Ungayitya na inyama yehagu? Konke Okufuneka Ukwazi

Umxholo

• Ngaba ukutya inyama yehagu enqabileyo kukhuselekile?
• Iimpawu zokutya inyama yehagu engcolileyo
• Abemi abasemngciphekweni omkhulu
• Utshintsho kwizenzo
• Iingcebiso ngokubanzi zokukugcina ukhuselekile
• Umgca wezantsi

Nangona izitya zenyama yengulube eluhlaza zikhona kwezinye iinkcubeko, ukutya inyama yengulube eluhlaza okanye engaphekwanga lishishini eliyingozi elinokuvelisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi.

Okunye ukutya, njengeentlanzi ezithile kunye neentlanzi zaselwandle, zinokonwabelwa ziluhlaza xa zilungiswe ngokukhuselekileyo- nangona inyama yehagu ngokuqinisekileyo ingekuko koku kutya.

Eli nqaku liphonononga umngcipheko kunye neziphumo zokutya inyama yengulube eluhlaza okanye engaphekwanga, kwaye ikwabonelela ngeengcebiso zokukugcina usempilweni.

Ngaba ukutya inyama yehagu enqabileyo kukhuselekile?

Ngokungafaniyo ne-steak, enokutyiwa ngaphandle kokuba mdaka ngaphakathi, inyama yehagu enegazi (okanye inqabile) ngaphakathi mayingatyiwa.

Kungenxa yokuba inyama yehagu, evela kwiihagu, ithambekele kwiibhaktheriya ezithile kunye nezidleleli ezibulawa kwinkqubo yokupheka.

Ke, xa inyama yehagu ingaphekwanga kubushushu bayo obufanelekileyo, kukho umngcipheko wokuba ezo ntsholongwane kunye nezidleleli ziya kuphila kwaye zigqitywe. Oku kunokukugulisa kakhulu.

Esinye sisidleleleli esifunyenwe kwingulube I-Trichinella spiralis, umbungu odala usuleleko obizwa ngokuba yi-trichinosis, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-trichinellosis. Ezinye izilwanyana, njengeengcuka, iihagu, iibhere, kunye neewalrus, nazo zinokuphatha le ntshulube (,).

Ngaphezu koko, ukutya inyama yehagu enqabileyo okanye ekrwada kukubeka emngciphekweni weentshulube, Taenia solium okanye Taenia asiatica, ukungena kwindlela yakho yokwetyisa kunye nokuzala kwakhona. Oku kukhokelela kusulelo, njenge-taeniasis okanye i-cysticercosis (,).

Ke, ukutya inyama yehagu enqabileyo okanye engaphekwanga ayithathwa njengekhuselekileyo.

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokukhula kwezi zifo, kufuneka usoloko upheka inyama yakho yehagu kubushushu obufanelekileyo.

Ukutya inyama yehagu ekrwada okanye engaphekwanga kunokubangela ukuba ugule kakhulu kwaye kukubeka emngciphekweni wezidleleli ezifana neentshulube ezingqukuva okanye intshulube ye tapeworm. Ezi zihlala zibulawa kwinkqubo yokupheka-yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uyipheke kakuhle inyama yakho yehagu.

Iimpawu zokutya inyama yehagu engcolileyo

Iimpawu zetrichinosis inokuvela ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 zokutya inyama yengulube engcolileyo, engaphekwanga- kodwa isenokungabonakali kude kube ngeveki emva kokungena ().

Nje ukuba imibungu ingene kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya kwaye uqalise ukuvelisa kwakhona ngeentsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-7, unokufumana isisu esiswini, kunye neempawu ezinje ngesicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, ukudinwa, kunye neekram zesisu ().

Emva koko, kwiveki ukuya kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokungenisa, izibungu ziqala ukuzingxala zibe ziindonga zemisipha kunye namathumbu.

Kweli nqanaba, iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, ubuntununtunu bokukhanya, ukosuleleka kwamehlo, ukudumba kobuso, irhashalala, iintloko kunye nokugodola kuqhelekile ().

I-Trichinosis ngamanye amaxesha inokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu, ezichaphazela intliziyo okanye ingqondo. Ngelixa ezi ngxaki zinqabile, zinokubulala. Ngonyango olwaneleyo, uninzi luya kuchacha kwi-trichinosis malunga neeveki ezisi-8 ().

