Ukususwa kweNdlala yeParathyroid

Umxholo

• Yintoni ukususwa kwendlala yeparathyroid?
• Kutheni le nto ndifuna ukususwa kwendlala yeparathyroid?
• Iimpawu zehypercalcemia
• Iindidi zoqhaqho lokususwa kwamadlala okubambela
• Iparathyroidectomy ekhokelwa ngonomathotholo
• Iparathyroidectomy encediswa yividiyo (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-endoscopic parathyroidectomy)
• Ukulungiselela utyando
• Iingozi zotyando
• Emva kotyando

Yintoni ukususwa kwendlala yeparathyroid?

Amadlala apherathyroid aqukethe iziqwenga ezine ezincinane kwaye zijikeleze. Zincamathele kumqolo wedlala lengqula entanyeni yakho. Ezi ndlala ziyinxalenye yenkqubo ye-endocrine. Inkqubo yakho ye-endocrine ivelisa kwaye ilawule iihomoni ezichaphazela ukukhula kwakho, ukukhula, ukusebenza komzimba kunye nomoya.

Izibilini zeParathyroid zilawula inani le-calcium egazini lakho. Xa inqanaba lecalcium liphantsi kwigazi lakho, la madlala akhupha ihomoni yeparathyroid (PTH), ethatha ikhalsiyam emathanjeni akho.

Ukususwa kwe-Parathyroid gland kubhekisa kuhlobo lotyando olwenziwe ukususa la madlala. Kukwaziwa njengeparathyroidectomy. Olu tyando lunokusetyenziswa ukuba igazi lakho line calcium eninzi kakhulu. Le yimeko eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hypercalcemia.

Kutheni le nto ndifuna ukususwa kwendlala yeparathyroid?

I-Hypercalcemia yenzeka xa amanqanaba egazi e-calcium ephezulu ngokungaqhelekanga. Esona sizathu siqhelekileyo sehypercalcemia kukuveliswa ngokugqithisileyo kwe-PTH kwenye okanye kwincindi yedlala engathandekiyo. Olu luhlobo lwe-hyperparathyroidism ebizwa ngokuba yi-primary hyperparathyroidism. I-hyperparathyroidism yaseprayimari iphindwe kabini kunabafazi njengakwindoda. Uninzi lwabantu olufunyaniswe ukuba lune-hyperthyroidism ephambili lungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala. Umndilili weminyaka yokuxilongwa ujikeleze iminyaka engama-65.

Unokufuna ukususwa kwendlala yeparathyroid ukuba unayo:

• Amathumba abizwa ngokuba yi-adenomas, ahlala enobungozi kwaye kunqabile ukuba abe ngumhlaza
• amathumba anomhlaza okanye kufutshane namadlala
• I-parathyroid hyperplasia, imeko apho zonke iincindi ze-parathyroid zanda.

Amanqanaba egazi ngecalcium anokuphakama nokuba inye kuphela into echaphazelekayo. Inye kuphela i-parathyroid gland ebandakanyekayo kuma-80 ukuya kuma-85% amatyala.

Iimpawu zehypercalcemia

Iimpawu zinokungacaci kumanqanaba okuqala e-hypercalcemia. Njengoko imeko iqhubeka, unokuba:

• ukudinwa
• ukudakumba
• iintlungu zemisipha
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• ukunxanwa ngokugqithiseleyo
• ukuchama rhoqo
• intlungu zesisu
• ukuqhina
• ubuthathaka bemisipha
• ukudideka
• amatye ezintso
• amathambo aqhekekile

Abantu abangenazimpawu banokufuna ukubekwa esweni kuphela. Amatyala amancinci anokulawulwa kwezonyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-hypercalcemia ingenxa ye-hyperparathyroidism ephambili, kuphela kotyando olususa i-parathyroid gland (s) eya kuthi inike unyango.

Iziphumo ezibi kakhulu zehypercalcemia zezi:

• ukusilela kwezintso
• uxinzelelo lwegazi
• arrhythmia
• isifo semithambo
• Intliziyo eyandisiweyo
• i-atherosclerosis (imithambo eneempawu ezinamanqatha eziba lukhuni kwaye zisebenze ngokungaqhelekanga)

Oku kunokubangelwa kukwakhiwa kwecalcium kwimithambo kunye nezivalo zentliziyo.

Iindidi zoqhaqho lokususwa kwamadlala okubambela

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufumana kunye nokususa idlala yokugula parathyroid.

Ngokwendlela yesiko, ugqirha wakho ophonononga onke amadlala amane ngokubonakalayo ukuze abone ukuba ngubani onesifo kwaye ngubani omele asuswe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuhlola kwentamo yamazwe amabini. Ugqirha wakho wotyando wenza intambo embindini ukuya kwinqanaba elisezantsi lentamo yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wotyando uya kuzisusa zombini amadlala kwicala elinye.

