Uvavanyo lwe-Osmolality

Umxholo

• Luthini uvavanyo lwe-osmolality?
• Zenzelwe ntoni?
• Kutheni le nto ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-osmolality?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-osmolality?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo lwe-osmolality?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-osmolality?
• Izalathiso

Luthini uvavanyo lwe-osmolality?

Uvavanyo lwe-Osmolality lilinganisa isixa sezinto ezithile egazini, umchamo, okanye isitulo. Oku kubandakanya iswekile (iswekile), i-urea (imveliso yenkunkuma eyenziwe esibindini), kunye nee-electrolyte ezininzi, ezinjenge-sodium, i-potassium ne-chloride. I-Electrolyte zimbiwa ezihlawuliswa ngombane. Banceda ukulawula inani lamanzi emzimbeni wakho. Uvavanyo lunokubonisa ukuba ngaba unempilo eseleyo emzimbeni wakho. Ukulinganisela okungafunekiyo kolwelo kunokubangelwa ziimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Oku kubandakanya ukutya kakhulu ityuwa, isifo sezintso, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nezinye iintlobo zetyhefu.

Amanye amagama: i-serum osmolality, iplasma osmolality urm osmolality, stool osmolality, osmotic gap

Zenzelwe ntoni?

Uvavanyo lwe-Osmolality lunokusetyenziselwa izizathu ezahlukeneyo. Uvavanyo lwe-osmolality yegazi, ekwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-serum osmolality, ihlala isetyenziswa uku:

• Jonga ibhalansi phakathi kwamanzi kunye neekhemikhali ezithile ezisegazini.
• Fumanisa ukuba uginye ityhefu enje ngesinqanda-kubanda okanye uhlikihla utywala
• Nceda ukufumanisa ukungabikho kwamanzi emzimbeni, imeko apho umzimba wakho uphulukana nolwelo oluninzi
• Nceda ufumane ukuxilongwa kwamanzi, imeko apho umzimba wakho ugcina khona amanzi amaninzi
• Uncedo lokufumanisa isifo sikashukela i-insipidus, imeko echaphazela izintso kwaye inokukhokelela ekuphelisweni komzimba

Ngamanye amaxesha iplasma yegazi ikwavavanywa kwi-osmolality. I-Serum ne-plasma zombini ziinxalenye zegazi. IPlasma inezinto ezibandakanya iiseli zegazi kunye neeproteni ezithile. ISerum lulwelo olucacileyo olungenazo ezi zinto.

Uvavanyo lokuchama komchamo ihlala isetyenziswa kunye novavanyo lwe-serum osmolality ukujonga ulungelelwaniso lomzimba womzimba. Uvavanyo lomchamo lungasetyenziselwa ukufumana esona sizathu sokwanda okanye ukunciphisa ukuncipha.

Uvavanyo lwe-stool osmolality isoloko isetyenziselwa ukufumana isizathu sohudo olungapheliyo olungabangelwa yintsholongwane yebhakteria.

Kutheni le nto ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-osmolality?

Unokufuna i-serum osmolality okanye uvavanyo lwe-osmolality yomchamo ukuba uneempawu zokungalingani kwamanzi, isifo seswekile, okanye iintlobo ezithile zetyhefu.

Iimpawu zokungalingani kwamanzi kunye nesifo sikashukela i-insipidus ziyafana kwaye zinokubandakanya:

• Ukunxanwa kakhulu (ukuba uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni)
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukudideka
• Ukudinwa
• Ukuxhuzula

Iimpawu zetyhefu ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwento eginyisiweyo, kodwa inokubandakanya:

• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Ukuxhuzula, imeko ebangela ukushukuma okungalawulekiyo kwezihlunu zakho
• Kunzima ukuphefumla
• Intetho egudileyo

Unokufuna umchamo osmolality ukuba unengxaki yokuchama okanye uchama kakhulu.

Unokufuna uvavanyo lwe-stool osmolality ukuba unesifo sohudo esinganyangekiyo esingenakuchazwa sisifo sentsholongwane okanye sisidleleli okanye esinye isizathu esinjengomonakalo wamathumbu.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-osmolality?

Ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi (i-serum osmolality okanye iplasma osmolality):

Ingcali yokhathalelo lwempilo iyakuthatha isampulu yegazi kumthambo engalweni yakho, isebenzisa inaliti encinci. Emva kokuba inaliti ifakiwe, inani elincinci legazi liya kuqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo okanye igutyana. Unokuziva uluma kancinci xa inaliti ingena okanye iphuma. Oku kuhlala kuthatha imizuzu engaphantsi kwesihlanu.

Ngexesha lovavanyo lokuchama komchamo:

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kufuna ukuqokelela isampulu yomchamo wakho. Uya kufumana isikhongozeli sokuqokelela umchamo kunye nemiyalelo ekhethekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba isampulu ayinyumba. Le miyalelo ihlala ibizwa ngokuba "yindlela yokubambisa ecocekileyo." Indlela yokubamba ecocekileyo ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Hlamba izandla zakho.
• Coca indawo yakho yobuni ngesiphedi sokucoca osinikwe ngumboneleli wakho. Amadoda kufuneka asule incam yelungu labo lobudoda. Abasetyhini kufuneka bavule iilabia zabo kwaye bacoceke ngaphambili ukuya ngasemva.
• Qalisa ukuchama kwindlu yangasese.
• Hambisa isitya sokuqokelela phantsi komjelo wakho womchamo.
• Qokelela ubuncinci i-ounce okanye ezimbini zomchamo kwisitya, ekufuneka sinamanqaku ukubonisa izixa.
• Gqiba uchama ungene kwindlu yangasese.
• Buyisela isampulu yesikhongozelo kumboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-stool osmolality:

Uya kudinga ukubonelela ngesampulu yendlu. Umboneleli wakho uya kukunika imiyalelo ethile ngendlela yokuqokelela nokuthumela kwisampulu yakho. Imiyalelo yakho inokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Nxiba iiglavu zerabha okanye zelatex.
• Qokelela kwaye ugcine isitulo kwisikhongozeli esikhethekileyo osinikwe ngumboneleli wakho wezempilo okanye ilebhu. Unokufumana isixhobo okanye isixhobo sokukunceda ukuqokelela isampulu.
• Qiniseka ukuba awukho umchamo, amanzi endlu yangasese, okanye iphepha langasese elidityaniswe nesampulu.
• Tywina kwaye ubhale ileyibhile.
• Susa iiglavu kwaye uhlambe izandla zakho.
• Buyisela isikhongozeli kumboneleli wakho wezempilo okanye kwilebhu ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba nengxaki yokuhambisa isampulu yakho ngexesha, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Kuya kufuneka ukhawuleze (ungatyi okanye usele) iiyure ezingama-6 phambi kovavanyo okanye unciphise ulwelo kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-14 phambi kovavanyo. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kukwazisa ukuba ngaba kukho nayiphi na imiyalelo ekhethekileyo ekufuneka uyilandele.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo lwe-osmolality?

Mncinci kakhulu umngcipheko wokuvavanywa kwegazi. Unokuba nentlungu encinci okanye ukrakra kwindawo apho inaliti yafakwa khona, kodwa uninzi lweempawu zihamba ngokukhawuleza.

Akukho bungozi bokuba ube nomchamo okanye uvavanyo lwesto.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Ukuba iziphumo zakho ze-serum osmolality bezingaqhelekanga, oko kunokuthetha ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo:

• I-Antifreeze okanye olunye uhlobo lwetyhefu
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye ukugqithisa
• Ininzi okanye ityuwa encinci egazini
• Isifo seswekile
• Ukubetha

Ukuba iziphumo zomchamo wakho wokuchama bezingaqhelekanga, oko kunokuthetha ukuba unale miqathango ilandelayo:

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye ukugqithisa
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Isifo sesibindi
• Isifo sezintso

Ukuba iziphumo zakho ze-stool osmolality bezingaqhelekanga, kunokuthetha ukuba unale miqathango ilandelayo:

• Urhudo oluyinyani, imeko ebangelwa kukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi
• I-Malabsorption, imeko echaphazela ukubanakho kokugaya kunye nokuthatha izakhamzimba ekudleni

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zakho, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-osmolality?

Umboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo unoku-odola uvavanyo ngakumbi kunye okanye emva kovavanyo lwakho lwe-osmolality. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• Uvavanyo lwe-urea nitrogen (BUN)
• Uvavanyo lweglucose yegazi
• Iphaneli ye-Electrolyte
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lweAlbumin
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lobugqi (FOBT)

Izalathiso

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Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.