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izifo ezinxulumene ne-tapeworm ezifana ne-taeniasis okanye i-cysticercosis yinto encinci yokufumanisa ukuba i-tapeworms ayibangeli iimpawu ezikhawulezayo kwaye zihlala zingabonakali.

Iintshulube ze tapeworm zinokufunyanwa malunga neenyanga ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kokungenisa inyama engcolileyo kusetyenziswa uthotho lweesampulu zelindle.

Ukuba iimpawu ze-taeniasis zikhula, zihlala zibandakanya:

• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga
• iingxaki zokwetyisa
• intlungu
• Ukucaphuka okujikeleze indawo yangasemva
• ukuvaleka kwamathumbu

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana ukuxhuzula, le yenye yeempawu ze-cysticercosis. Oku kuthetha ukuba intshulube yehagu iye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba njengengqondo, iliso, okanye intliziyo ().

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, khangela unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Abemi abasemngciphekweni omkhulu

Abo banamajoni omzimba abuthathaka kufuneka babe nokujonga ngakumbi malunga nokulandela izikhokelo zokhuseleko lokutya kunye nokupheka inyama yehagu kubushushu obufanelekileyo.

Oku kubandakanya abo bakhulelweyo, abafumana unyango lomhlaza, okanye amayeza athile acinezela amajoni omzimba.

Ukongeza, abantu abaphila ne-HIV, i-AIDS, isifo seswekile, okanye abo bafumene ukufakelwa komzimba kufuneka balumke ngakumbi malunga nalapho ukutya kwabo kuvela khona kwaye kulungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo.

Iimpawu ze-trichinosis zinokubandakanya isicaphucaphu, isisu esibuhlungu, kwaye, kamva, iintlungu zemisipha, ukudumba kobuso, kunye nefiva ephezulu. Iintshulube ze tapeworm zisenokungabangeli zimpawu kodwa zisenokukwenza ugule kwaye zibangele nokuxhuzula ngequbuliso.

Utshintsho kwizenzo

Ngenxa yokuphuculwa kwezolimo e-United States, Canada nase-Yurophu kule minyaka ingamashumi idlulileyo, ukukhula kwe-trichinosis kuye kwaba yinto enqabileyo (,).

Ngapha koko, ukusukela ngo-2011-2015, umyinge wamatyala ali-16 etrichinosis axelwe kuMaziko oLawulo lweZifo noKhuseleko (CDC) e-United States minyaka le (,).

Uqikelelo lwe-trichinosis kwihlabathi liphela lukhulu kakhulu-kumatyala ayi-10,000 ngonyaka-uninzi luvela e-China nase-mpuma ye-Asiya okanye kumazwe aseMpuma Yurophu (,).

Iimeko zentshulube enxulumene nengulube kunzima ukuyiqonda, kodwa kwihlabathi jikelele kuqikelelwa ukuba ngama-28,000 abantu abafayo ngonyaka abanokubangelwa zezi zifunxi-gazi ().

Nangona kunjalo, kufanelekile ukugcina engqondweni ukuba iinkqubo e-United States ziyaqhubeka.

Ngo-Okthobha i-1, i-2019, iSebe lezoLimo lase-United States (i-USDA) labhengeza ukuba liza kunciphisa inani labahloli bayo kwindawo kwaye livumele abavelisi behagu ukuba bahlole iimveliso zabo zehagu ngokwabo. La manyathelo aqale ukusebenza kwiinyanga ezi-2 kamva (8).

Ngaphambili, ngabahloli bakarhulumente kuphela abanokumisela ukuba zeziphi iimveliso zehagu ezibonakala zikhuselekile ngokwaneleyo ukuba zingathengiselwa uluntu (8).

Ngelixa lisondele kakhulu ukuqonda isiphumo solu tshintsho lubalulekileyo, inokumela ukubekwa kweliso kancinci. Ke ngoko, ukupheka ngokucokisekileyo inyama yakho yehagu kuhlala kubalulekile.

