I-arrhythmia yentliziyo: yintoni, iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Oonobangela abaphambili be-arrhythmia
• 1. Ixhala noxinzelelo
• 2. IHypothyroidism ebukhali
• 3. Isifo seChagas
• 4. Ukuphelelwa kwegazi
• 5. Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi
• 6. IValvulopathies
• 7. Isifo sentliziyo
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• 1. Unyango lokubetha kwentliziyo kancinci
• 2. Unyango lokubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezileyo

I-arrhythmia ye-Cardiac lulo naluphi na utshintsho kwisingqi sokubetha kwentliziyo, okunokubangela ukuba ibethe ngokukhawuleza, icothe okanye ishiye nje isingqisho. Ukuphindaphindeka kokubetha kwentliziyo ngomzuzu omnye kuthathwa njengesiqhelo emntwini xa ephumla, kuphakathi kwama-50 ukuya kwi-100.

I-cardiac arrhythmia ingaba yingozi okanye ibe yingozi, kunye neentlobo ezinobungozi ziqhelekileyo. I-Benign arrhythmias ye-cardiac arrhythmias yilezo ezingatshintshi umsebenzi kunye nokusebenza kwentliziyo kwaye azizisi ingozi enkulu yokufa, kwaye inokulawulwa ngamachiza kunye nokusebenza komzimba. Ezibi, kwelinye icala, ziya zisiba nzima ngomgudu okanye ngokwenza umthambo kwaye zingakhokelela ekufeni.

Unyango lwe-arrhythmia yentliziyo lunokwenzeka kuphela xa ichongiwe kwaye inyangwa ngexesha. Ke, ukuze kufezekiswe unyango, kubalulekile ukuba umntu abekwe iliso ngugqirha wezentliziyo kwaye afumane unyango ngokokubonisa.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Olona phawu luphambili lwe-cardiac arrhythmia lutshintsho lokubetha kwentliziyo, ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukukhawulezisa kwentliziyo okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinci, kodwa ezinye iimpawu zinokubonakala, ezinje:

• Ukuva kwesigaxa emqaleni;
• Isiyezi;
• Ukufa;
• Ukuziva ubuthathaka;
• Ukudinwa okulula;
• Iintlungu zesifuba;
• Ukuphefumla okufutshane;
• Ukugula ngokubanzi.

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu azikho kwaye ugqirha unokukrokrela i-cardiac arrhythmia xa ejonga ukubetha komntu, esenza i-auscultation yentliziyo okanye enze i-electrocardiogram.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cardiac arrhythmia kwenziwa yi-cardiologist ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezivavanya isakhiwo sentliziyo kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Ukongeza, iimvavanyo ezibonisiweyo zingohluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye kwaye ngokwezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi ziboniswe kunye nobuninzi be-arrhythmia.

Ke, i-electrocardiogram, iiyure ezingama-24 ze-holter, uvavanyo lokuzilolonga, isifundo se-electrophysiological kunye novavanyo lwe-TILT zinokuboniswa ngugqirha. Ke, ngokwenza olu vavanyo kunokwenzeka kungekuphela nje ukufumanisa isifo, kodwa nokuchonga unobangela wale nguqulelo ukuze kuboniswe olona nyango lufanelekileyo. Bona ngakumbi malunga novavanyo oluvavanya intliziyo.

Oonobangela abaphambili be-arrhythmia

I-arrhythmia yentliziyo inokwenzeka ngenxa yeemeko ezahlukeneyo kwaye ayihambelani ngqo notshintsho entliziyweni. Ke, oonobangela abaphambili be-arrhythmia yentliziyo zezi:

1. Ixhala noxinzelelo

Uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo kunokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezininzi ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemveliso yecortisol, enokubangela iimpawu ezinje ngokutshintsha kwenqanaba lentliziyo, ukubila okubandayo, ukungcangcazela, isiyezi okanye umlomo owomileyo, umzekelo. Jonga iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokulawula uxinzelelo.

2. IHypothyroidism ebukhali

I-Hypothyroidism lutshintsho kwidlala lengqula apho kukho imveliso engonelanga yehomoni yedlala lengqula, enokutshintsha ukubetha kwentliziyo kwaye ibangele ukuba intliziyo ibethe kancinci kunesiqhelo.

Ukongeza kwi-arrhythmia, kuqhelekile ukuba ezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene nokungasebenzi kwe-thyroid kubonakale, njengokufumana ubunzima, ukukhathala ngokweqile kunye nokulahleka kweenwele, umzekelo. Yazi ezinye iimpawu zehypothyroidism.

3. Isifo seChagas

Isifo i-Chagas sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa sisidleleli I-Trypanosoma cruzi ezinokuthi zidibane ne-cardiac arrhythmia. Kungenxa yokuba, xa isifo singachazwanga, isidleleli sinokuhlala sikhule entliziyweni, esinokubangela ukwanda kwee-ventricles zentliziyo, ukwandisa eli lungu kunye nokusilela kwentliziyo. Jonga indlela yokuchonga isifo seChagas.

