Yintoni injongo kwaye kwenziwa njani utyando lokudlula?

Umxholo

• Luyintoni utyando lokudlula?
• Lwenziwa njani utyando
• Ngaba olu tyando luthintela ukujikeleza kwemilenze?
• Unjani uchacha
• Umngcipheko wokudlula

Ukudlula, okwaziwa ngokuba yi ukudlula i-cardiac okanye i-myocardial revascularization, luhlobo lotyando lwentliziyo apho iqhekeza lomthambo womlenze lifakwe entliziyweni, ukuhambisa igazi ukusuka kwi-aorta ukuya kwimisipha yentliziyo.

Olu hlobo lotyando lwenziwa xa kukho isithintelo esenziwe ngamanqatha anamanqatha kwimithambo yentliziyo, eyimithambo yegazi, engaphuculiyo kunye nezinye iintlobo zonyango kwaye, ke ngoko, inyusa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinje nge-infarction.

Luyintoni utyando lokudlula?

Intliziyo lelona lungu libalulekileyo lipompa igazi emzimbeni wonke, livumele ioksijini ifake imiphunga kwaye inike zonke iiseli kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo, intliziyo ifuna ukubonelela ngesihlunu sayo ngegazi eline-oksijini eninzi, ethi ifike kumthambo we-aorta ngemithambo yemisipha yentliziyo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yimithambo yegazi.

Xa ezi mithambo yegazi ibhlokiwe, ngenxa yobukho bamafutha kwiindonga zeenqanawa, umzekelo, igazi lidlula ngesixa esincinci ukuya kwimisipha kwaye, ke ngoko, kukho ukuhla kwenani leoksijini efikelela kwezi seli zemisipha. Xa oku kusenzeka, intliziyo ilahlekelwa yinxalenye yesakhono sayo sokumpompa igazi emzimbeni, ibangele iimpawu ezinjengokuphefumla kancinci, ukudinwa ngokulula kunye nokufa isiqaqa.

Ukongeza, ukuba igazi liyayeka ukudlula ngokupheleleyo, umsipha wentliziyo uya ekufeni kweseli kwaye kuvela isifo sentliziyo, esinokubusongela ubomi.

Ke, ukunqanda olu hlobo lubi lweengxaki, ugqirha wentliziyo unokucebisa ukuba enze utyando lokudlula, oluquka ukuthatha iqhekeza lomthambo womlenze kunye nokwenza "ibhulorho" phakathi kwe-aorta kunye nesiza kwangoko emva koko. umthambo wenhliziyo. Ngale ndlela, igazi liyakwazi ukuqhubeka lijikeleza kwimisipha yentliziyo kwaye intliziyo igcina ukusebenza kwayo okuqhelekileyo.

Lwenziwa njani utyando

Utyando lwe-Bypass lubuthathaka kwaye luhlala umndilili weeyure ezi-5. Amanyathelo otyando lokudlula ngala:

1. I-anesthesia ngokubanzi enesidingo sombhobho kwi-trachea ukulungiselela ukuphefumla;
2. Ukususwa kwenxalenye yethambo lomthambo emlenzeni;
3. Kusikiwe esifubeni, ukufikelela kwimithambo yentliziyo;
4. Ugqirha uvavanya imithambo evaliweyo, echaza iindawo zokwenza iibhulorho;
5. Umthambo we-saphenous uthungelwe kwindawo efanelekileyo;
6. Isifuba sivalekile, sutures ezikhethekileyo ukusondela kwi-sternum;

Ekupheleni kotyando, ityhubhu ekwi-trachea igcinwa ngeyure zokuqala zokuchacha.

Ngaba olu tyando luthintela ukujikeleza kwemilenze?

Nangona inxenye yethambo lomthambo lisuswe emlenzeni, ngesiqhelo, akukho ngxaki yokujikeleza kwemilenze, njengoko igazi lingaqhubeka lijikeleza kweminye imithambo. Ukongeza, emva kokususa inxenye yomthambo, kwenzeka inkqubo yendalo ngokupheleleyo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-revascularization, apho kwenziwa khona iinqanawa ezintsha ukubonelela ngeemfuno zomzimba kunye nokubuyisela indawo esusiweyo yomthambo oshushu.

Nangona ukudlula okungafunekiyo kuhlala kuyinto yokuqala yokhetho lwentliziyo, kukho ezinye izitya emzimbeni ezinokusetyenziselwa le njongo, ikakhulu imithambo yemammary, eyimithambo ebekwe esifubeni. Xa oku kusenzeka, utyando lunokwaziwa ngokuba yi "bridge yebele".

Unjani uchacha

Emva kotyando, isigulana kufuneka sihlale kwi-ICU kangangeentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3, ukwenza uvavanyo rhoqo lweempawu ezibalulekileyo kunye nokuthintela iingxaki ezinokubakho zotyando. Emva kokuthathelwa ingqalelo uzinzile, ungaya kwigumbi lasesibhedlele, apho uya kuqhubeka uthatha iipilisi zentlungu ukuthintela iintlungu kunye nokungonwabi esifubeni. Kweli nqanaba, kuya kufuneka uqale ngokunyanga ngokukhanya, ukuhamba nokuzilolonga.

Ukuchacha kolu tyando kuthabatha kancinci kwaye kuphela emva kweentsuku ezingama-90 apho umntu lowo aya kuba nakho ukubuyela kwindlela yabo yemihla ngemihla.

Kwixesha lasemva kokusebenza, ngesiqhelo emva kweentsuku ezimbini zoqhaqho, isiva asisadingi kunxitywa kwaye kubalulekile ukuba kugcinwe kucocekile kwaye kungabikho mfihlo. Ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezi-4 emva kotyando akufuneki uqhube okanye uthwale ubunzima obungaphezulu kwe-10 kg.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza acetyiswe ngugqirha wezinto zentliziyo kwaye uye kwindibano yokuqeshwa emva kokuhlinzwa, ebekwe esibhedlele. Ukongeza, emva kokuchacha, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nendlela yokuphila esempilweni, ngokutya okunezondlo kunye nemisebenzi yomzimba yesiqhelo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwentliziyo kunye nokuthintela imiqobo emitsha ekujikelezeni kwemithambo yegazi. Jonga ukuba ngawaphi amanyathelo ukugcina intliziyo yakho isempilweni.

Umngcipheko wokudlula

Njengotyando olude nolunzima, kuba kunyanzelekile ukuba uvule isifuba kwaye uphazamise ukusebenza kwentliziyo, utyando olugqithisileyo lunobungozi obunje:

• Usulelo;
• Ukopha;
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ezi ngxaki zihlala zixhaphakile kubantu esele beyonakalisile impilo, ukusilela kwezintso, ezinye izifo zentliziyo, okanye xa uqhaqho lwenziwa ngokungxamisekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko uyancitshiswa xa isiguli sihlonipha zonke izikhokelo zonyango ezinokubandakanya ulawulo lokondla kunye nokusetyenziswa okanye ukumiswa kwamayeza athile ngaphambi kotyando kwaye, ukongeza, izibonelelo zotyando zihlala zigqitha umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo. yonakalisa impilo.