Pneumothorax: yintoni na, iimpawu, iintlobo kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Yintoni ebangela i-pneumothorax
• 1. Iipneumothorax zaseprayimari
• 2. Ipneumothorax yesibini
• 3. I-pneumothorax ebuhlungu
• 4. I-pneumothorax ephezulu
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Pneumothorax ivela xa umoya, obekufanele ukuba ungaphakathi emiphungeni, uyakwazi ukubalekela kwisithuba sokubhengeza phakathi kwemiphunga kunye nodonga lwesifuba. Xa oku kusenzeka, umoya ubeka uxinzelelo emiphungeni, ubangele ukuba uwe, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba namava obunzima ekuphefumlweni, iintlungu zesifuba kunye nokukhohlela.

I-Pneumothorax ihlala ivela emva koxinzelelo, ngakumbi xa kunqunyulwe kwisifuba okanye emva kwengozi yezithuthi, kodwa inokuvela ngenxa yesifo esinganyangekiyo okanye nokuba ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, nangona kunqabile.

Kuba inokuchaphazela ngokuphefumlayo kwaye iguqule nokusebenza kwentliziyo, nanini na xa kurhanelwa i-pneumothorax, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uye esibhedlele kwangoko ukuya kuqinisekisa isifo kwaye uqalise unyango olufanelekileyo, ukuthintela iingxaki.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zepneumothorax zibandakanya:

• Iintlungu ezibuhlungu neziqubulisayo, eziba mandundu xa zisezela;
• Ukuziva uphefumla kancinci;
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla;
• Ulusu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngakumbi kwiminwe nasemilebeni;
• Ukunyuka kwentliziyo;
• Ukukhohlela rhoqo.

Ekuqaleni, iimpawu zinokuba nzima ngakumbi ukufumanisa kwaye, ke, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba i-pneumothorax ichongwe kuphela kwinqanaba eliphambili.

Ezi mpawu zinokubakho nakwezinye iingxaki zokuphefumla kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kufuneka zihlale zivavanywa yi-pulmonologist.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-pneumothorax inokuchongwa nge-X-ray yesifuba kunye novavanyo lweempawu, nangona kunjalo, ugqirha unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ezongezelelekileyo, ezinje ngecomputer tomography okanye i-ultrasound, ukuchonga ezinye iinkcukacha ezinceda ukulungisa unyango.

Yintoni ebangela i-pneumothorax

Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela i-pneumothorax. Ngenxa yoko, pneumothorax lungohlulwa lube iindidi ezine eziphambili:

1. Iipneumothorax zaseprayimari

Kubonakala kubantu ngaphandle kwembali yesifo semiphunga kwaye ngaphandle kwaso nasiphi na esinye isizathu esibonakalayo, kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abatshayayo nakubantu abanamanye amatyala e-pneumothorax kusapho.

Ukongeza, abantu abade okanye abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-34 nabo babonakala ngathi banamathuba okuphuhlisa olu hlobo lwepneumothorax.

2. Ipneumothorax yesibini

I-pneumothorax yesibini yenzeka njengengxaki yesinye isifo, ihlala iyingxaki yokuphefumla yangaphambili. Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zesifo semiphunga njengonobangela we-pneumothorax kubandakanya i-COPD, i-cystic fibrosis, isifo sombefu esibuhlungu, usulelo lwemiphunga kunye ne-pulmonary fibrosis.

Ezinye izifo ezinokubangela ne-pneumothorax, kodwa ezingadibani ngqo nemiphunga zi-rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis okanye i-dermatomyositis, umzekelo.

3. I-pneumothorax ebuhlungu

Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwepneumothorax olwenzeka xa ukwenzakala kwenzeka kwingingqi ye-thoracic, ngenxa yokusikeka okunzulu, ukwaphuka kwembambo okanye iingozi zendlela, umzekelo.

Ukongeza, abantu abadilika emanzini banolu hlobo lwe-pneumothorax, ngakumbi ukuba banyuka ngokukhawuleza ukuya kumphezulu, ngenxa yoxinzelelo olukhoyo.

4. I-pneumothorax ephezulu

Le yenye yeendlela ezinobuzaza kakhulu zepneumothorax, apho umoya udlula usuka emphungeni uye kwindawo yokubongoza kwaye awunakubuyela emphefumlweni, ngokuthe ngcembe uqokelela kwaye ubangele uxinzelelo olukhulu emiphungeni.

Olu hlobo, kunokwenzeka ukuba iimpawu ziba mandundu ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, ngokungxamisekileyo ukuya esibhedlele ukuze uqale unyango.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Eyona njongo iphambili yonyango kukususa umoya ogqithileyo oqokelelweyo, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo emiphungeni kunye nokuvumela ukuba wandise kwakhona. Ukwenza oku, umoya uhlala ufunwa ngenaliti efakwe phakathi kweembambo ukuze umoya uphume emzimbeni.

Emva koko, umntu kufuneka abe phantsi koqwalaselo ukuvavanya ukuba ngaba i-pneumothorax iyavela kwakhona, esenza iimviwo rhoqo. Ukuba iphinda ivele, kunganyanzeleka ukuba kwenziwe utyando ukufakela ityhubhu esusa umoya rhoqo okanye ukulungisa naluphi na utshintsho emiphungeni olubangela ukuba umoya uqokelele kwindawo yokubongoza.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba uchonge unobangela ochanekileyo we-pneumothorax ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba lukhona na unyango oluthe ngqo olufunekayo kwisizathu, ukuthintela i-pneumothorax ekubeni iphinde yenzeke.