Yintoni i-chimerism, iintlobo kunye nendlela yokuchonga

Umxholo

• Iindidi zekhemerism
• 1. I-chimerism yendalo
• 2. Isitshisi esingeyonyani
• 3. Imicroquimerismo
• 4. I-twin chimerism
• Indlela yokuchonga

I-Chimerism luhlobo lotshintsho olunqabileyo kwimfuza apho kubonakala khona izinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zemvelo, ezinokuthi zibe zezendalo, ezenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umzekelo, okanye kungenxa ye-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, apho iiseli zeeseli ezinikezelweyo ziyafakwa ngumamkeli, kunye nobukho beeseli ezineeprofayile zofuzo ezahlukeneyo.

Kucatshangelwa ukuba yitshimism xa ubukho babini okanye nangaphezulu beeseli zemfuza ezahlukileyo ezinemvelaphi eyahlukeneyo iqinisekisiwe, ngokwahlukileyo kwinto eyenzekileyo kwi-mosaicism, ekuthi nangona iiseli zahlulwe ngokwemfuza, zinemvelaphi efanayo. Funda kabanzi malunga ne-mosaicism.

Iindidi zekhemerism

I-Chimerism ayiqhelekanga phakathi kwabantu kwaye inokubonwa ngokulula kwizilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo kusenokwenzeka ukuba kukho ubushushu phakathi kwabantu, ezona ntlobo ziphambili yile:

1. I-chimerism yendalo

I-chimerism yendalo yenzeka xa iimbumba ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zidibana, zenze enye. Yiyo loo nto usana olwenziwe ngezinto zemvelo ezi-2 okanye nangaphezulu.

2. Isitshisi esingeyonyani

Kwenzeka xa umntu efumana ukufakelwa igazi okanye ukufakelwa umongo wethambo okanye iiseli zehematopoietic ezivela komnye umntu, kunye neeseli zabanikeli ezifunxa umzimba. Le meko yayiqhelekile ngaphambili, nangona kunjalo namhlanje emva kokufakelwa komntu kulandelwa kwaye wenza unyango oluthile olukhusela ukufakwa ngokusisigxina kweeseli zabanikeli, ukongeza ekuqinisekiseni ukwamkelwa okungcono komzimba.

3. Imicroquimerismo

Olu hlobo lwe-chimerism lwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa, apho umfazi athabatha iiseli ezithile kwimveku engekazalwa okanye umbungu uthatha iiseli ezivela kunina, zikhokelela kwimathiriyeli emibini yemfuza.

4. I-twin chimerism

Olu hlobo lwe-chimerism lwenzeka xa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwamawele, umntwana omnye uyafa kwaye olunye usana luthathe ezinye zeeseli zalo. Ke, umntwana ozelweyo unezinto zakhe zemfuza kunye nezinto zemfuza zomntakwabo.

Indlela yokuchonga

I-chimerism inokuchongwa ngokusebenzisa ezinye zeempawu umntu anokuzibonakalisa njengeendawo zomzimba ezinombala omncinci okanye omncinci, amehlo anemibala eyahlukeneyo, ukubakho kwezifo ezizimeleyo ezinxulumene nolusu okanye inkqubo ye-neva kunye nokulalana, apho kukho ukwahluka kweempawu zesondo kunye neepateni ze-chromosomal, ezenza ukuba kube nzima ukumchonga umntu njengowesilisa okanye owasetyhini.

Ukongeza, i-chimerism ichongiwe kuvavanyo oluvavanya izinto zemvelo, i-DNA, kunye nobukho beebini ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu ze-DNA kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi, umzekelo, ezinokuqinisekiswa. Ukongeza, kwimeko ye-chimerism emva kokufakwa kwenye i-hematopoietic stem cell, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuchongwe olu tshintsho ngovavanyo lofuzo oluvavanya abamakishi abaziwa njenge-STR, abakwaziyo ukwahlula iiseli zommkeli kunye nomnikeli.