Yintoni ebangela ukuba ndiRash and Sore, Ukudumba uMqala?

Umxholo

• Iimeko ezibangela irhashalala kunye nomqala obuhlungu, ngemifanekiso
• Umqalaizitrephi zomqala
• Isifo sesihlanu
• Isandla, unyawo kunye nesifo somlomo
• Imasisi
• umkhuhlane ombi
• Isifo sabadala
• Intsholongwane yeNayile
• Isifo esibucayi sokuphefumla (SARS)
• Ipoliyo
• I-Anaphylaxis
• I-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo
• Yintoni ebangela irhashalala kunye nokuqaqamba komqala, ukudumba umqala?
• Isifo sesihlanu
• Mononucleosis
• Umqala owomileyo kunye nomkhuhlane obomvu
• Isandla, unyawo kunye nesifo somlomo
• Imasisi
• Isifo sabadala
• Usulelo lwentsholongwane eNtshona
• Kwi-SARS
• Ipoliyo
• Xa ufuna uncedo lwezonyango
• Uphathwa njani umqala kunye nokudumba, umqala odumbileyo?
• Unonophelo lwasekhaya
• Ndingakuthintela njani ukukhawuleza kunye nomqala obuhlungu?

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Umqala obuhlungu kunye nokukhawuleza ukujonga

Umqala obuhlungu wenzeka xa i-pharynx, okanye umqala, uvutha okanye ucaphuke.

Irhashalala lutshintsho kumbala okanye umbala wolusu lwakho. Irhashalala inokurhawuzelelwa kwaye iphakanyiswe, kwaye inokubangela ulusu ukuba lube blister, ijongeke i-scaly, okanye izive zibuhlungu. Uhlobo lwerhashalala kunye nokubonakala kunokubonisa izizathu ezinokubakho.

Iimeko ezibangela irhashalala kunye nomqala obuhlungu, ngemifanekiso

Irhashalala kunye nomqala obuhlungu ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zosulelo kunye nezinye iimeko. Nazi izizathu ezili-11.

Isilumkiso: Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo ngaphambili.

Umqalaizitrephi zomqala

• Olu sulelo lwebacteria lubangelwa liqela le-A Streptococcus bacteria.
• Idluliselwa ngokudibana namathontsi asasazeka ngokukhohlela kunye nokuthimla kwabantu abosulelekileyo.
• Umkhuhlane, obuhlungu, umqala obomvu onamabala amhlophe, iintlungu ngokuginya, intloko ebuhlungu, ukugodola, ukungabinamdla wokutya, kunye ne-lymph node ezidumbileyo entanyeni zizimpawu ezinokubakho.

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo malunga nomqala womqala.

Isifo sesihlanu

• Intloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa, umkhuhlane omncinci, umqala obuhlungu, ukuphuma kwempumlo, urhudo, kunye nesicaphucaphu
• Abantwana banokwenzeka ngakumbi kunabantu abadala ukuba bafumane ukungxama
• Ujikeleze, irhashalala ebomvu ebomvu ezidleleni
• Ukukhawuleza kwipateni yeLacy kwiingalo, emilenzeni, nakumzimba ongaphezulu onokubonakala ngakumbi emva kweshawa eshushu okanye ibhafu

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo ngesifo sesihlanu.

Isandla, unyawo kunye nesifo somlomo

• Ngokwesiqhelo ichaphazela abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu
• Iintlungu ezibomvu ezibomvu emlonyeni naselulwimini nasezintsinini
• Iflethi okanye indawo ephakanyisiweyo ebomvu ibekwe ezintendeni zesandla kunye nasezinyaweni zeenyawo
• Amabala anokuvela nakwiimpundu okanye kumalungu esini

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo kwisandla, unyawo, kunye nesifo somlomo.

Imasisi

• Iimpawu zibandakanya umkhuhlane, umqala obuhlungu, bomvu, amehlo anamanzi, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, ukukhohlela kunye nempumlo
• Irhashalala elibomvu lisasazeka ukusuka ebusweni nasemzimbeni emzimbeni kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu emva kokuvela kweempawu zokuqala
• Amabala amancinci abomvu aneziko elimhlophe-luhlaza avela ngaphakathi emlonyeni

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo ngemasisi.

umkhuhlane ombi

• Ivela ngaxeshanye okanye kanye emva kosulelo lomqala womqala
• Ukudumba kolusu olubomvu emzimbeni wonke (kodwa hayi izandla neenyawo)
• Irash yenziwe ngamaqhuma amancinci enza ukuba izive ngathi "isandpaper"
• Ulwimi olubomvu oluqaqambileyo

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo malunga nomkhuhlane obomvu.

Isifo sabadala

• Isifo sika-Adult-onset Isifo esinqabileyo kakhulu sokudumba esihlala sibangela umkhuhlane, ukudinwa, irhashalala kunye nokudumba kumalungu, izicwili, amalungu kunye ne-lymph node.
• Ibonakaliswe ngeziqendu zokuqhuma kunye nokuxolelwa.
• Iimpawu zibandakanya imihla ngemihla, ukuphindaphinda komkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba.
• Irhashalala elipinki elihamba rhoqo linokuhamba nefiva.
• Ukuqala kwabantu abadala Isifo esibangela ukudumba ngokudibeneyo kunye nentlungu edibeneyo.
• Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya ukudumba kwe-lymph node, iintlungu zesisu, umqala obuhlungu, iintlungu ezinxulunyaniswa nokuphefumla okunzulu, kunye nokwehla kobunzima obungaqondanga.

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo ngesifo sabadala.

Intsholongwane yeNayile

• Le ntsholongwane idluliselwa ngokulunywa ziingcongconi ezosulelekileyo.
• Usulelo lubangela uluhlu olubanzi lweempawu ukusuka kubumnene, ukugula okufana nomkhuhlane ukuya kwi-meningitis kunye ne-encephalitis.
• Umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu emzimbeni, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, umqala obuhlungu, ukudumba kweemfu, kunye nerhashalala emqolo, isifuba neengalo zezinye zeempawu ezinokubakho.
• Iimpawu ezinzima zibandakanya ukudideka, ukuba ndindisholo, ukukhubazeka, intloko ebuhlungu, ukuthuthumela, kunye neengxaki zokulinganisela.

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo ngentsholongwane yeNayile yasentshona.

Isifo esibucayi sokuphefumla (SARS)

• Olu luhlobo olubi lwe-pneumonia yentsholongwane ebangelwa yi-SARS coronavirus.
• Isasazeka isuka emntwini isiya emntwini ngokudonsa ngamathontsi aphuma kumntu okosulelekileyo ngokukhohlela nokuthimla.
• Akukho matyala matsha e-SARS axeliweyo ukusukela ngo-2004.
• Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya umkhuhlane, ukugodola, iintlungu zomzimba, intloko ebuhlungu, ukukhohlela, ukuphefumla kancinci, iintlungu esifubeni, urhudo, umqala obuhlungu, kunye nempumlo.

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo ngesifo sokuphefumla esiqatha (SARS).

Ipoliyo

• Ipoliyo sisifo esosulela kakhulu esibangelwa yintsholongwane ehlasela inkqubo yeemvakalelo kwaye, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, inokubangela ukukhubazeka.
• Enkosi ngokuveliswa kwesitofu sokugonya ipoliyo kunye nephulo lokuphelisa ipoliyo kwihlabathi liphela, i-Amerika, iYurophu, iNtshona Pacific, kunye noMzantsi mpuma weAsia azinazo ipoliyo.
• Iimpawu kunye neempawu zepoliyo engafiyo ukukhubazeka zibandakanya umkhuhlane, umqala obuhlungu, intloko ebuhlungu, ukugabha, ukudinwa kunye ne-meningitis.
• Iimpawu kunye neempawu zepoliyo ekhubazekileyo zibandakanya ukuphulukana nengqondo, ukukhululeka okungathethekiyo kunye nentlungu yomsipha, amalungu omzimba akhululekileyo kunye nefloppy, ukukhubazeka ngequbuliso, kunye nemilenze ekhubazekileyo.

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo ngepoliyo.

I-Anaphylaxis

Le meko ithathwa njengengxamisekileyo kwezonyango. Unonophelo olungxamisekileyo lunokufuneka.