4. Ukuphelelwa kwegazi

I-anemia nayo inokubangela ukuba i-arrhythmia, njengoko kule meko kukho ukuhla kwe-hemoglobin egazini, kukhokelela kwi-oksijini encinci ethunyelwa emzimbeni, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho isidingo sokwandisa umsebenzi wentliziyo ukwenza konke amalungu afumana ioksijini eyaneleyo, nto leyo ibangela ukuba umzimba ube ne-arrhythmia.

Nangona i-arrhythmia inokwenzeka, ezinye iimpawu zixhaphake kakhulu kwimeko yokuphazamiseka kwegazi, njengokudinwa kakhulu, ukozela, ubunzima bokugxila, ukulahleka kwememori kunye nokutya okungalunganga, umzekelo.

5. Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi

I-atherosclerosis ihambelana nobukho bamacwecwe amanqatha kwimithambo yegazi okanye kwimithambo yentliziyo efana nemithambo yegazi, eyenza kube nzima ukudlulisa inani elifanelekileyo legazi liye entliziyweni. Ngenxa yoku, intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukuze igazi lijikeleze umzimba ngokuchanekileyo, nto leyo ikhokelela kwisifo.

6. IValvulopathies

I-Valvulopathies zizifo ezichaphazela i-valves zentliziyo, ezinje nge-tricuspid, mitral, pulmonary kunye ne-aortic valves.

7. Isifo sentliziyo

Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso siphawuleka ngokutshintsha kobume bentliziyo obenzeka ngaphambi kokuzalwa, obunokuphazamisa ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwentliziyo. Kule meko, kubalulekile ukuba unyango luqale ngokukhawuleza kwaye lugcinwe ngokhokelo lwe-cardiologist yabantwana.

Ukongeza kwezi zifo, zikhona ezinye izinto ezinokubangela i-arrhythmia, enje ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamanye amayeza, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, umthambo onzima, ukungaphumeleli kweseli sentliziyo, utshintsho kwi-sodium, potassium kunye ne-calcium concentrations emzimbeni okanye iingxaki emva kotyando lwentliziyo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-cardiac arrhythmia lungahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokutshintsha, ubungqongqo be-arrhythmia, ukuphindaphindeka okwenzekayo, ubudala bomntu nokuba ezinye iimpawu zikhona.

Ke, kwiimeko ezinobuzaza, ugqirha unokubonisa kuphela utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, apho umntu kufuneka azame ukutya okusempilweni kunye nokutya okunesondlo kunye nokwenza imisebenzi yomzimba rhoqo, ukongeza kuyo kubalulekile ukukhangela imisebenzi encedisayo. ukuphumla, ngakumbi xa utshintsho kwinqanaba lentliziyo liqatshelwa.

1. Unyango lokubetha kwentliziyo kancinci

I-arrhythmia ebangela ukubetha kwentliziyo okucothayo, okubizwa ngokuba yi-bradycardia, xa kungekho sizathu sinokulungiswa, unyango kufuneka lwenziwe ngokubekwa kwe-pacemaker ukunceda ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo, kuba akukho ziyobisi zinokukhawulezisa intliziyo ngokuthembekileyo. Funda ngendlela esebenza ngayo pacemaker.

2. Unyango lokubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezileyo

Kwimeko ye-arrhythmia ebangela ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo, unyango olunokuthi lwenziwe zezi:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza antiarrhythmic i-digoxin yokulawula kunye nokubuyisela ukubetha kwentliziyo;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza anticoagulant njenge-warfarin okanye i-aspirin yokuthintela amahlwili egazi anokubangela ukubola;
• Utyando lwe-Ablation yinkqubo ejolise ekususeni okanye ukutshabalalisa umbane ohambisa umqondiso wentliziyo otshintshiweyo kwaye onokuba sisizathu se-arrhythmia;
• Ukubekwa kwePacemaker, ikakhulu kwimeko ezinzima, ukulungelelanisa iimpembelelo zombane kunye nokunciphisa isisu senhliziyo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwayo nokulawula isigqi seebhithi;
• Ukumiliselwa kweCardiodefibrillator Ukujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokuqhubekayo nokubona ukubetha kwentliziyo, nanjengoko esi sixhobo sithumela intlawulo yombane entliziyweni ukubuyisela isingqisho sentliziyo kwaye siboniswa kwiimeko ezinzima apho ukubetha kwentliziyo kukhawuleza okanye kungahambelani kwaye kukho umngcipheko wokuba ukubanjwa kwe-cardiac.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe utyando ukudlula i-coronary ukuba i-arrhythmia ibangelwa ziingxaki ze-coronary arteries, ezijongene nokunkcenkceshela intliziyo, ukuvumela ukulungisa nokulungisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-coronary artery. Fumanisa ukuba utyando lwenziwa njani ukudlula yenhliziyo.

Kwiphepha lethu ipodcastUgqirha Ricardo Alckmin, umongameli weBrazilian Society of Cardiology, ucacisa amathandabuzo aphambili malunga nesifo sentliziyo: