleni, kodwa ezinye izigulana zinokufuna unyango oluphambili ngakumbi ngamachiza e-antimalarial hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) okanye ezinye iiarhente zokuguqula izifo kunye ne-biologics.

Ngokutsho kwamaZiko ezeMpilo kaZwelonke, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka eli-10 kubantu abane-MCTD malunga neepesenti ezingama-80. Oko kuthetha ukuba iipesenti ezingama-80 zabantu abane-MCTD basaphila iminyaka eli-10 emva kokuba befunyanisiwe.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Iimpawu ze-MCTD zihlala zibonisa ngokulandelelana kwisithuba seminyaka eliqela, hayi konke kube kanye.

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-90 zabantu abane-MCTD banomdla kaRaynaud. Le yimeko ebonakaliswa luhlaselo oluqatha lwengqele, iminwe engwevu eba luhlaza, mhlophe, okanye mfusa. Ngamanye amaxesha kwenzeka iinyanga okanye iminyaka ngaphambi kwezinye iimpawu.

Iimpawu ezongezelelweyo ze-MCTD ziyahluka kumntu kumntu, kodwa ezinye zezona ziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ifiva
• iintlungu kumalungu amaninzi
• irhashalala
• ukudumba kumalungu
• ubuthathaka bemisipha
• ubushushu obubandayo ngokutshintsha kombala kwezandla nasezinyaweni

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubakho zibandakanya:

• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukudumba kwesisu
• i-asidi ye-asidi
• ingxaki yokuphefumla ngenxa yokonyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi emiphungeni okanye ukudumba kwethishu yemiphunga
• ukuqina okanye ukuqinisa amabala esikhumba
• izandla ezidumbileyo

Ibangelwa yintoni?

Isizathu ngqo se-MCTD asaziwa. Sisifo sokuzimela, nto leyo ethetha ukuba amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela ngempazamo izicwili ezisempilweni.

I-MCTD yenzeka xa amajoni akho omzimba ehlasela izicwili ezinikezela ngesakhelo samalungu omzimba wakho.

Ngaba zikhona izinto ezinobungozi?

Abanye abantu abane-MCTD banembali yosapho, kodwa abaphandi abafumananga ikhonkco lofuzo olucacileyo.

NgokweZiko loLwazi lweZifo zeMfuza kunye neRare (i-GARD), abasetyhini banamathuba aphindwe kathathu kunamadoda okuphuhlisa le meko. Inokubetha nakweyiphi na iminyaka, kodwa ubudala obuqhelekileyo bokuqala buphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-25 ubudala.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

I-MCTD inokuba nzima ukuyichonga kuba inokufana neemeko ezininzi. Inokuba nezinto eziphambili ze-scleroderma, lupus, myositis okanye isifo samathambo okanye indibaniselwano yezi ngxaki.

Ukwenza uxilongo, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika uvavanyo lomzimba. Bayakukucela nembali eneenkcukacha zeempawu zakho. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, gcina ilog yeempawu zakho, uqaphele ukuba zenzeka nini kwaye zihlala ixesha elingakanani. Olu lwazi luya kuba luncedo kugqirha wakho.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho uqaphela iimpawu zeklinikhi ze-MCTD, ezinje ngokudumba ujikeleze amalungu, irhashalala, okanye ubungqina bokubandezeleka kobandayo, banokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukukhangela ii-antibodies ezithile ezinxulumene ne-MCTD, njenge-anti-RNP, kunye nobukho lwamanqaku okudumba.

Banokuyalela ukuvavanywa ukujonga ubukho beentsholongwane ezinxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nezinye izifo ezizimeleyo ukuqinisekisa uxilongo oluchanekileyo kunye / okanye nokuqinisekisa ukuhlangana kwesifo.

Inyangwa njani?

Amachiza anokunceda ukulawula iimpawu ze-MCTD. Abanye abantu bafuna unyango lwezifo zabo xa zivutha, kodwa abanye banokufuna unyango lwexesha elide.

Amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-MCTD abandakanya:

• Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID). Ii-NSAID ezingaphezulu kwe-counter, ezinje nge-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) kunye ne-naproxen (Aleve), inokunyanga iintlungu kunye nokudumba.
• ICorticosteroids. Amayeza e-Steroid, anje nge-prednisone, anokunyanga ukudumba kwaye ancede ukuyeka amajoni akho omzimba ekuhlaseleni izicwili ezisempilweni. Ngenxa yokuba zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi, ezinje ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, ukungaboni ngamehlo, ukutshintsha kwemozulu, kunye nokuzuza ubunzima, zihlala zisetyenziselwa kuphela ixesha elifutshane ukunqanda umngcipheko wexesha elide.
• Iziyobisi Antimalarial. IHydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) inokunceda nge-MCTD emnene kwaye mhlawumbi inokunceda ukuthintela i-flare-ups.
• Isithinteli seCalcium blocker. Amayeza afana ne-nifedipine (Procardia) kunye ne-amlodipine (Norvasc) anceda ukulawula into kaRaynaud.
• Amajoni omzimba. I-MCTD ebukhali inokufuna unyango lwexesha elide kunye nee-immunosuppressants, ezizezamayeza acinezela amajoni akho omzimba. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya i-azathioprine (Imuran, Azasan) kunye ne-mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept). La machiza anokuthintelwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngenxa yokukhubazeka kosana olungekazalwa okanye ityhefu.
• Amachiza oxinzelelo lwegazi. Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-pulmonary sisona sizathu siphambili sokufa phakathi kwabantu abane-MCTD. Oogqirha banokuyalela iziyobisi ezinje nge bosentan (Tracleer) okanye sildenafil (Revatio, Viagra) ukunceda ukuthintela uxinzelelo lwegazi kwimiphunga.

Ukongeza kunyango, utshintsho oluninzi kwindlela yokuphila lunokunceda:

• Yintoni imbonakalo?

  Ngaphandle kobunzima bayo beempawu, i-MCTD inokubonisa kwaye ihlale isisifo esincinci ukuya kwisilinganisi.

  Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izigulana zinokuqhubela phambili kwaye zikhulise ukubonakaliswa kwesi sifo okunzulu kubandakanya amalungu amakhulu anje ngemiphunga.

  Uninzi lwezifo ezinxulumene nezicubu zithathwa njengezifo ze-multisystem kwaye kufuneka zijongwe njalo. Ukubeka iliso kumalungu aphambili yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo olubanzi lwezonyango.

  Kwimeko ye-MCTD, uphononongo lwamaxesha eenkqubo kufuneka lubandakanye iimpawu kunye neempawu ezinxulumene:

  • SLE
  • polymyositis
  • scleroderma

  Ngenxa yokuba i-MCTD inokuba neempawu zezi zifo, amalungu amakhulu anje ngemiphunga, isibindi, izintso kunye nengqondo zinokubandakanyeka.

  Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuseka unyango lwexesha elide kunye nesicwangciso solawulo esisebenza kakuhle kwiimpawu zakho.

  Ukuthunyelwa kwingcali ye-rheumatology kunokuba luncedo ngenxa yokuntsokotha kwesi sifo.