Yintoni ebangela ukuba iiMole zivele ngokukhawuleza

Umxholo

• Iintlobo moles
• Iinyumasi ezizelwe
• Ama-moles afunyenweyo (abizwa ngokuba zii-moles eziqhelekileyo)
• Ama-moles atypical (abizwa ngokuba yi-dysplastic nevi)
• Unobangela moles ezintsha
• Iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezinxulumene nee-moles
• Iimelanomas
• Ukuzihlola kwesikhumba
• Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ushwankathelo

Iinyumasi ziqheleke kakhulu, kwaye uninzi lwabantu lunenye okanye nangaphezulu. I-Moles ziingxube zeeseli ezivelisa umbala (i-melanocytes) kulusu lwakho. Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo bathanda ukuba neentsumpa ezingaphezulu.

Igama lobuchwephesha le-mole yi-nevus (ubuninzi: nevi). Ivela kwigama lesiLatin lokuzalwa.

Isizathu se-moles asiqondwa kakuhle. Kucingelwa ukuba kukunxibelelana kwezinto zemfuza kunye nokonakaliswa lilanga kwiimeko ezininzi.

Iinyumasi zihlala zivela ebuntwaneni nasekufikiseni, kwaye utshintshe ubungakanani kunye nombala njengoko ukhula. Iimolekyuli ezintsha zihlala zibonakala ngamanye amaxesha xa utshintsho lwakho kumanqanaba ehomoni, anjengokukhulelwa.

Uninzi lwama-moles lungaphantsi kwe-1/4 intshi ububanzi. Umbala weMole usuka kupinki uye kumdaka omnyama okanye mnyama. Banokubakho naphi na emzimbeni wakho, bodwa okanye ngokwamaqela.

Phantse zonke ii-moles zinobungozi (azinomdlavuza). Kodwa iinyanga ezintsha kumntu omdala kunokwenzeka ukuba zibe nomhlaza kunama-moles amadala.

Ukuba i-mole entsha ibonakala xa ukhulile, okanye ukuba i-mole iyatshintsha ngokubonakala, kufuneka ubone i-dermatologist ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayinomdlavuza.

Iintlobo moles

Zininzi iintlobo ze-moles, ezahlulwe ngokokuvela kwazo, ukuba zikhangeleka njani, kunye nomngcipheko wokuba ngumhlaza.

Iinyumasi ezizelwe

Ezi moles zibizwa ngokuba ziimpawu zokuzalwa kwaye ziyahluka ngokobukhulu, imilo, kunye nombala. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-0.2 ukuya ku-2.1 zeentsana zizalwe nge-mole yokuzalwa.

Ezinye iimpawu zokuzalwa zinokunyangwa ngezizathu zokuthambisa xa umntwana emdala, umzekelo, iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-12 kwaye ekwaziyo ukunyamezela i-anesthetic yendawo. Izinketho zonyango zibandakanya:

• utyando
• Ukuvela kwakhona kolusu (dermabrasion)
• ukucheba ulusu (ukusikwa) kolusu oluphezulu
• I-peel yeekhemikhali yokukhanyisa
• I-laser ablation yokukhanyisa

Umngcipheko

I-moles ezinkulu zokuzalwa zomntu zinomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba ngabantu abakhohlakele ebudaleni (i-4 ukuya kwi-6 yepesenti yomngcipheko wobomi). Utshintsho ekukhuleni, umbala, imilo, okanye iintlungu zomqondiso wokuzalwa kufuneka kuvavanywe ngugqirha.

Ama-moles afunyenweyo (abizwa ngokuba zii-moles eziqhelekileyo)

Ii-moles ezifumanekayo zezo zibonakala kulusu lwakho emva kokuba uzelwe. Ziyaziwa ngokuba zii-moles eziqhelekileyo. Banokubonakala naphina kulusu lwakho.

Abantu abanolusu olufanelekileyo banokuba phakathi kwe-10 ukuya kwi-40 kwezi moles.

