Iingxaki zokukhulelwa: IPlacenta Accreta

Umxholo

• Ziziphi iimpawu zePlacenta Accreta?
• Yintoni Unobangela?
• Ichongwa Njani?
• Ngubani Osemngciphekweni?
• Iphathwa njani iPlacenta Accreta?
• Zithini iingxaki?
• Iyintoni Imbono?
• Ngaba i-Placenta Accreta inokuthintelwa?

Yintoni iPlacenta Accreta?

Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, i-placenta yowesifazane ibambelela kudonga lwayo lwesibeleko kwaye iyazibamba emva kokubeleka. I-Placenta accreta yinkxalabo yokukhulelwa enokuthi yenzeke xa i-placenta inamathela kakhulu eludongeni lwe-uterine.

Oku kubangela ukuba inxenye okanye yonke iplasenta ihlale iqhotyoshelwe kwisibeleko ngexesha lokubeleka. I-Placenta accreta inokubangela ukopha kakhulu emva kokubeleka.

Ngokwe-American Congress ye-Obstetricians kunye ne-Gynecologists (ACOG), omnye kwabasetyhini abangama-533 baseMelika bafumana i-placenta accreta minyaka le. Kwezinye iimeko ze-placenta accreta, i-placenta yomfazi iya kunamathela ngokunzulu kudonga lwe-uterine oludibanisa nezihlunu zesibeleko. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-placenta increta. Inokude ingene ngokunzulu kudonga lwesibeleko kwaye iye kwelinye ilungu, njengesinyi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-placenta percreta.

Umbutho waseMelika okhulelweyo, uqikelela ukuba kwabasetyhini abafumana i-placenta acreta, malunga neepesenti ezili-15 bafumana i-placenta increta, ngelixa malunga neepesenti ezi-5 ze-placenta percreta.

I-Placenta accreta ithathwa njengeyona nto inobungozi bokukhulelwa. Ngamanye amaxesha i-placenta accreta ifunyanwa ngexesha lokuhanjiswa. Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, abafazi bafunyaniswe ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oogqirha baya kuhlala benza ukuhanjiswa kwangoko kwasekuqaleni emva koko basuse isibeleko sowasetyhini, ukuba ubunzima bufunyenwe ngaphambi kokubeleka. Ukususwa kwesibeleko kubizwa ngokuba sisibeleko.

Ziziphi iimpawu zePlacenta Accreta?

Abasetyhini abane-placenta accreta bahlala bengabonisi zimpawu okanye zimpawu ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha uya kuyifumana ngexesha le-ultrasound yesiqhelo.

Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, i-placenta accreta ibangela ukuphuma kwegazi kwilungu lesithathu lesithathu (iiveki ezingama-27 ukuya kuma-40). Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho kwangoko ukuba ufumana ukopha kwilungu lesithathu. Ukuba uva ukopha kakhulu, njengokuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi kwiphedi engaphantsi kwemizuzu engama-45, okanye enzima kwaye ihamba kunye nentlungu esiswini, kuya kufuneka ubize u-911.

Yintoni Unobangela?

Ayaziwa ngokuthe ngqo ukuba yintoni ebangela i-placenta accreta. Kodwa oogqirha bacinga ukuba kunxulunyaniswa nokusilela okukhoyo kwimigca yesibeleko kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-alpha-fetoprotein, iprotein eveliswa lusana enokufunyanwa kwigazi likanina.

Ezi zitenxo zinokubangelwa kukuqhekeka emva koqhaqho lokuhanjiswa okanye ngoqhaqho lwesibeleko. Ezi zikrakra zivumela i-placenta ukuba ikhule kakhulu eludongeni lwe-uterine. Abafazi abakhulelweyo abane-placenta ngokuyinxalenye okanye egubungele ngokupheleleyo umlomo wesibeleko (i-placenta previa) bakwimeko ephezulu yomngcipheko we-placenta accreta. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, i-placenta accreta yenzeka kwabasetyhini ngaphandle kwembali yoqhaqho lwesibeleko okanye i-placenta previa.

Ukuhanjiswa kwe-cearean kwandisa umngcipheko wabasetyhini kwi-placenta accreta ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwexesha elizayo. Okukhona eyekiswa ukuhambisa umfazi, kokukhona umngcipheko wakhe umkhulu. Umbutho waseMelika okhulelweyo uqikelela ukuba abasetyhini abanamava angaphezulu kwesinye kwiakhawunti yokuhanjiswa kwekesarey kwiipesenti ezingama-60 zawo onke amatyala e-placenta accreta.

Ichongwa Njani?

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bafumanisa i-placenta accreta ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-ultrasound yesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uhlala eqhuba iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-placenta ayikhuli eludongeni lwe-uterine ukuba unezinto ezinobungozi kwi-placenta accreta. Olunye uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lokujonga i-placenta accreta lubandakanya iimvavanyo zokucinga, ezinje nge-ultrasound okanye ngemagneti yokujonga umfanekiso (MRI) kunye novavanyo lwegazi ukujonga amanqanaba aphezulu e-alpha-fetoprotein.

