Ityhefu Megacolon

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela i-megacolon enetyhefu?
• Ziintoni iimpawu ze-megacolon enetyhefu?
• Ifunyaniswa njani i-megacolon enetyhefu?
• Iphathwa njani i-megacolon enetyhefu?
• Ndingayikhusela njani i-megacolon enetyhefu?
• Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Yintoni iMegacolon enetyhefu?

Amathumbu amakhulu lelona candelo lisezantsi lendlela yakho yokwetyisa. Ibandakanya isihlomelo sakho, ikholoni, kunye ne-rectum. Amathumbu amakhulu agqibezela inkqubo yokwetyisa ngokufunxa amanzi kunye nokudlulisa inkunkuma (isitulo) ukuya kwi-anus.

Iimeko ezithile zinokubangela ukuba amathumbu amakhulu angasebenzi kakuhle. Enye yezo meko yityhefu yemegacolon okanye megarectum. I-Megacolon ligama eliqhelekileyo elithetha ukuncipha okungaqhelekanga kwikholoni. Ityhefu megacolon ligama elisetyenziselwa ukubonisa ubuzaza bale meko.

Inqabileyo megacolon inqabile. Kukukhula kwamathumbu amakhulu okuphuhla kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa kwaye kunokubusongela ubomi. Ingaba yingxaki yesifo sokukhupha isisu (njengesifo sikaCrohn).

Yintoni ebangela i-megacolon enetyhefu?

Esinye sezizathu ze-megacolon enetyhefu sisifo sokukrala kwamathumbu (IBD). Izifo zamathumbu ezivuthayo zibangela ukudumba kunye nokucaphuka kwiindawo ezithile zokugaya ukutya. Ezi zifo zinokuba buhlungu kwaye zibangele ukonakala okungapheliyo kumathumbu akho amakhulu namancinci. Imizekelo ye-IBDs yi-ulcerative colitis kunye nesifo sikaCrohn. Megacolon enetyhefu nayo inokubangelwa zizifo ezinje nge IClostridium difficile ukudumba.

I-megacolon enetyhefu yenzeka xa izifo zamathumbu ezivuthayo zibangela ukuba ikholoni yandise, yande kwaye isasaze. Xa oku kusenzeka, ikholoni ayikwazi ukususa irhasi okanye ilindle emzimbeni. Ukuba igesi kunye nelindle ziyakhiwa kwikholoni, amathumbu akho amakhulu anokugqitywa ekugqibeleni.

Ukuqhekeka kwekolon yakho kusongela ubomi. Ukuba amathumbu akho ayaqhekeka, iibhaktiriya ezihlala zikho emathunjini akho zikhutshwa kwisisu sakho. Oku kunokubangela usulelo olubi kwaye nokufa.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kukho ezinye iintlobo ze-megacolon. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• pseudo-isithintelo megacolon
• I-colonic ileus megacolon
• ukwanda kwento yokubeleka

Nangona ezi meko zinokwanda kwaye zonakalise ikholoni, azibangelwa kukudumba okanye usulelo.

Ziintoni iimpawu ze-megacolon enetyhefu?

Xa kukho i-megacolon enetyhefu, amathumbu amakhulu anda ngokukhawuleza. Iimpawu zale meko zinokuza ngesiquphe kwaye zibandakanya:

• intlungu zesisu
• Ukuqunjelwa kwesisu (isisu)
• ukuthamba kwesisu
• ifiva
• izinga lentliziyo elikhawulezayo (tachycardia)
• ukothuka
• Igazi okanye isisu esihambisayo
• intshukumo ebuhlungu

I-megacolon enetyhefu yimeko esongela ubomi. Ukuba ezi mpawu zikhula, kuya kufuneka ufune unyango kwangoko.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-megacolon enetyhefu?

Ukuba uphuhlisa iimpawu ze-megacolon enetyhefu, ugqirha wakho unokuqinisekisa isifo sakho ngovavanyo lomzimba kunye nolunye uvavanyo. Baza kukubuza malunga nembali yakho yezempilo nokuba unayo i-IBD. Ugqirha wakho uya kujonga ukuba unaso na isisu sethenda kwaye ingaba bayasiva na isandi sesisu esenziwe kwisstethoscope esiswini sakho.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba une-megacolon enetyhefu, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu. Iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba esi sifo sifaka:

• X-reyi zesisu
• Ukuvavanywa kwe-CT kwesisu
• iimvavanyo zegazi ezinje ngokubala okupheleleyo kwegazi (CBC) kunye nee-electrolyte zegazi

Iphathwa njani i-megacolon enetyhefu?

Unyango lwe-megacolon enetyhefu ihlala ibandakanya utyando. Ukuba uphuhlisa le meko, uya kungeniswa esibhedlele. Uya kufumana ulwelo ukuthintela ukothuka. Umothuko yimeko esongela ubomi eyenzeka xa usulelo emzimbeni lubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho lwehle ngokukhawuleza.

Nje ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luzinzile, uyakufuna utyando ukulungisa i-megacolon enetyhefu. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-megacolon enetyhefu inokuvelisa iinyembezi okanye ukubola kwikholoni. Ezi nyembezi kufuneka zilungiswe ukuthintela ibacteria evela kwikholoni ekungeneni emzimbeni.

Nokuba akukho kugqobhoza, izicubu zekolon zinokuba buthathaka okanye zonakaliswe kwaye zifuna ukususwa. Kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bomonakalo, kuya kufuneka ufumane i-colectomy. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukususwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokungagungqiyo kwikholoni.

Uya kuthatha i-antibiotics ngexesha nasemva kotyando. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane aya kunceda ukuthintela usulelo olunzulu olubizwa ngokuba yi-sepsis. I-Sepsis ibangela impendulo ebukhali emzimbeni edla ngokusongela ubomi.

Ndingayikhusela njani i-megacolon enetyhefu?

I-megacolon enetyhefu yinkxalabo ye-IBD okanye izifo. Ukuba unayo enye yezi meko, kuya kufuneka ulandele iingcebiso zikagqirha wakho. Oku kunokubandakanya ukwenza utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokuthatha amayeza athile. Ukulandela iingcebiso zikagqirha wakho kuya kunceda ukulawula iimpawu ze-IBD, ukuthintela usulelo, kunye nokunciphisa amathuba okuba uphuhlise i-megacolon enetyhefu.

Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Ukuba uphuhlisa i-megacolon enetyhefu kwaye ngokukhawuleza ufuna unyango esibhedlele, umbono wakho wexesha elide uya kuba ulungile. Ukufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo kule meko kuya kunceda ukuthintela iingxaki, kubandakanya:

• ukugqobhoza (ukuqhekeka) kwikholoni
• ispsis
• ukothuka
• ikhoma

Ukuba kukho iingxaki ze-megacolon enetyhefu, ugqirha wakho kungafuneka athathe amanyathelo abalulekileyo. Ukugqitywa ngokupheleleyo kwekholoni kunokufuna ukuba ubeke i-ileostomy okanye ileoanal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). Ezi zixhobo ziya kususa ilindle emzimbeni wakho emva kokuba ikholoni yakho isusiwe.