• Le yindlela yokusongela ubomi ekuvezeni i-allergen.
• Ukuqala ngokukhawuleza kweempawu kwenzeka emva kokuvezwa komzimba.
• Oku kubandakanya ukusasazeka kwemingxuma, ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphelelwa ngamandla, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza.
• Isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, iintlungu esiswini ziimpawu ezongezelelweyo.

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo nge-anaphylaxis.

I-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo

• I-mononucleosis echaphazelayo ihlala ibangelwa yintsholongwane ka-Epstein-Barr (EBV)
• Oku ikakhulu kwenzeka kwisikolo esiphakamileyo nakwikholeji abafundi
• Iimpawu zibandakanya umkhuhlane, ukudumba kwamadlala, umqala obuhlungu, intloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa, ukubila ebusuku, kunye neentlungu zomzimba
• Iimpawu zinokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezimbini

Funda inqaku elipheleleyo malunga ne-mononucleosis esosulelayo.

Yintoni ebangela irhashalala kunye nokuqaqamba komqala, ukudumba umqala?

Irhashalala kunye nomqala obuhlungu kunokuba ziimpendulo ezivuthayo. Umzimba wakho ukhupha iikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-histamines xa uvezwe kwi-allergen. Ngelixa oku kuthetha ukuba kuyindlela yokhuselo, ii-histamines zinokubangela irhashalala kunye nokudumba komqala.

Ngamanye amaxesha, umqala kunye nokudumba umqala kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla kunokubonisa impendulo esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis. I-Anaphylaxis idla ngokuba sisiphumo sokuvezwa kwento eyaziwayo ukuba inokubangela ukungalungelani, okufana nenyosi okanye ukutya okuthile.

Ukuba uyakholelwa kuwe okanye umntu okukufuphi nawe ufumana i-anaphylaxis, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 kwangoko.

Intsholongwane kunye nokusuleleka kubhaktheriya kunokubangela ukugqithisa kunye nomqala. Oku kunokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

Isifo sesihlanu

Isifo sesihlanu sisifo sentsholongwane egazini esihlala sichaphazela abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-15. Umqala obuhlungu unokwenzeka kwinqanaba lokuqala lokugula kunye nenkqubela phambili kubuso ebusweni. Emva koko isasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba, kubandakanya isifuba, umqolo, iingalo kunye neempundu.

Irhashalala kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba liphuhlise abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-10 ubudala.

Ukongeza kwi-rash kunye nomqala obuhlungu, isifo sesihlanu sinokubangela iimpawu ezinje ngokubanda kubandakanya impumlo okanye impumlo egudileyo. Abanye abantwana banomkhuhlane ophantsi kwaye bakhalaza ngentloko.

Uninzi lwabantwana luchacha ngokukhawuleza. Akukho sitofu sokuthintela isifo sesihlanu, kodwa ucoceko olufanelekileyo njengokuhlamba izandla rhoqo kuyanceda ukunqanda ukusasazeka kosulelo.

Mononucleosis

Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa "sisifo sokumanga," olu sulelo lwentsholongwane lubangela umkhuhlane, umqala obuhlungu, irhashalala kunye nokudumba kwamalungu. I-Mononucleosis, okanye i-mono, sisifo esosulelayo esisasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya emntwini ngokudibana namathe kunye ne-mucus. Ungagula emva kokuncamisa umntu onentsholongwane, okanye wabelane ngezinto zokutya kunye nokusela iiglasi kunye nomntu osulelekileyo.

Iimpawu zihlala zikhula kwiiveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu emva kokubhengeza intsholongwane. I-Mono inokunyangwa ekhaya ngokuphumla okuninzi kunye neyeza zonyango ukulawula umkhuhlane, umqala obuhlungu kunye nentloko.

Nangona kunjalo, udakada oluqhekezayo lunokubakho ingxaki ye-mono, njenge-jaundice. Yiya kugqirha kwangoko ukuba uva iintlungu ezibukhali, ezinzima kwicandelo eliphezulu lesisu sakho, okanye uqaphele ulusu okanye amehlo ajike abe tyheli.

