I-Meningococcal Meningitis: Iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Yintoni ebangela i-meningococcal meningitis
• Indlela yokuzikhusela
• I-sequelae enokwenzeka ye-meningococcal meningitis

I-Meningococcal meningitis luhlobo olunqabileyo lwe-bacterial meningitis, olubangelwa yintsholongwane INeisseria Meningitidis, ebangela ukudumba okukhulu kweembumba ezigubungele ingqondo, ukuvelisa iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane omkhulu, intloko ebuhlungu kunye nesicaphucaphu, umzekelo.

Ngokubanzi, i-meningococcal meningitis ivela entwasahlobo nasebusika, ingakumbi ichaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, nangona inokwenzeka nakwabantu abadala, ngakumbi xa kukho ezinye izifo ezibangela ukwehla kwamajoni omzimba.

I-Meningococcal meningitis iyanyangeka, kodwa unyango kufuneka luqale ngokukhawuleza ukunqanda i-sequelae ye-neurological enokubusongela ubomi. Ke ngoko, nangaliphi na ixesha xa kurhanelwa i-meningitis, umntu kufuneka aye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuya kuqinisekisa isifo kwaye aqale unyango.

Jonga ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezinokusetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa i-meningitis.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-meningococcal meningitis zibandakanya:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu ngaphezulu kwama-38º;
• Ukwahlula intloko;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Intamo elukhuni, kunzima ukugoba intamo;
• Ukozela nokudinwa kakhulu;
• Intlungu edibeneyo;
• Ukunganyamezelani ekukhanyeni nakwingxolo;
• Amabala amfusa eluswini.

Kwelinye icala, i-meningococcal meningitis inokubangela ezinye iimpawu ezinje ngokuthamba ngokuxineneyo, ukuphazamiseka, ukukhala kakhulu, ukuqina komzimba kunye nokuxhuzula. Kuba kunzima ngakumbi ukuba umntwana aqonde ingxaki ebangela ukukhala kakhulu, kungcono usoloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wabantwana, ngakumbi ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho olukhatshwa ngumkhuhlane okanye utshintsho kwindawo ethambileyo.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Kuba i-meningococcal meningitis ithathwa njengemeko yexesha likaxakeka, kuya kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza xa ukrokrela usulelo olunokubakho kwi-meninges. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha usenokukrokrela isifo ngenxa yeempawu, kodwa kuyafuneka ukuba wenze i-lumbar puncture ukuze uchonge ukuba ngaba kukho naziphi na iintsholongwane kwintambo yomqolo kwaye uqinisekise isifo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-meningococcal meningitis kufuneka lwenziwe ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele ngenaliti ye-antibiotics emthanjeni, njengeCeftriaxone, kangangeentsuku ezisi-7.

Ngexesha lonyango, amalungu osapho kufuneka anxibe iimaski zokuzikhusela nanini na esiya kwisigulana, kuba ukuhanjiswa kwe-meningococcal meningitis kwenzeka ngemfihlo yokuphefumla, nangona kunjalo, akuyomfuneko ukuhlala wedwa.

Yintoni ebangela i-meningococcal meningitis

I-Meningococcal meningitis yintsholongwane ye-meninges, iimbumba ezigubungela ingqondo, ezibangelwa bubukho bentsholongwaneINeisseria Meningitidis. Ngokubanzi, le bhaktiriya iqala ichaphazele amanye amalungu omzimba, afana nolusu, ithumbu okanye imiphunga, emva koko ifike ebuchotsheni, apho ikhula khona kwaye ibangele ukudumba okukhulu kweemenins.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo ngakumbi, le bhaktiriya inokungena ngqo kwingqondo, ngakumbi ukuba bekukho ingozi ebuhlungu entloko, enje ngengozi yezithuthi okanye ngexesha lotyando lobuchopho, umzekelo.

Indlela yokuzikhusela

Ukuthintela i-meningococcal meningitis kungenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwezitofu zokugonya i-meningitis ezibandakanyiweyo kwishedyuli yokugonya komntwana, kunye nezinye izilumkiso ezinje:

• Ziphephe iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, ngakumbi;
• Gcina amagumbi endlu angena umoya;
• Ziphephe iindawo ezivaliweyo;
• Yiba nococeko lomzimba olulungileyo.

Ukongeza, abantu abanonxibelelwano olusondeleyo nomnye umntu osulelekileyo kufuneka babone ugqirha ngokubanzi ukuba avavanye ukuba kungenzeka ukuba bachaphazeleka yintsholongwane, baqala ukusebenzisa ii-antibiotics, ukuba kukho imfuneko.

Jonga uluhlu olupheleleyo lokhathalelo ukunqanda ukufumana i-meningitis.

I-sequelae enokwenzeka ye-meningococcal meningitis

Kuba i-meningitis ichaphazela inwebu yengqondo, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu kakhulu weengxaki ezinje:

• Ukuphulukana nombono okanye ukuva;
• Iingxaki ezinzima zobuchopho;
• Ubunzima ekufundeni;
• Ukukhubazeka kwezihlunu;
• Iingxaki zentliziyo.

I-sequelae ye-meningococcal meningitis ihlala ivela xa unyango lungenziwa ngokufanelekileyo okanye xa luqale kade. Ukuqonda ngcono iziphumo ezinokubakho ze-meningitis.