Preeclampsia

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela i-preeclampsia?
• Iimpawu zepreeclampsia
• Yintoni unyango lwepreeclampsia?
• Ukuhanjiswa
• Olunye unyango ngexesha lokukhulelwa
• Unyango emva kokubeleka
• Zeziphi iingxaki zepreeclampsia?
• Yise kude

Yintoni i-preeclampsia?

IPreeclampsia kuxa unoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye neeprotheyini ezinokwenzeka kumchamo wakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye emva kokubeleka. Unokuba nezinto ezinobuncinci begazi (iiplatelets) egazini lakho okanye kwizalathisi zezintso okanye iingxaki zesibindi.

I-Preeclampsia ngokubanzi yenzeka emva kweveki yama-20 yokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko kwenzeka ngaphambili, okanye emva kokuhanjiswa.

I-Eclampsia kukuqhubela phambili okuqatha kwepreeclampsia. Ngale meko, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lubangela ukuxhuzula. Njenge-preeclampsia, i-eclampsia yenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye, kunqabile, emva kokubeleka.

Phantse kubo bonke abasetyhini abakhulelweyo bafumana i-preeclampsia.

Yintoni ebangela i-preeclampsia?

Oogqirha abanako ukuchonga isizathu esinye se-preeclampsia, kodwa ezinye zezinto ezinokubangela ukuba ziphononongwe. Oku kubandakanya:

• izinto zofuzo
• iingxaki zemithambo yegazi
• Ukuphazamiseka komzimba

Kukho izinto ezinobungozi ezinokunyusa amathuba akho okuphuhlisa i-preeclampsia. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukukhulelwa iimveku ezininzi
• ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35
• ukuba kwishumi elivisayo
• ukuba ndikhulelwe okokuqala
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukuba nembali yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• ukuba nembali yeswekile
• ukuba nembali yesifo sezintso

Akukho nto inokuthintela ngokuqinisekileyo le meko. Oogqirha banokucebisa ukuba abanye abantu basetyhini bathathe i-aspirin yabantwana emva kwekota yabo yokuqala ukukunceda ukuyithintela.

Ukunyamekela ngaphambi kokubeleka kunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumane i-preeclampsia ngokukhawuleza kwaye aphephe iingxaki. Ukufumana isifo kuya kuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba akunike esweni ngokufanelekileyo kude kube ngumhla wokuhanjiswa.

Iimpawu zepreeclampsia

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba unokungaboni naziphi na iimpawu zepreeclampsia. Ukuba uhlakulela iimpawu, ezinye eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• intloko eqhubekayo
• ukudumba okungaqhelekanga ezandleni nasebusweni
• ukukhawuleza ukutyeba
• utshintsho kumbono wakho
• iintlungu kwisisu esisekunene

Ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba, ugqirha wakho unokufumanisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luyi-140/90 mm Hg okanye ngaphezulu. Ukuvavanywa komchamo kunye negazi kungabonisa iproteni kumchamo wakho, ii-enzymes zesibindi ezingaqhelekanga, kunye namanqanaba asezantsi eeplatelet.

Ngelo xesha, ugqirha wakho angenza uvavanyo lokungabikho koxinzelelo ukujonga umntwana. Uvavanyo lwe-nonstress luvavanyo olulula olulinganisa ukuba utshintsho lwentliziyo yomntwana olungekazalwa lutshintsha njani na xa usana lungekazalwa. I-ultrasound ingenziwa kwakhona ukujonga amanqanaba akho obumanzi kunye nempilo yomntwana.

Yintoni unyango lwepreeclampsia?

Unyango olucetyiswayo lwe-preeclampsia ngexesha lokukhulelwa kukuhanjiswa komntwana. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kuthintela isifo ekuqhubekeni.

Ukuhanjiswa

Ukuba ukwiveki ye-37 okanye kamva, ugqirha wakho unokubangela abasebenzi. Okwangoku, umntwana sele ekhule ngokwaneleyo kwaye akacingelwa ngaphambi kwexesha.