Utshintsho kwezolimo kumashumi eminyaka adlulileyo e-United States lwenze ukuba inyama yehagu ikhuseleke ngokutyiwa. Nangona kunjalo, oku kutshanje kutshintshile, kuvumela ukonganyelwa okungaphantsi. Nokuba yeyiphi indlela, kusabalulekile ukunqanda ukutya inyama yehagu engaphekwanga.

Iingcebiso ngokubanzi zokukugcina ukhuselekile

Awuyi kuba nakho ukuxelela ukuba inyama yakho yehagu yosuleleke I-Trichinella spirals okanye intshulube yehagu ngokuyijonga nje, kuba le mibungu mikhulu kakhulu. Ke ngoko, olona hlobo lokhuselo nxamnye ne-trichinosis kukupheka ingulube yakho kakuhle.

I-Trichinae ibulawa kwi-137 ° F (58 ° C), ngelixa amaqanda e-tapeworm kunye nemibungu ebulawa phakathi kwe-122-149 ° F (50-65 ° C) (,,).

Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba amaqanda wombungu wehagu kunye nemibungu inokubulawa kubushushu obusezantsi be-122 ° F (50 ° C) kwiirosi ezibhaka ngaphezulu kwemizuzu eyi-15-20, kodwa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu angaphezulu kwe-149 ° F (65 ° C) ayafuneka. izitya ezinemixube yehagu yomhlaba (,).

EUnited States, iingcali zicebisa ukuba kuphekwe inyama yehagu de kubushushu bayo bangaphakathi buye kufikelela kwi-145 ° F (63 ° C) ukwenzela iichops, ii-steaks kunye nesinqe. Kwenyama yehagu, inyama yenyama, okanye imixube yenyama yomhlaba, pheka ubuncinci kwi-160 ° F (71 ° C) (11).

Nokuba yinyama yengulube eselunxwemeni okanye yomhlaba, kufuneka uyishiye inyama uphumle imizuzu emi-3 ngaphambi kokuba uyitya. Oku kuvumela inyama ukuba iqhubeke nokupheka kunye nokunyuka kubushushu.

Xa iphekwe ukuya kwi-145 ° F (63 ° C), unokuqaphela ukuba inyama emhlophe inepinki njengoko uyityayo. Ngokwezikhokelo ezihlaziyiweyo ezivela kwi-USDA, oku kuyamkeleka.

Kuya kufuneka usebenzise ithemometha elungisiweyo ukuthatha ubushushu benyama yakho, kwaye ulandele izikhokelo zomenzi.

Ukuphathwa kokutya ngendlela efanelekileyo nako kubalulekile. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuhlamba izandla kubalulekile ngelixa upheka, njengoko usebenzisa amanzi okusela acocekileyo ukuhlamba indawo yokusika, izitya, okanye izixhobo.

Unokufunda ezinye iingcebiso zokhuselo zokuphatha ukutya kwindawo ye-USDA.

Ukupheka inyama yakho yehagu kubushushu obukhuselekileyo kubalulekile ukuthintela usulelo. Ngelixa isinqe sehagu, iichops, kunye nee-steaks kufuneka ziphekwe ukuya kwi-145 ° F (63 ° C), inyama yehagu kufuneka ifike kwi-160 ° F (71 ° C). Vumela inyama yakho ukuba iphumle imizuzu emi-3 ngaphambi kokutya.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukutya inyama yengulube eluhlaza okanye engaphekwanga asiyongcamango ilungileyo. Inyama inokugcina iiparasites, njengeentshulube ezingqukuva okanye intshulube ye tapeworm.

Oku kunokubangela izifo ezibangelwa kukutya njenge-trichinosis okanye i-taeniasis. Ngelixa kunqabile, i-trichinosis inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu ngamanye amaxesha ezibulalayo. Abo banamajoni omzimba abuthathaka kufuneka balumke ngakumbi.

Nangona ukuphuculwa kwezenzo zolimo kuye kwenza ukuba usulelo oluthile luncinci, kusacetyiswa ukuba uphathe ukutya ngokufanelekileyo kwaye upheke inyama yakho yehagu kubushushu obucetyiswayo.

Ngale ndlela, unokupheka inyama yehagu engemnandi kuphela kodwa ikhuselekile ukuba ityiwe.