Ngaba iPancreatic Cancer ilifa? Funda oonobangela kunye neengozi

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela umhlaza wepancreatic, kwaye ngubani osemngciphekweni?
• Uqheleke kangakanani umhlaza wepancreatic?
• Iimpawu zokujonga
• Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho
• Yintoni onokuyilindela kuxilongo
• Yintoni eyenzekayo ngokulandelayo?

Ushwankathelo

Umhlaza wepancreatic uqala xa iiseli zepancreas zikhula ngokutshintsha kwiDNA yazo.

Ezi seli zingaqhelekanga azifi, njengoko iiseli eziqhelekileyo zisenza, kodwa ziyaqhubeka nokuzala. Kukukhula kwezi seli zomhlaza ezenza ithumba.

Olu hlobo lomhlaza luhlala luqala kwiiseli ezingqamana nomjelo wepancreas. Inokuqala nakwiiseli ze-neuroendocrine okanye ezinye iiseli ezivelisa iihomoni.

Umhlaza wepancreatic uqhuba kwezinye iintsapho. Ipesenti encinci yotshintsho kwimfuza ebandakanyeka kumhlaza wepancreatic ifunyenwe njengelifa. Uninzi lufunyenwe.

Kukho ezinye izinto ezimbalwa ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wepancreatic. Ezinye zazo zinokutshintshwa, kodwa ezinye azinako. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi.

Yintoni ebangela umhlaza wepancreatic, kwaye ngubani osemngciphekweni?

Unobangela othe ngqo womhlaza wepancreatic awunakuhlala uchongwa. Iinguqu ezithile zofuzo, zombini ezizuzwe njengelifa kunye nokufunyanwa, zinxulunyaniswa nomhlaza wepancreatic. Zininzi izinto ezinobungozi kumhlaza wepancreatic, nangona ezinye zazo zingathethi ukuba uza kufumana umhlaza wepancreatic. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nenqanaba lomntu ngamnye.

I-syndromes ezelwe njengelifa ezinxulumene nesi sifo zezi:

• ataxia telangiectasia, Kubangelwe lutshintsho kwilifa kwiATM
• usapho (okanye ilifa) pancreatitis, ngesiqhelo ngenxa yotshintsho kuhlobo lwePRSS1
• usapho polyposis adenomatous, Kubangelwa sisifo se-APC esineziphene
• usapho lwe-atypical multiple melanoma syndrome, ngenxa yenguqu kwi-p16 / CDKN2A gene
• Isifuba selifa kunye nesifo somhlaza we-ovari, Kubangelwe yi-BRCA1 kunye ne-BRCA2 uguquko
• Isifo seLi-Fraumeni, isiphumo sesiphene kuhlobo p53
• Isifo seLynch (ilifa lomhlaza nonpolyposis umhlaza), ngesiqhelo kubangelwa ziziphene ze-MLH1 okanye ze-MSH2
• ezininzi ze-endocrine neoplasia, uhlobo 1, Kubangelwa sisifo esingalunganga seMEN1
• neurofibromatosis, uhlobo 1, ngenxa yotshintsho kuhlobo lweNF1
• Isifo sePeutz-Jeghers, Kubangelwa ziziphene kuhlobo lwe-STK11
• Isifo seVon Hippel-Lindau, iziphumo zotshintsho kuhlobo lweVHL

"Umhlaza wosukelo wepancreatic" kuthetha ukuba usebenza kusapho oluthile apho:

• Ubuncinci izalamane zokuqala (umzali, umntakwenu, okanye umntwana) banomhlaza wepancreatic.
• Kukho izalamane ezintathu okanye nangaphezulu ezinomhlaza wepancreatic kwicala elinye losapho.
• Kukho isifo somhlaza wosapho esaziwayo kunye nelungu elinye losapho elinomhlaza wepancreatic.

Ezinye iimeko ezinokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wepancreatic zezi:

• pancreatitis ezingapheliyo
• ukuqina kwesibindi
• Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) usulelo
• uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile

Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya:

• Ubudala. Ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-80 zomhlaza wepancreatic ezikhulayo ebantwini abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-60 nama-80.
• Isini. Amadoda anomngcipheko ophakame kancinci kunowasetyhini.
• Uhlanga. Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika banomngcipheko ophakamileyo kancinci kunabantu baseCaucasus.

