Ingxaki yokuziphatha

Umxholo

• Ziintoni Iimpawu Zengxaki Yokuziphatha?
• Yintoni Ebangela Ingxaki Yokuziphatha?
• Zintoni izinto eziNgozi zokuziPhatha kwiNgxaki?
• Ndilufuna Nini Uncedo Lwezonyango Kwingxaki Yokuziphatha?
• Ichongwa Njani ingxaki yokuziphatha?
• Iphathwa Njani Ingxaki Yokuziphatha?

Ithetha ntoni ingxaki yokuziphatha?

Ukuziphatha kwengxaki zezo zingathathelwa ngqalelo ngokwesiqhelo. Phantse wonke umntu unokuba nomzuzu wokuziphatha okuphazamisayo okanye impazamo ekugwebeni. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yokuziphatha kwengxaki yipateni ehambelanayo.

Ukuziphatha kwengxaki kunokwahluka ngokobunzima. Zinokwenzeka ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala. Abantu abaneengxaki zokuziphatha bahlala befuna ungenelelo lonyango ukuphucula iimpawu zabo.

Ziintoni Iimpawu Zengxaki Yokuziphatha?

Ukuziphatha kwengxaki kunokuba neempawu ezininzi, kubandakanya kodwa kungaphelelanga apho:

• ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala okanye iziyobisi
• ukuphazamiseka
• umsindo, isimilo esidelelayo
• ukungakhathali
• ukungabinamdla okanye ukurhoxa kubomi bemihla ngemihla
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
• Ukuthamba ngokweemvakalelo
• ukuthetha okugqithileyo, okuphazamisayo
• ukuzifumanela izinto ezingenamsebenzi
• isimilo esingafanelekanga
• Ukuzithemba nokuzithemba kakhulu
• iingcinga ezingalawulekiyo
• isigqibo esingalunganga
• ukonakaliswa kwepropathi
• ukuzenzakalisa

Ukuziphatha kwengxaki kunokusukela ekungabikhoyo kwiimvakalelo ukuya kwiimvakalelo ezinobundlongondlongo.

NgokweMerck Manual, iingxaki zokuziphatha zihlala zibonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo phakathi kwamantombazana namakhwenkwe. Umzekelo, amakhwenkwe aneengxaki zokuziphatha anokulwa, ebe, okanye onakalise impahla. Amantombazana aneengxaki zokuziphatha anokuxoka okanye abaleke ekhaya. Zombini zisemngciphekweni omkhulu wokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi notywala.

Yintoni Ebangela Ingxaki Yokuziphatha?

Kukho oonobangela abaninzi abanxulumene nokuziphatha kwengxaki. Ingqondo, impilo yengqondo, okanye ingcali yezonyango kufuneka ivavanye umntu onengxaki yokuziphatha ukuze aqonde unobangela.

Oonobangela bokuziphatha ingxaki inokuba sisiganeko sobomi okanye imeko yosapho. Umntu unokuba nengxabano yosapho, esokola nendlala, eziva enexhala, okanye oswelekileyo kusapho. Ukwaluphala kungakhokelela kwisifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, esichaphazela isimilo somntu.

Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nokuziphatha kwengxaki zibandakanya, kodwa azikhawulelwanga:

• Unxunguphalo
• Ingxaki yokungahambi kakuhle (ADHD)
• ukuxhuzula
• ukungaziphathi kakuhle
• Ukuphambuka
• Isifo sengqondo esiyingozi
• ukudakumba
• ubume obungalunganga obuphambanisayo
• Ukuphazamiseka okuphikisayo
• Ukudakumba emva kokubeleka
• Uxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo lwasemva (PTSD)
• ngengqondo
• schizophrenia
• ukuhlukunyezwa kwesiyobisi

Zintoni izinto eziNgozi zokuziPhatha kwiNgxaki?

Abantu abaneemeko ezingapheliyo kunye nezempilo yengqondo basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuziphatha okuneengxaki kunabo bangenazo ezi meko.

Ezinye zeengxaki zokuziphatha zinekhonkco lofuzo. NgokweManyuwali yeMerck, abazali abanezi ngxaki zilandelayo zokuziphatha kunokwenzeka ukuba babe nabantwana abaneengxaki zokuziphatha:

• ingxaki yokulwa noluntu
• I-ADHD
• ukuphazamiseka kwemood
• schizophrenia
• ukuhlukunyezwa kwesiyobisi

Nangona kunjalo, abantu abanengxaki yokuziphatha banokuvela kwiintsapho ezinembali encinci yokuziphatha kwengxaki.

Ndilufuna Nini Uncedo Lwezonyango Kwingxaki Yokuziphatha?

Ukuziphatha kwengxaki kunokuba yinto engxamisekileyo kwezonyango xa indlela yokuziphatha ibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• ucinga ngokuzibulala
• ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo okanye amazwi okuva
• ukuzenzakalisa okanye ukuzenzakalisa
• izoyikiso zobundlobongela

Yenza idinga nogqirha wakho ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo unale mpawu:

• indlela yokuziphatha echaphazela ukukwazi ukusebenza kubudlelwane nabanye, emsebenzini, okanye esikolweni
• indlela yokuziphatha yolwaphulo-mthetho
• Ukukhohlakala kwezilwanyana
• ukuzibandakanya ekugrogriseni, ekungcungcuthekiseni, okanye ekuziphatheni okungxamisekileyo
• iimvakalelo ezigqithileyo zokuzahlula
• inzala ephantsi esikolweni okanye emsebenzini
• Ukurhoxa ekuhlaleni

Abantu abanengxaki yokuziphatha banokuziva bahlukile kwabanye, ngokungathi abangeni ndawo. Abanye banokuba neemvakalelo abangaziqondiyo okanye abangakwaziyo ukuzichonga. Oku kungakhokelela kukukhathazeka kunye nokuziphatha okungaphezulu kwengxaki.

Ichongwa Njani ingxaki yokuziphatha?

Ugqirha okanye ingcali yezempilo yengqondo inokuvavanya iindlela zokuziphatha ezinengxaki. Banokuqala ngokuthatha imbali yezempilo kunye nokumamela inkcazo yomntu omdala okanye iimpawu zomntwana. Eminye imibuzo ugqirha anokuyibuza ibandakanya:

• Iqale nini le ndlela yokuziphatha?
• Ihlala ixesha elingakanani isimilo?
• Ukuziphatha kubachaphazele njani abo bajikeleze umntu?
• Ngaba umntu usandula ukufumana amava obomi okanye iinguqu ezinokubangela isimilo?

Oogqirha banokusebenzisa olu lwazi ukukhomba indlela yokuziphatha enokubangela kunye nokuqonda isifo.

Iphathwa Njani Ingxaki Yokuziphatha?

Oogqirha banyanga isimilo sengxaki ngokufumanisa unobangela. Abantu abasemngciphekweni wokuzenzakalisa banokufuna ukuba balaliswe esibhedlele kukhuseleko lwabo.

Unyango olongezelelekileyo lokuziphatha kwengxaki lunokubandakanya:

• iiklasi zokusombulula ungquzulwano
• iingcebiso
• unyango lweqela
• amayeza
• iiklasi zezakhono zobuzali