Ama-moles aqhelekileyo aqhelekileyo:

• ngeenxa zonke okanye okweqanda
• tyaba okanye iphakanyiswe kancinci okanye ngamanye amaxesha imile okwedome
• egudileyo okanye erhabaxa
• umbala omnye (umbala omnyama, omdaka, omnyama, obomvu, pinki, bhlowu, okanye umbala)
• engaguqukiyo
• encinci (1/4 intshi okanye ngaphantsi; ubukhulu bepensile)
• inokuba neenwele

Ukuba unolusu olumnyama okanye iinwele ezimnyama, iimowuli zakho zinokuba mnyama kunalezo zabantu abanesikhumba esihle.

Umngcipheko

Ukuba une moles eziqhelekileyo ezingaphezu kwama-50, usemngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza wolusu. Kodwa kunqabile ukuba imole eqhelekileyo ibe ngumhlaza.

Ama-moles atypical (abizwa ngokuba yi-dysplastic nevi)

Iintsumpa ezi-atypical zinokubonakala naphi na emzimbeni wakho. Ama-moles e-atypical ahlala esiqwini, kodwa unokufumana nasentanyeni, entloko, okanye entlonzeni. Kunqabile ukuba bavele ebusweni.

I-Benign moypical moles inokuba neempawu ezifanayo ne-melanoma (uhlobo lomhlaza wolusu). Ke, kubalulekile ukuba ujonge ulusu rhoqo kwaye ujonge naluphi na utshintsho kwiimolekyuli zakho.

Iintsumpa ze-Atypical zinokuba nomhlaza. Kodwa kuqikelelwa ukuba zii-moles kuphela ezijika zibe ngumhlaza.

Ngenxa yokubonakala kwazo, ii-moles ezi-atypical ziye zachongwa njenge "amantshontsho amadada amabi" eemowuli.

Ngokubanzi, i-moles atypical zezi:

• imilo engaqhelekanga enemida engalinganiyo
• ezahlukeneyo ngombala: imixube yetan, emdaka, ebomvu, nepinki
• I-pebbled in texture
• inkulu kunokusula ipensile; Iimilimitha ezi-6 okanye ngaphezulu
• ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanebala elimhlophe
• ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanelanga eliphakamileyo

Umngcipheko

Unomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana i-melanoma ukuba unayo:

• ezine okanye ngaphezulu moles atypical
• isalamane segazi esasine melanoma
• ngaphambili yayinemelanoma

Ukuba amalungu osapho lwakho ane-moles ezininzi ze-atypical, unokuba nosapho lwe-atypical multiple mole melanoma (. Umngcipheko wakho we-melanoma ungamaxesha ayi-17.3 aphezulu kunabantu abangenayo i-FAMMM syndrome.

Unobangela moles ezintsha

Unobangela wemole entsha ebonakala ebudaleni ayiqondwa kakuhle. Iinyanga ezintsha zinokuba zilungile okanye zinokuba nomhlaza. Izizathu ze-Melanoma zifundwe kakuhle, kodwa kukho oko kubangela i-moles benign.

Ukutshintsha kwemfuza kusenokwenzeka ukubandakanyeka. Isifundo sophando esenziwa ngo-2015 saxela ukuba uguquko kwimfuza ye-BRAF yemfuza yayikho kwi-moles efumanekayo.

Utshintsho lwe-BRAF luyaziwa ukuba luyabandakanyeka kwi-melanoma. Kodwa iinkqubo zeemolekyuli ezibandakanyekayo ekuguqulweni kwemolekyulu enobungozi kwi-mole yomhlaza azikaziwa.

Ukusebenzisana kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV), kokubini kwendalo kunye nokufakelwa, kunye ne-DNA kuyaziwa ukuba kubangele ukonakala kwemfuza okunokukhokelela kuphuhliso lwe-melanoma kunye neminye imihlaza yomhlaza. Ukuvezwa lilanga kunokwenzeka ngexesha lobuntwana okanye ebudaleni kwaye kuphela kamva kubangele umhlaza wolusu.

