Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga noMhlaza webele weMultifocal

Umxholo

• Zithini iintlobo zomhlaza wamabele?
• Ufumanisa njani umhlaza webele?
• Inyangwa njani?
• Ziziphi iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zonyango?
• Yintoni imbonakalo?
• Zeziphi iintlobo zenkxaso ezikhoyo?

Yintoni umhlaza webele we-multifocal?

Izinto ezininzi umhlaza wamabele wenzeka xa kukho amathumba amabini okanye nangaphezulu kwisifuba esinye. Onke amathumba aqala kwisisu esinye sokuqala. Amathumba nawo onke akwi-quadrant efanayo-okanye kwicandelo- lesifuba.

Izinto ezininzi umhlaza webele luhlobo olufanayo lomhlaza. Amathumba angaphezu kwesinye ayavela, kodwa kwii-quadrants ezahlukeneyo zebele.

Naphi na ukusuka kwi-6 ukuya kwi-60 yeepesenti yamathumba ebele ahlukeneyo okanye ahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwindlela achazwa ngayo kwaye afunyaniswa.

Izidumba zemultifocal zinokungasebenzi okanye zingenelele.

• Ukungasebenzi Umhlaza uhlala kwimifudlana yobisi okanye amadlala avelisa ubisi (lobules) ebeleni.
• Iyahlasela Umhlaza unokukhula ube ngamanye amalungu ebele kwaye usasazeke kwamanye amalungu.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga neentlobo zomhlaza webele ezinokuthi zikhule ngomhlaza webele we-multifocal, loluphi unyango olunokuthi lubandakanye, kunye nokunye.

Zithini iintlobo zomhlaza wamabele?

Zininzi iintlobo zomhlaza wamabele, kwaye zisekwe kuhlobo lweseli umhlaza okhula kuwo.

Uninzi lomhlaza webele zii-carcinomas. Oku kuthetha ukuba aqala kwiiseli ze-epithelial ezihamba emabeleni. I-Adenocarcinoma luhlobo lwe-carcinoma olukhula kwimijelo yobisi okanye ii-lobules.

Umhlaza webele uhlelwe ngokwazo kwezi ntlobo:

• Iductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) iqala ngaphakathi kwimijelo yobisi. Ibizwa ngokuba ayihambelani kuba ayisasazekanga ngaphandle kwale mibhobho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba nalo mhlaza kunokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza webele. I-DCIS lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza webele ongafunekiyo. Yenza iipesenti ezingama-25 zazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza webele ezifunyenwe eUnited States.
• I-Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) ayisebenzi. Iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ziqala kwiincindi ezivelisa ubisi lwebele. I-LCIS inokuwunyusa umngcipheko wokufumana umhlaza webele kwixa elizayo. I-LCIS inqabile, ibonakalisa nje nge-0,5 ukuya kwiipesenti ezi-4 zazo zonke i-biopsies zesifuba ezingonakalisiyo.
• I-ductal carcinoma ehlaselayo (IDC) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wamabele, lubala malunga neepesenti ezingama-80 zale mihlaza. I-IDC iqala kwiiseli ezihamba kwimigca yobisi. Ingakhula iye kufikelela ebeleni, kunye nakumanye amalungu omzimba.
• Uhlaselo lobular carcinoma (ILC) iqala kwii-lobules kwaye inokusasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Phantse iipesenti ezili-10 zazo zonke iintsholongwane zomhlaza webele yi-ILC.
• Umhlaza webele odumbisayo luhlobo olunqabileyo olusasazeka ngolunya. Phakathi kwe-1 ne-5 yepesenti yazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza webele lolu hlobo.
• Isifo sengono kaPaget ngumhlaza onqabileyo oqala kwimisele yobisi kodwa usasazeka kwingono. Phantse iipesenti ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 zomhlaza webele lolu hlobo.
• Amathumba ePhyllode bafumana igama labo kwipateni efana negqabi apho iiseli zomhlaza zikhula khona. Ezi tumors zinqabile. Uninzi alunamhlaza, kodwa ulunya lunokwenzeka. Izidumba ze-Phyllode zenza ngaphantsi kwepesenti enye yazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza webele.
• I-Angiosarcoma iqala kwiiseli ezihambisa igazi okanye izitya ze-lymph. Ngaphantsi kwalomhlaza webele lolu hlobo.

Ufumanisa njani umhlaza webele?

Oogqirha basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo ukufumanisa umhlaza wamabele.

