Uvavanyo lwepap: yintoni, yintoni kwaye iziphumo

Umxholo

• Yenzelwe ntoni
• Luqhutywa njani uviwo
• Indlela yokulungiselela
• Uyenza nini ipapa smear
• I-Pap smear ekukhulelweni
• Ukuqonda iziphumo

I-Pap smear, ekwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lothintelo, luvavanyo lwabasetyhini oluboniswe kwabasetyhini kwasekuqaleni kokwabelana ngesondo, olujolise ekufumaneni utshintsho kunye nezifo kumlomo wesibeleko, ezinje ngokudumba, i-HPV kunye nomhlaza.

Olu vavanyo luyakhawuleza, lwenziwa kwiofisi kagqirha kwaye alonzakalisi, nangona kunjalo owasetyhini unokuziva engonwabanga okanye uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwilungu lobufazi ngelixa ugqirha ekrwela iiseli zesibeleko.

Yenzelwe ntoni

I-Pap smear yenziwa ukuchonga utshintsho kwisibeleko, esinokubandakanya:

• Usulelo lobufazi, olunjenge-trichomoniasis, i-candidiasis okanye i-bacterial vaginosis ngo Gardnerella lobufazi;
• Izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, ezinjenge chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis okanye HPV;
• Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko;
• Vavanya impilo yomlomo wesibeleko kunye nobukho beNaboth cysts, ngamaqhuqhuva amancinci anokubakho ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kolwelo olukhutshwa ngamadlala akhoyo kumlomo wesibeleko.

Iipap smears zinokwenziwa nangabafazi abangazani nandoda emva kweminyaka engama-21, besebenzisa izixhobo ezizodwa kwaye baxhomekeke kuphela kugqirha, ukuze kuvavanywe umlomo wesibeleko kwaye kuchongwe utshintsho olunokwenzeka.

Luqhutywa njani uviwo

Uvavanyo lwePap lulula, luyakhawuleza kwaye lwenziwa kwiofisi kagqirha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze yenziwe, kubalulekile ukuba owasetyhini alandele izikhokelo ezithile, njengokuthatha uvavanyo ngaphandle kwexesha lokuya exesheni, ukungabinayo imvula yangasese kunye nokusebenzisa izithambiso zesisu iiyure ezingama-48 ngaphambi koviwo kwaye ungabelani ngesondo kwiiyure ezingama-48 ngaphambi uviwo.

Ngexesha loviwo, umfazi ukwimeko yamanina kwaye isixhobo sonyango sokujonga umlomo wesibeleko sifakwa kumjelo wobufazi. Emva koko, ugqirha usebenzisa ispatula okanye ibrashi ukuqokelela isampulu encinci yeeseli eziza kuthunyelwa kuhlalutyo elebhu. Ukongeza, izilayidi ezimbini zenziwe kwizinto eziqokelelweyo ngexesha loviwo ezithunyelwa kwilebhu ye-microbiology ukuchonga ubukho bezinto ezincinci.

Uvavanyo alonzakalisi, nangona kunjalo ungaziva ungonwabanga okanye uziva uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwesibeleko ngexesha loviwo, nangona kunjalo imvakalelo iya kudlula kanye emva kokususwa kwespatula kunye nesixhobo sonyango.

Bona ngakumbi malunga nendlela olwenziwa ngayo uvavanyo lwePap.

Indlela yokulungiselela

Ukulungiselela i-pap smear kulula kwaye kubandakanya ukuthintela ubudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweekhondom, ukunqanda ukuhlamba impilo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza okanye izinto zokucwangcisa ezesini kwiintsuku ezi-2 phambi koviwo.

Ukongeza, owasetyhini akufuneki nokuba aye exesheni, kuba ubukho begazi bunokutshintsha iziphumo zovavanyo.

Jonga xa kufuneka olunye uvavanyo ukuvavanya umlomo wesibeleko.

Uyenza nini ipapa smear

Uvavanyo lwePap lubonakalisiwe kwabasetyhini ukusukela ekuqaleni kwesenzo sokwabelana ngesondo kude kube kubudala beminyaka engama-65, nangona kunjalo ibekwa phambili kwabasetyhini abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-25 nama-65 ubudala. Olu viwo kufuneka lwenziwe qho ngonyaka, kodwa ukuba iziphumo azibi kwiminyaka emi-2 elandelelanayo, uvavanyo lunokwenziwa rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-3. Olu ngcebiso lukho ngenxa yokuvela kancinci komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, ukuvumela izilonda ezinomhlaza kunye nomhlaza ukuba zichongwe kwangethuba kwaye unyango lunokuqaliswa emva koko.

Kwimeko yabafazi abaneminyaka yobudala engama-64 abangazange benze iPap smear, isindululo kukuba kufuneka kwenziwe iimvavanyo ezimbini ngekhefu leminyaka eli-1 ukuya kwemi-3 phakathi kweemviwo. Kwimeko yabasetyhini abanezilonda ezibonisa umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, iPap smear yenziwa qho kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ubangelwa yiHuman Papillomavirus, i-HPV, ekufuneka ichongiwe kwaye inyangwe ukuyinqanda ukuba ihlale emzimbeni kwaye ikhokelele kuphuhliso lomhlaza. Funda ukuba ungaluchonga njani usulelo lwe-HPV kunye nokuba lwenziwa njani unyango.

I-Pap smear ekukhulelweni

Iipap smears zinokwenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa ukuya kuthi ga kwinyanga yesine ubukhulu becala, ngokukhethekileyo kwenziwa kutyelelo lokuqala lokubeleka, ukuba owasetyhini akakhange enze njalo kutshanje. Ukongeza, uvavanyo lukhuselekile emntwaneni, kuba alufikeleli ngaphakathi kwisibeleko okanye kwimveku engekazalwa.

Ukuqonda iziphumo

Iziphumo zePap smear zikhutshwa elebhu ngokweempawu zeeseli eziqwalaselwe phantsi kwemicroscope, ezinokuthi:

• Iklasi I: umlomo wesibeleko uqhelekile kwaye usempilweni;
• Iklasi II: ubukho beenguqu ezinobungozi kwiiseli, ezibangelwa kukudumba kwelungu lobufazi;
• Udidi III: ibandakanya i-NIC 1, 2 okanye 3 okanye i-LSIL, into ethetha ukuba kukho utshintsho kwiiseli zomlomo wesibeleko kwaye ugqirha unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ukujonga unobangela wengxaki, onokuba yi-HPV;
• Iklasi IV; I-NIC 3 okanye i-HSIL, ebonisa ukuqala komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko;
• Iklasi V: ubukho bomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
• Isampulu engonelisiyo: izinto eziqokelelweyo bezingonelanga kwaye uviwo alunakwenziwa.

Ngokomphumo, ugqirha wamazinyo uza kukuxelela ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba wenze olunye uvavanyo kwaye loluphi unyango olufanelekileyo. Kwiimeko zosulelo lwe-HPV okanye utshintsho kwiiseli, uvavanyo kufuneka luphindwe lwenziwe emva kweenyanga ezi-6, kwaye ukuba kurhanelwa umhlaza, kufuneka kwenziwe ikholposcopy, eluvavanyo olunenkcukacha ngakumbi kumanina apho ugqirha avavanya khona ubufazi, ubufazi kunye umlomo wesibeleko. Qonda ukuba yintoni icolposcopy kwaye yenziwa njani.