Izizathu zokuba unokuba ne-mole entsha zibandakanya:

• ukwanda kweminyaka
• ulusu olukhanyayo kunye neenwele ezikhanyayo okanye ezibomvu
• Imbali yosapho yee-moles atypical
• impendulo kumachiza acinezela amajoni akho omzimba
• impendulo kwamanye amachiza, anje ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, iihomoni, okanye ii-anti-depressants
• utshintsho kwimfuza
• Ukutshiswa lilanga, ukubonakaliswa lilanga, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwebhedi yokutshisa

Iinyanga ezintsha zinokwenzeka ukuba zibe nomhlaza. Ukuphononongwa ngo-2017 kwezifundo eziye zafumanisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-70.9 ze-melanomas zavela kwi-mole entsha Ukuba umdala ngemole entsha, kubalulekile ukuba uyihlolisise ngugqirha wakho okanye ngugqirha wesikhumba.

Iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezinxulumene nee-moles

Xa i-mole endala iguquka, okanye xa i-mole entsha ibonakala kumntu omdala, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuba ahlole.

Ukuba i-mole yakho iyabetha, iphuma, ikhupha, okanye ibuhlungu, jonga ugqirha kwangoko.

I-Melanoma ngumhlaza wesikhumba obulala kakhulu, kodwa i-moles okanye amabala amatsha angaba yi-basal cell okanye i-squamous cell cancer. Ezi zihlala zibonakala kwiindawo ezichanekileyo elangeni, njengasebusweni, entloko nasentanyeni. Ziyanyangeka ngokulula.

Iimelanomas

Nantsi isikhokelo se-ABCDE se-melanoma malunga nokuba ujonge ntoni, ephuhliswe yiAmerican Academy of Dermatology:

• Ukungalingani imilo. Isiqingatha ngasinye se-mole sihlukile.
• Umda. I-mole inemida engavumelekanga.
• Umbala. Imole yatshintsha umbala okanye inemibala emininzi okanye exubileyo.
• Ububanzi. I-mole ikhula ibe ngaphezu kwe-1/4 intshi ububanzi.
• Ukuguquka. I-mole iqhubeka ishintsha ngobukhulu, umbala, imilo, okanye ubukhulu.

Ukuzihlola kwesikhumba

Ukujonga ulusu lwakho rhoqo kunokukunceda ubone utshintsho kwimole. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha somhlaza wolusu uvela kumalungu omzimba wakho onokuwabona ngokulula.

Akuqhelekanga ukufumana i-melanomas kwiindawo zomzimba ezikhuselwe elangeni. Iindawo zomzimba eziqhelekileyo zesifo se-melanoma kwabasetyhini ziingalo nemilenze.

Kumadoda, ezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo ze-melanoma ngumqolo, umboko, intloko nentamo.

Abangewona amaCaucasus banomngcipheko ophantsi we-melanoma ngokubanzi. Kodwa iindawo ze-melanoma zahlukile kubantu bebala. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo ze-melanoma phakathi kwabangewona amaCaucasus zezi:

• ematheni
• iintende
• phakathi kweenzwane neminwe
• phantsi iinzipho okanye iinzipho

Qaphela ukuba ukuzihlola kunokuhlala kuphoswa lutshintsho kwii-moles, ngokwe-2000 yophando lwabantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu we-melanoma.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Iinyumasi ezibonakala ebudaleni kufuneka zisoloko zijongwa ngugqirha. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba abantu bahlolwe ulusu ngugqirha wesikhumba minyaka le. Ukuba usemngciphekweni we-melanoma, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uhlolisiso lolusu rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu.

Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga ne-mole yakho kwaye awunayo i-dermatologist, unokujonga oogqirha kwindawo yakho ngokusebenzisa i-Healthline FindCare ithuluzi.

Ukuba une-mole etshintsha, ngakumbi enye ehlangabezana nenye okanye nangaphezulu kweekhrayitheriya kwisikhokelo se-ABCDE apha ngasentla, bona ugqirha kwangoko.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukubonwa kwangaphambili kwe-melanoma kukhokelela kwizibonelelo ezibalulekileyo zokuphila. I-10 yeminyaka yokusinda kwe-melanoma efunyenwe kwangoko.