Ngubani Osemngciphekweni?

Zininzi izinto ekucingelwa ukuba zonyusa umngcipheko kumfazi wokuphuhlisa i-placenta accreta. Oku kubandakanya:

• utyando lwesibeleko oludlulileyo (okanye uqhaqho), njengokuhanjiswa kwe-cearean okanye utyando ukususa i-uterine fibroids
• I-placenta previa, imeko ebangela ukuba i-placenta igubungele ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokugqibeleleyo umlomo wesibeleko
• I-placenta ebekwe emazantsi esibeleko
• ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35
• ukuzala okudlulileyo
• Ukungaqhelekanga kwesibeleko, njengokuqhekeka okanye i-uterine fibroids

Iphathwa njani iPlacenta Accreta?

Yonke imeko ye-placenta accreta yahlukile. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumene i-placenta accreta, baya kwenza isicwangciso sokuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uhanjiswa ngokukhuselekileyo ngokunokwenzeka.

Iimeko ezinzima zeplacenta accreta ziphathwa ngotyando. Okokuqala, oogqirha baya kwenza ukuhanjiswa kosana ukuhambisa umntwana wakho. Emva koko, banokwenza i-hysterectomy, okanye basuse isibeleko sakho. Oku kukuthintela ukulahleka kwegazi okunokubakho ukuba inxenye, okanye yonke, ye-placenta ishiye iqhotyoshelwe kwisibeleko emva kokuba usana lwakho luzisiwe.

Ukuba ungathanda ukukwazi ukukhulelwa kwakhona, kukho ukhetho kunyango emva kokuhanjiswa kwakho okunokugcina ukuzala kwakho. Yinkqubo yotyando eshiya uninzi lweplacenta esibelekweni. Nangona kunjalo, abasetyhini abafumana olu nyango basemngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa nge-hysterectomy ukuba uyaqhubeka nokufumana ukopha kwilungu lobufazi emva kwenkqubo. Ngokutsho kwe-ACOG, kunzima kakhulu ukukhulelwa emva kwale nkqubo.

Xoxa ngalo lonke unyango lwakho kunye nogqirha wakho. Baza kukunceda ukhethe unyango olusekwe kwiimeko zakho ezizodwa.

Zithini iingxaki?

I-Placenta accreta inokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukopha kakhulu kwilungu lobufazi, elinokufuna utofelo-gazi
• iingxaki ngokujiya kwegazi, okanye ukusasazwa kwe-coagulopathy ye-intravascular
• ukusilela kwemiphunga, okanye isifo sokudakumba kubantu abadala
• ukusilela kwezintso
• ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha

Njengalo lonke utyando, ukwenza ukuhanjiswa kwe-cearean kunye ne-hysterectomy ukususa i-placenta emzimbeni kunokubangela iingxaki. Iingozi kumama zibandakanya:

• iimpendulo kwi-anesthesia
• amahlwili egazi
• usulelo lwenxeba
• ukwanda kwegazi
• ukwenzakala kotyando
• umonakalo kwamanye amalungu, njengesinyi, ukuba i-placenta incamathele kuwo

Umngcipheko wosana ngexesha lokuhanjiswa kwe-cearean kunqabile kwaye kubandakanya ukwenzakala kotyando okanye iingxaki zokuphefumla.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha baya kuyishiya i-placenta iqinile emzimbeni wakho, kuba inokunyibilika ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kodwa ukwenza njalo kunokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• ukuphuma kwegazi kwilungu lobufazi elinokusongela ubomi
• usulelo
• ihlwili legazi elibhloka imithambo enye okanye nangaphezulu emiphungeni, okanye kwimiphunga yemiphunga
• Isidingo se-hysterectomy yexesha elizayo
• iingxaki zokukhulelwa kwangaphambili, kubandakanya ukuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha kunye ne-placenta accreta

Iyintoni Imbono?

Ukuba i-placenta accreta ifunyenwe kwaye inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, abasetyhini bahlala befumana kwakhona ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwengxaki ezingapheliyo.

Umntu obhinqileyo akasayi kuphinda akwazi ukukhulelwa abantwana ukuba kwenziwe i-hysterectomy. Kuya kufuneka uxoxe ngako konke ukukhulelwa okuzayo kunye nogqirha wakho ukuba isibeleko sakho sishiywe sisemgangathweni emva konyango. Uphando olupapashwe kwiphephancwadi Ukuzaliswa Kwabantu lubonisa ukuba izinga lokuphindaphinda kwe-placenta accreta liphezulu kubafazi ababekhe banayo imeko ngaphambili.

Ngaba i-Placenta Accreta inokuthintelwa?

Akukho ndlela yokuthintela i-placenta accreta. Ugqirha wakho uya kubeka esweni ukukhulelwa kwakho ukuthintela naziphi na iingxaki ukuba ufumene ukuba unale meko.