I-Adenocarcinoma engeyiyo encinci: Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo loMhlaza wemiphunga

Umxholo

• Ngubani osemngciphekweni?
• Ukhula njani umhlaza?
• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Ufumanisa njani umhlaza?
• Uhlaselwa njani umhlaza?
• Unyangwa njani umhlaza?
• Imbonakalo

I-lung adenocarcinoma luhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga oqala kwiiseli zamadlala emiphunga. Ezi seli zenza kwaye zikhuphe ulwelo olufana nencindi. Malunga neepesenti ezingama-40 zayo yonke imihlaza yomhlaza yemiphunga ayizizo i-adenocarcinomas zeseli ezincinci.

Ezinye iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu esincinci esincinci yi-squamous cell lung carcinoma kunye ne-cell carcinoma enkulu. Uninzi lwee-cancer eziqala ebeleni, kwi-pancreas, nakwi-prostate nazo zi-adenocarcinomas.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni?

Nangona abantu abatshayayo benomhlaza wemiphunga, abantu abangatshayiyo banako ukuba nalo mhlaza. Ukuphefumla umoya ongcolileyo kunokuphakamisa umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga. Iikhemikhali ezifumaneke kwimoto yedizili, kwiimveliso zamalahle, ipetroli, ikloride, nakwi-formaldehyde zisenokuba yingozi nazo.

Ngaphezulu kwexesha elide, unyango lwemitha yemiphunga lunokuphakamisa umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga. Amanzi okusela aqukethe i-arsenic ikwayimeko yomngcipheko wesifo somhlaza esingeyiyo esincinci.

Abasetyhini banokuba semngciphekweni kunamadoda kolu hlobo lwesifo semiphunga. Kwakhona, abantu abancinci abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu banamathuba okuba ne-adenocarcinoma engeyiyo encinci kunezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga.

Ukhula njani umhlaza?

I-adenocarcinoma engeyiyo encinci yeseli ithanda ukwenzeka kwiiseli ezingaphandle kwemiphunga. Kwinqanaba langaphambi komhlaza, iiseli zenza utshintsho kwimfuza ezibangela ukuba iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zikhule ngokukhawuleza.

Olunye uguquko kwimfuzo lunokukhokelela kutshintsho olunceda iiseli zomhlaza zikhule kwaye zenze ubunzima okanye ithumba. Iiseli ezenza ithumba lomhlaza wemiphunga zinokuqhekeka zisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Kwangoko, umntu onomhlaza womhlaza wemiphunga ongekho mncinci usenokungafumani zimpawu. Emva kokuba iimpawu zivela, zihlala zibandakanya ukukhwehlela okungapheli. Inokubangela nesifuba xa uthatha umoya ophefumlayo, ukhohlela okanye uhleka.

Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukudinwa
• ukuvutha
• ukhohlela igazi
• phlegm leyo imdaka ngombala okanye bomvu ngombala

Ufumanisa njani umhlaza?

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zinokucebisa ngobukho be-adenocarcinoma yeseli engeyiyo encinci. Kodwa ekuphela kwendlela ugqirha anokuwuqonda ngokuqinisekileyo umhlaza kukujonga iiseli zemiphunga phantsi kwemicroscope.

Ukuphonononga iiseli kwisikhohlela okanye iphlegm kunokuba luncedo ekuchongeni ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga, nangona kungenjalo ngemihlaza yomhlaza wamaphaphu ongekho mncinci.

Inaliti yokuvavanywa kwenaliti, apho iiseli zitsaliwe kubunzima obukrokrisayo, yindlela ethembekileyo ngakumbi koogqirha. Ukujonga iimvavanyo, ezinje nge-X-ray, zikwasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa umhlaza wemiphunga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye ne-X-ray akukhuthazwa, ngaphandle kokuba unempawu.

Uhlaselwa njani umhlaza?

Ukukhula komhlaza kuchazwa ngokwamanqanaba:

• Inqanaba le-0: Umhlaza awusasazekanga ngaphaya komgca wangaphakathi wemiphunga.
• Inqanaba 1: Umhlaza usaqala, kwaye awusasazekanga kwinkqubo ye-lymph.
• Isigaba sesi-2: Umhlaza usasazeke kwii-lymph node ezikufutshane nemiphunga.
• Isigaba sesi-3: Umhlaza usasazeke kwezinye i-lymph node okanye izicubu.
• Isigaba 4: Umhlaza wemiphunga usasazeke kwamanye amalungu.

Unyangwa njani umhlaza?

Unyango olusebenzayo lwe-adenocarcinoma yeseli engeyiyo encinci luxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza. Utyando lokususa yonke okanye inxenye kuphela yemiphunga iyafuneka rhoqo ukuba umhlaza awusasazekanga.

Utyando luhlala lubonelela elona thuba lihle lokusinda kolu hlobo lomhlaza. Ewe umsebenzi unzima kwaye ubeka umngcipheko. I-Chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwemitha kunokufuneka ukuba umhlaza usasazekile.

Imbonakalo

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela i-adenocarcinoma engeyiyo encinci kukungaze uqale ukutshaya kunye nokuthintela umngcipheko owaziwayo. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba sele utshaye iminyaka emininzi, kungcono uyeke kunokuba uqhubeke.

Nje ukuba uyeke ukutshaya, umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa zonke iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga uqala ukunciphisa. Kuyathintelwa ukuphepha ukutshaya.