Umqala owomileyo kunye nomkhuhlane obomvu

Umqala owomileyo ubangelwa liqela A IStreptococcus iintsholongwane. Imeko iqala ngomqala obuhlungu. Ezinye iimpawu zomqala womqala zibandakanya:

• amabala amhlophe emqaleni
• amadlala adumbileyo
• ifiva
• iitoni ezandisiweyo
• kunzima ukugwinya

Abanye abantu banokuba nentlungu esiswini, intloko ebuhlungu, okanye umkhuhlane.

Ugqirha wakho unokufumanisa isifo somqala emva kovavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-strep okanye inkcubeko yomqala. Unyango lubandakanya ikhosi ye-antibiotics.

Ukuba une-strep throat, usemngciphekweni wokukhula komkhuhlane obomvu, obangelwa yityhefu yentsholongwane. Umqondiso womkhuhlane obomvu yingqombela ebomvu ebomvu emzimbeni wakho, oziva ngathi yi-sandpaper kwaye unokuchuba.

Abanye abantu abane-fever ebomvu banolwimi lwe-sitrobheli, olubonakala lubomvu kwaye lubuhlungu.

Funa unyango xa ukrokrela ukuba unesifo esibomvu. Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, iibhaktheriya zinokusasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba kubandakanya izintso, igazi kunye nemiphunga. I-rheumatic fever yinkxalabo yomkhuhlane obomvu kwaye inokuchaphazela intliziyo yakho, amalungu kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous.

Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunyanga umkhuhlane omfusa.

Isandla, unyawo kunye nesifo somlomo

Isandla, iinyawo kunye nesifo somlomo sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yi-coxsackievirus. Isasazeka ngokudibana nomphezulu ongcoliswe lilindle okanye ngokudibana namathe, ukuphuma kwempefumlo, okanye isitulo somntu osulelwe sisifo seenyawo, seenyawo, kunye nomlomo.

Abantwana abancinci basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana olu sulelo. Iimpawu, kubandakanya umqala obuhlungu, zihlala zicoca ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezili-10.

Imasisi

Imasisi yaziwa ngokuba nerhashalala yayo egubungela umzimba xa usulelo luqhubeka. Ezinye iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, njengomqala obuhlungu, umkhuhlane kunye neempumlo ezibalekayo, nazo ziyavela ukongeza irhashalala.

Akukho lunyango lwenene kwimasisi, ke eyona nto intle onokuyenza kukufumana ukuphumla okuninzi kunye nokusela iziselo. Ukuthintela ukufumana imasisi kwasekuqaleni, fumana isitofu sokuthintela imasisi, uqwilikana, irubella (MMR).

Isifo sabadala

Isifo se-Adult-onset Still (AOSD) sisifo esinqabileyo sokuvuvukala esineempawu eziphambili ezibandakanya umkhuhlane omkhulu, iintlungu ezidibeneyo kunye nerhashalala enemibala ye-salmon. I-AOSD inokubangela nomqala obuhlungu kunye ne-lymph node.

I-ASOD ibonakaliswa kukuqhuma kunye nokuxolelwa. Kuyenzeka ukuba ube nesiqendu esinye kuphela ebomini bonke, okanye iziqendu ezininzi ngexesha elibekiweyo njengefutshane nje ngeenyanga ezimbalwa.

Usulelo lwentsholongwane eNtshona

Intsholongwane ye-West Nile (WNV) idluliselwa ngokulunywa yingcongconi esulelwe yile ntsholongwane. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ayingabo bonke abantu abalunywe zezi ngcongconi abaya kuthi bangene kwi-WNV.

Iimpawu zihlala zivela kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-14 emva kokuba wosulelekile kwaye zinokubandakanya:

• umqala obuhkungu
• ifiva
• intloko ebuhlungu
• iintlungu zomzimba
• ukudumba kwamalungu enkovu
• irhashalala esifubeni, esiswini, okanye emqolo

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela usulelo lwe-WNV kukugcina ulusu lwakho luvalwe ngehempe ezinemikhono emide kunye neebhulukhwe, nxiba izinto ezigxotha izinambuzane, kwaye ususe nawaphina amanzi amileyo ajikeleze ikhaya lakho.