Oku kubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwebele lweklinikhi. Ugqirha wakho uya kuziva amabele akho kunye ne-lymph node kuwo nawaphi na amaqhuma okanye olunye utshintsho olungaqhelekanga.
• Isisombululo. Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa iX-reyi ukufumana utshintsho emabeleni nakwisikrini somhlaza. Iminyaka ekufuneka uqale ngayo ukuvavanywa, kunye nokuhamba kwayo rhoqo, kuxhomekeke kumngcipheko womhlaza webele. Ukuba une-mammogram engaqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ube novavanyo olunye okanye nangaphezulu apha ngezantsi.
• Imagnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa iimagnethi ezinamandla kunye namaza erediyo ukwenza imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zangaphakathi zesifuba. Kuchanekile ngakumbi ekukhetheni umhlaza webele we-multifocal kune-mammography kunye ne-ultrasound.
• I-Ultrasound. Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa amaza esandi ukukhangela ubunzima okanye olunye utshintsho kumabele akho.
• Uqhaqho. Le kuphela kwendlela ugqirha wakho azi ngayo ukuba unomdlavuza. Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa inaliti ukususa isampulu encinci yeethishu esifubeni sakho. I-biopsy nayo ingathathwa kwi-sentinel lymph node-i-lymph node apho iiseli zomhlaza zinokuthi zisasazeke kuqala kwi-tumor. Isampuli ithunyelwa elebhu, apho ihlolwe khona ukuba inomhlaza.

Ngokusekwe kwezi kunye nezinye iziphumo zovavanyo, ugqirha wakho uza kuwubeka umhlaza wakho. Isiteji sibonisa ukuba mkhulu kangakanani umhlaza, nokuba sele usasazekile, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, kude kangakanani. Inokukunceda ugqirha wakho acwangcise unyango lwakho.

Kumhlaza we-multifocal, ithumba ngalinye lilinganiswa ngokwahlukeneyo. Esi sifo sihlelwe ngokusekelwe kubukhulu besisu esikhulu. Ezinye iingcali zithi le ndlela ayichanekanga kuba ayithathi ngqangi inani lamathumba ebeleni. Okwangoku, nantsi indlela umhlaza wamabele oqhele ukwenziwa ngayo.

Inyangwa njani?

Unyango lwakho luya kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lomhlaza wakho. Ukuba umhlaza ukwinqanaba lokuqala - oko kuthetha ukuba amathumba akwi-quadrant enye kuphela yotyando lokugcina amabele (lumpectomy) kunokwenzeka. Le nkqubo isusa umhlaza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngelixa igcina izicubu zamabele ezisempilweni ngeenxa zonke.

Emva kotyando, uyakufumana imitha ebulala nayiphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuthi zishiywe ngasemva. I-Chemotherapy lolunye ukhetho emva kotyando.

Amathumba amakhulu okanye umhlaza osasazekileyo unokufuna imastectomy - utyando ukususa lonke ibele. Iimpawu ze-lymph nazo zingasuswa ngexesha lotyando.

Ziziphi iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zonyango?

Nangona unyango lomhlaza webele lunokuphucula ukusinda kwakho, banokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zotyando lolondolozo lwebele zibandakanya:

• iintlungu ebeleni
• izilonda
• ukudumba ebeleni okanye engalweni (lymphedema)
• utshintsho kwimilo yebele
• ukopha
• usulelo

Iziphumo zemitha zibandakanya:

• ububomvu, ukurhawuzelela, ukuxobuka, kunye nokucaphuka kolusu
• ukudinwa
• ukudumba ebeleni

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Umhlaza webele weMultifocal kunokwenzeka ngakumbi kunamathumba anganye ukusasazeka kwii-lymph node. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonisa ukuba amaxabiso okusinda kweminyaka emi-5 awahlukanga kwizicubu ezininzi kunakwizicwili ezizodwa.

Imbonakalo yakho ixhomekeke kancinci kubungakanani bamathumba onawo kwisifuba esinye, nangaphezulu kubungakanani bamathumba akho nokuba athe asasazeka na. Ngokubanzi, i-5 yeminyaka yokusinda komhlaza ovalelwe esifubeni ngama-99 eepesenti. Ukuba umhlaza usasazekile kwii-lymph node kule ndawo, iminyaka emi-5 yokusinda yiipesenti ezingama-85.

Zeziphi iintlobo zenkxaso ezikhoyo?

Ukuba usandula ukufumanisa ukuba unomdlavuza webele we-multifocal, unokuba nemibuzo emininzi malunga nayo yonke into ukusuka kukhetho lwakho lonyango ukuya kubiza malini. Ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lakho lezonyango banokuba yimithombo elungileyo yolu lwazi.

Unokufumana ulwazi ngakumbi kunye namaqela enkxaso kwindawo yakho ngokusebenzisa imibutho yomhlaza efana nale:

• Umbutho woMhlaza waseMelika
• Isiseko seSizwe soMhlaza weSifuba
• USusan G. Komen