Ukuba unomfanekiso obonisa idlala elinye lesifo ngaphambi koqhaqho lwakho, uya kuba neparathyroidectomy encinci enokungenwa kancinci (ngaphantsi kwe-intshi enye ubude). Imizekelo yeendlela ezinokusetyenziswa ngexesha lolu hlobo lotyando, olunokufuna ukongezwa okuncinci, kubandakanya:

Iparathyroidectomy ekhokelwa ngonomathotholo

Kwi-parathyroidectomy ekhokelwa ngonomathotholo, ugqirha wakho osebenzisa izixhobo ezinemitha yeathomthi eza kuthi zifunxwe zizifo ezine zeparathyroid. Uphenyo olukhethekileyo lunokufumana imithombo yelanga kwincindi nganye ukuze ikwazi ukuqhelanisa nokufumana incindi (s) yeparathyroid. Ukuba elinye okanye amabini kwicala elinye anesifo, ugqirha wakho wotyando kufuneka enze incisk encinci ukususa i-gland (s) enesifo.

Iparathyroidectomy encediswa yividiyo (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-endoscopic parathyroidectomy)

Kwi-parathyroidectomy encediswa yividiyo, ugqirha wakho osebenzisa ikhamera encinci kwi-endoscope. Ngale ndlela, ugqirha wakho wotyando wenza izinto ezimbini okanye ezintathu ezincinci ze-endoscope kunye nezixhobo zoqhaqho emacaleni entamo kunye nokusikwa okukodwa ngaphezulu kwethambo lesifuba. Oku kunciphisa ukubonakala okubonakalayo.

Iparathyroidectomy encinci engenayo ivumela ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ayizizo zonke izigulane ezigulayo ezifunyenweyo kwaye zisuswe, amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium aya kuqhubeka, kwaye kunokubakho isidingo sotyando lwesibini.

Abantu abane-parathyroid hyperplasia (echaphazela onke amadlala amane) baya kuhlala besuswe amadlala amathathu anesiqingatha. Ugqirha uya kushiya izicwili eseleyo ukulawula amanqanaba egazi calcium. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko izicwili zedlala yeparathyroid eziya kufuna ukuhlala emzimbeni ziya kususwa kwindawo yentamo kwaye zibekwe kwindawo efikelelekayo, njengengalo, kwimeko apho kufuneka zisuswe kamva.

Ukulungiselela utyando

Kuya kufuneka uyeke ukuthatha amayeza aphazamisa ukubanakho kwegazi lokugquma malunga neveki ngaphambi kotyando. Oku kubandakanya:

• Iasprini
• clopidogrel
• ibuprofen (Advil)
• I-naproxen (iAleve)
• iwarfarin

Ugqirha wakho uza kubuyekeza imbali yakho yonyango kunye nawe kwaye amisele ukuba loluphi uhlobo lweanesthesia oza kuyisebenzisa. Kuya kufuneka ukhawuleze ngaphambi kotyando.

Iingozi zotyando

Imingcipheko yolu tyando ikakhulu ibandakanya umngcipheko obandakanyekayo kulo naluphi na olunye uhlobo lotyando. Okokuqala, i-anesthesia ngokubanzi inokubangela iingxaki zokuphefumla kunye ne-aleji okanye ezinye iimpendulo ezichaseneyo kumayeza asetyenzisiweyo. Njengolunye utyando, ukopha kunye nosulelo kunokwenzeka.

Umngcipheko kolu tyando lubandakanya ukonzakala kwidlala lengqula kunye nemithambo-luvo entanyeni elawula iintambo zezwi. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, unokuba neengxaki zokuphefumla. Ezi zihlala zihamba iiveki ezininzi okanye iinyanga emva kotyando.

Amanqanaba egazi ngecalcium ngokwehla kwehla emva kolu tyando. Xa inqanaba legazi le-calcium liphantsi kakhulu, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hypocalcemia. Xa oku kusenzeka, unokuba namava okanye ugungqe kwiminwe yakho, iinzwane, okanye imilebe. Oku kuthintelwa ngokulula okanye kunyangwa ngamayeza e-calcium, kwaye le meko iphendula ngokukhawuleza kwizongezo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayihlali isigxina.

Unokucinga ngokufikelela kugqirha onamava ukunciphisa umngcipheko. Oogqirha abenza ubuncinci i-parathyroidectomies ezingama-50 ngonyaka bathathwa njengeengcali. Ingcali enezakhono iya kuba namaqondo asezantsi kakhulu kwiingxaki zotyando. Okwangoku, kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba alukho utyando olunokuqinisekiswa njengolungenangozi kwaphela.

Emva kotyando

Ungabuyela ekhaya kwangolo suku lotyando okanye uchithe ubusuku esibhedlele. Kukho ngokuqhelekileyo ezinye iintlungu ezilindelekileyo okanye ukungonwabi emva kotyando, njengomqala obuhlungu. Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela kwimisebenzi yabo yesiqhelo kwiveki okanye ezimbini, kodwa inokwahluka kumntu ngomntu.

Njengothintelo, igazi lakho le-calcium kunye namanqanaba e-PTH aya kujongwa ubuncinci iinyanga ezintandathu emva kotyando. Unokuthatha izongezo zonyaka emva kotyando lokwakha kwakhona amathambo athe aphanga ikhalsiyam.