Ukuba une-preeclampsia ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37, ugqirha wakho uya kuqwalasela impilo yakho neyomntwana wakho ekuthatheni isigqibo ngexesha lokuhanjiswa kwakho. Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya ixesha lokukhulelwa komntwana wakho, nokuba uqalile okanye awuzange uqalise ukubeleka, kwaye nokuba esi sifo siqatsele kangakanani.

Ukuhanjiswa kosana kunye ne-placenta kufuneka kusombulule imeko.

Olunye unyango ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Ngamanye amaxesha, unokunikwa amayeza okunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Unokunikwa amayeza okukhusela ukuxhuzula, ingxaki enokubakho yepreeclampsia.

Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukukungenisa esibhedlele ukuze uhlolwe ngakumbi. Unokunikwa amayeza efakwa ngaphakathi (IV) ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi okanye inaliti ye-steroid ukunceda imiphunga yomntwana wakho ukuba ikhule ngokukhawuleza.

Ulawulo lwe-preeclampsia lukhokelwa ekubeni ngaba isifo sithathwa njengobulali okanye esiqatha. Iimpawu zepreeclampsia ezinzima zibandakanya:

• utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo esiswini esibonisa uxinzelelo
• intlungu zesisu
• ukuxhuzula
• ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso okanye kwesibindi
• ulwelo emiphungeni

Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho. Eyona nkxalabo yakho iphambili kufuneka ibe yimpilo yakho kunye neyomntwana wakho.

Unyango emva kokubeleka

Nje ukuba usana luziswe, iimpawu zepreeclampsia kufuneka zisombulule. Ngokwe-American College of Obstetricians kunye neGynecologists, uninzi lwabasetyhini luya kuba noxinzelelo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo ukufundwa kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kokubeleka.

Kwakhona, kufumanise ukuba uninzi lwabasetyhini abane-preeclampsia, ukusonjululwa kweempawu kunye nokusebenza kwesibindi kunye nezintso kubuyela esiqhelweni kwisithuba seenyanga ezimbalwa.

Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, uxinzelelo lwegazi lunokuphinda luphakame kwakhona kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokubeleka. Ngesi sizathu, ukhathalelo olusondeleyo lokulandela kunye nogqirha wakho kunye nokujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi rhoqo kubalulekile nasemva kokubeleka kosana lwakho.

Nangona kunqabile, i-preeclampsia inokwenzeka emva kokubeleka emva kokukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, nangemva kokukhulelwa okungahambi kakuhle, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho ukuba usanda kuba nomntwana kwaye uqaphele iimpawu ezikhankanywe ngasentla.

Zeziphi iingxaki zepreeclampsia?

IPreeclampsia yimeko embi kakhulu. Ingasongela ubomi kubo bobabini umama nomntwana ukuba ngaba ayishiywanga inganyangwa. Ezinye iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• iingxaki zokopha ngenxa yamanqanaba asezantsi eplatelet
• Ukuphazamiseka kwepascenta (ukwahlukana kweplacenta eludongeni lwesibeleko)
• umonakalo esibindini
• ukusilela kwezintso
• i-edema yemiphunga

Iingxaki zomntwana zinokwenzeka ukuba bazalwa kwangethuba ngenxa yemizamo yokusombulula i-preeclampsia.

Yise kude

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukugcina wena nosana lwakho nisempilweni kangangoko. Oku kubandakanya ukutya ukutya okusempilweni, ukuthatha iivithamini zokubeleka kunye ne-folic acid, kunye nokuya kukhathalelwa rhoqo ngaphambi kokubeleka.

Kodwa nangokhathalelo olufanelekileyo, iimeko ezingenakuphepheka ezinje nge-preeclampsia ngamanye amaxesha zinokwenzeka, ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye emva kokubeleka. Oku kunokuba yingozi kuwe nakumntwana wakho.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nezinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-preeclampsia kunye neempawu zokulumkisa. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, banokukuthumela kwingcali yoomama abakhulelweyo ukuze ufumane unyango olongezelelekileyo.