Izinto zokuphila zinokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wepancreatic. Umzekelo:

• Ukutshaya umdiza uphinda-phinda umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza wepancreatic. Iicigars, imibhobho, kunye neemveliso zecuba elingena msi nazo zikwazisa umngcipheko.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu iphakamisa umngcipheko womhlaza wepancreatic malunga neepesenti ezingama-20.
• Ukuvezwa kakhulu kwimichiza esetyenziswe kwimizi-mveliso yentsimbi kunye nokucoca indawo eyomileyo kunokuphakamisa umngcipheko.

Uqheleke kangakanani umhlaza wepancreatic?

Luhlobo olunqabileyo lomhlaza. Malunga neepesenti ze-1.6 zabantu baya kuba nomhlaza wepancreatic ebomini babo.

Iimpawu zokujonga

Uninzi lwexesha, iimpawu azibonakali kwinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza wepancreatic.

Njengoko umhlaza uqhubela phambili, iimpawu kunye neempawu zingabandakanya:

• iintlungu esiswini sakho esingasentla, mhlawumbi zikhupha umva emqolo
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• ukuhla ukusinda
• ukudinwa
• ubumthubi besikhumba namehlo (i-jaundice)
• ukuqala kwesifo seswekile
• ukudakumba

Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho

Akukho luvavanyo lokuhlolwa kwesiqhelo kubantu abasemngciphekweni ophakathi womhlaza wepancreatic.

Unokuqwalaselwa emngciphekweni owandayo ukuba unembali yosapho yomhlaza wepancreatic okanye une-pancreatitis engapheliyo. Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unoku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi kwiscreen sokutshintsha kwemfuza okunxulunyaniswa nomhlaza wepancreatic.

Olu vavanyo lunokukuxelela ukuba unotshintsho, kodwa hayi ukuba unomdlavuza wepancreatic. Kananjalo, ukuba nokutshintsha kwemfuza akuthethi ukuba uza kufumana umhlaza wepancreatic.

Nokuba usemngciphekweni ophakathi okanye ophezulu, iimpawu ezinje ngeentlungu zesisu kunye nokwehla kwesisindo akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza wepancreatic. Oku kunokuba yimiqondiso yeemeko ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ukuxilongwa. Ukuba unemiqondiso ye-jaundice, jonga ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni onokuyilindela kuxilongo

Ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukuthatha imbali yezonyango.

Emva kovavanyo lomzimba, uvavanyo lokuqonda isifo kunokubandakanya:

• Ukujonga iimvavanyo. Isikali se-Ultrasound, i-CT, iMRI, kunye nePET zinokusetyenziselwa ukwenza imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ukukhangela ukungaqheleki kwepancreas kunye namanye amalungu angaphakathi.
• I-endoscopic ultrasound. Kule nkqubo, ityhubhu ecekeceke, eguqukayo (i-endoscope) igqithiselwa ezantsi kwisisu sakho nakwisisu sakho ukujonga iipancreas.
• Uqhaqho. Ugqirha uyakufaka inaliti ebhityileyo esiswini sakho nakwiipancreas ukufumana isampuli yethishu ekrokrisayo. Ugqirha wezifo uya kuvavanya isampulu phantsi kwemicroscope ukumisela ukuba iiseli zinomhlaza.

Ugqirha wakho unokuvavanya igazi lakho kwizimpawu zethumba ezinxulunyaniswa nomhlaza wepancreatic. Kodwa olu vavanyo ayisosixhobo esithembekileyo sokuqonda isifo; ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukuba lusebenza njani unyango.

Yintoni eyenzekayo ngokulandelayo?

Emva kokuxilongwa, umhlaza kufuneka ubekwe kwinqanaba ngokokusasazeka kwawo. Umhlaza wepancreatic umiselwe ukusuka kwi-0 kuye kwi-4, kwaye i-4 yeyona ihamba phambili. Oku kunceda ukumisela ukhetho lwakho lonyango, olunokubandakanya utyando, unyango ngemitha, kunye nekhemotherapy.

Ngeenjongo zonyango, umhlaza wepancreatic unokuhlelwa njenge:

• Iyaqwalaseleka. Kubonakala ngathi ithumba linokususwa ngotyando ngokupheleleyo.
• Umda ohlawulelweyo. Umhlaza ufikelele kwimithambo yegazi ekufutshane, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha wotyando angawususa ngokupheleleyo.
• Ayinakulinganiswa. Ayinakususwa ngokupheleleyo kuqhaqho.

Ugqirha wakho uyakukuthathela ingqalelo oku, kunye neprofayili yakho epheleleyo yezonyango, ukukunceda uthathe isigqibo ngezona ndlela zonyango zilungileyo.