Kwi-SARS

Isifo sokuphefumla esiqatha (SARS) yipneumonia yentsholongwane eyaqala ukufunyanwa ngo-2003. Iimpawu ziyafana nezo zomkhuhlane kwaye zinokubandakanya:

• umqala obuhkungu
• ifiva
• ukukhohlela owomileyo
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• ukubila ebusuku kunye nokubanda
• ukudideka
• urhudo
• iingxaki zokuphefumla (malunga neentsuku ezili-10 emva kosulelo)

Abaphandi basebenzela isitofu sokugonya se-SARS, kodwa ngoku akukho nyango luqinisekisiweyo. Akukhange kubekho matyala axeliweyo e-SARS.

Ipoliyo

Ipoliyo sisifo esosulelayo esihlasela inkqubo yeemvakalelo kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Iimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, njengomqala obuhlungu, zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zepoliyo. yamatyala epoliyo aya kukhokelela ekukhubazekeni okusisigxina.

Ngombulelo kugonyo lwepoliyo olwenziwe ngo-1953 kunye nephulo lokupheliswa kwepoliyo kwihlabathi liphela, uninzi lwehlabathi ngoku alunasifo sepoliyo. Imimandla ibandakanya:

• Amazwe aseMelika
• IYurophu
• INtshona Pacific
• EMazantsi mpuma Asiya

Nangona kunjalo, ipoliyo isekhona e-Afghanistan, Pakistan naseNigeria.

Xa ufuna uncedo lwezonyango

Ukuphendula ngokuchaseneyo okubangelwa kukukhawuleza kunye nokuvuvukala komqala kunokuba ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima. Impendulo ebukhali yaziwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis. Olu ngxamiseko lonyango olunokuchaphazela ukuphefumla. Funa unyango kwangoko ukuba ufumana le mpendulo.

Yenza idinga ugqirha ukuba unefiva enganciphisi kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Oku kunokuba ngumqondiso wentsholongwane okanye intsholongwane. Kwakhona, funa unyango xa irhashalala iba rhawuzela ngokunganyamezelekiyo, ulusu lwakho luqala ukubhabha kunye nokuxobuka, okanye uziva ngathi unengxaki engxamisekileyo kwezonyango.

Uphathwa njani umqala kunye nokudumba, umqala odumbileyo?

Unyango lwerhashalala kunye nokuqaqamba, umqala odumbileyo kuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Umzekelo, amayeza e-antihistamine anokunyanga irhashalala kunye nokudumba komqala okubangelwa kukungaziphathi kakuhle. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-epinephrin inokunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba emqaleni.

Ngelixa usulelo lwentsholongwane lunganyangeki ngamayeza, usulelo lwebacteria lunakho. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunciphisa iimpawu zentsholongwane kunye nexesha.

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela okanye acebise i-lotion ye-topical okanye ukutshiza ukunciphisa ukurhawuzelela kunye nokuphazamiseka kukungxamiseka.

Unonophelo lwasekhaya

Kulumkele ukukrwela irhashaza ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kwayo kwaye kuthintele ekubandezelekeni nasekusulelweni. Gcina indawo yomile kwaye icocekile, usebenzisa isepha engenasenti, ethambileyo kunye namanzi ashushu. Ukufaka isicelo se-calamine lotion okanye i-hydrocortisone cream kunokunceda ukunciphisa kunye nokuthomalalisa irhashalala.

Ukugcoba ngamanzi afudumeleyo anetyuwa kungathomalalisa umqala obuhlungu. Ukuphumla nokusela ulwelo oluninzi kunokunceda ukugcina amandla aphilayo emzimbeni wakho.

Thatha amayeza kagqirha njengoko uyalelwe kwaye ude uhambe ukuthintela ukubuyela umva - nokuba uziva ungcono.

Ukuba ukhula umqala udumbile ngokukhawuleza kwaye unengxaki yokuphefumla, kuya kufuneka kuvavanywe kwangoko kwigumbi likaxakeka.

Ndingakuthintela njani ukukhawuleza kunye nomqala obuhlungu?

Ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo kunceda ukulawula ukusasazeka kosulelo. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlamba izandla emva kokuthimla, ngaphambi nasemva kokutya, nasemva kokudibana ngqo nabanye.

Ukuphepha i-allergen eziqhelekileyo ezinje ngeziqholo ezinuka kamnandi kunye nomsi wecuba kunokunciphisa ukubakho kwempendulo.