Osteomyelitis: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Izizathu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuchonga
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Kufuneka ukusikwa nini?
• Olunye unyango

I-Osteomyelitis ligama elinikwe usulelo lwethambo, oluhlala lubangelwa ziintsholongwane, kodwa olunokubangelwa ngumngundo okanye iintsholongwane. Olu sulelo lwenzeka ngokungangcoliseki ngqo kwithambo, ngokusika ngokunzulu, ukuqhekeka okanye ukufakelwa kweprosthesis, kodwa inokufikelela nakwithambo ngegazi, ngexesha lesifo esosulelayo, esifana nethumba, i-endocarditis okanye isifo sephepha., umzekelo.

Nabani na onokuthi aluphuhlise olu suleleko, aluhlali luchaphazeleka lusuka komnye umntu luye komnye, kwaye iimpawu ezibangelwe zibandakanya iintlungu zalapha kwindawo echaphazelekayo, ukudumba nokubomvu, kunye nomkhuhlane, isicaphucaphu kunye nokudinwa. Ukongeza, i-osteomyelitis inokuhlelwa ngokwexesha lendaleko, indlela yosulelo kunye nokuphendula komzimba:

• Ngamandla: xa kufunyaniswa kwiiveki zokuqala ezimbini zesi sifo;
• Inkqutyana: ichongiwe kwaye ifunyaniswe kwisithuba seeveki ezi-6;
• Ixesha: kuyenzeka xa ihlala ngaphezulu kweeveki ezi-6 okanye xa isenza ithumba, ngesiqhelo kuba ayichongwanga kwaye inyangwa ngokukhawuleza, iguquka kwaye isiba mandundu ngokuthe chu ngokuqhubekayo, enokuqhubeka iinyanga okanye iminyaka.

I-Osteomyelitis inonyango olunzima noludla ixesha, kubandakanya nokusetyenziswa kwamachiza okuphelisa ii-microorganisms, ezinje ngee-antibiotics ezinedosi eziphezulu kunye nexesha elide. Utyando lunokuboniswa kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukususa izicubu ezifileyo kunye nokwenza lula ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Izizathu eziphambili

Ezinye zezinto eziphambili ezinxulunyaniswa nophuhliso lwe-osteomyelitis zezi:

• Ulusu okanye amathumba amazinyo;
• Izilonda zolusu, ezinjengokusikwa, amanxeba, i-cellulitis esosulelayo, inaliti, utyando okanye ukumiliselwa kwesixhobo;
• Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo, kwiingozi;
• Ukufakelwa kokudityaniswa kwamalungu okanye amathambo;
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo, njenge-endocarditis, isifo sephepha, i-brucellosis, i-aspergillosis okanye i-candidiasis.

I-Osteomyelitis inokwenzeka nakubani na, kubandakanya abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abanokungakhuseleki komzimba, njengabo banesifo seswekile, okanye abasebenzisa i-corticosteroids ngokungapheliyo okanye abafumana unyango lwe-chemotherapy, umzekelo, kunye nabantu abanengxaki yokuhamba kwegazi, abanezifo zemithambo-luvo okanye abasandula ukwenza utyando olukhulu. Olu hlobo losulelo ngokulula ngakumbi, njengoko ezi zizimeko ezibeka emngciphekweni ukuhamba kwegazi okusempilweni kwithambo kwaye kuthande ukwanda kwamagciwane.

Indlela yokuchonga

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-osteomyelitis, zombini ezibi kunye ezingapheliyo, zibandakanya:

• Intlungu yendawo, enokuqhubeka kwisigaba esingapheliyo;
• Ukudumba, ukuba bomvu kunye nobushushu kwindawo echaphazelekayo;
• Umkhuhlane, ukusuka kuma-38 ukuya kuma-39ºC;
• Ukugodola;
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha;
• Kunzima ukuhambisa ummandla ochaphazelekayo;
• Ithumba okanye i-fistula eluswini.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngovavanyo lweklinikhi kunye novavanyo olongezelelekileyo kunye novavanyo lwelabhoratri (ukubala kwegazi, i-ESR, i-PCR), kunye ne-radiografi, itomografi, i-magnetic resonance okanye i-bone scintigraphy. Isiqwenga semathiriyeli esosulelekileyo kufuneka sisuswe sichonge ii-microorganism ezijongene nosulelo, ukuququzelela unyango.

Ugqirha uya kukhathalela ukwahlula i-osteomyelitis kwezinye izifo ezinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo, ezinjenge-septic arthritis, ithumba le-Ewing, i-cellulite okanye ithumba elinzulu, umzekelo. Jonga indlela yokwahlulahlula ezona zinto zibangela iintlungu zethambo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Phambi kwe-osteomyelitis, unyango kufuneka lwenziwe ngokukhawuleza ukuvumela unyango, kunye namayeza anamandla aneempembelelo ezikhawulezayo, ekhokelwa ngugqirha wamathambo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uhlala esibhedlele ukuqala i-antibiotics emthanjeni, ukwenza iimvavanyo zokuchonga ii-microorganism kunye notyando.

Ukuba kukho ukuphuculwa kweklinikhi ngamayeza, kunokwenzeka ukuqhubeka nonyango ekhaya, ngamayeza ngomlomo.

Kufuneka ukusikwa nini?

Ukunqunyulwa komzimba kuyimfuneko kuphela njengecebo lokugqibela, xa ukubandakanyeka kwamathambo kunzima kakhulu kwaye kungakhange kuphuculwe kunyango okanye kuqhaqho, kubonise umngcipheko omkhulu wobomi bomntu.

Olunye unyango

Akukho hlobo lonyango lwasekhaya ekufuneka lutshintshe amayeza alawulwa ngugqirha ukunyanga i-osteomyelitis, kodwa indlela elungileyo yokukhawulezisa ukubuyisa kukuphumla, kunye nokugcina ukutya okufanelekileyo kunye ne-hydration elungileyo.

I-Physiotherapy ayilulo unyango olunceda ukunyanga i-osteomyelitis, kodwa inokuba luncedo ngexesha okanye emva konyango ukugcina umgangatho wobomi kunye nokunceda ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.