I-Rheumatoid Arthritis kunye namaKnees: Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi

Umxholo

• I-RA ichaphazela njani amadolo
• Iimpawu
• Uxilongo
• Uvavanyo lomzimba
• Uvavanyo lwegazi
• Ukujonga iimvavanyo
• Unyango
• Olunye ulungiso
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Umgca wezantsi

I-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) luhlobo lwesifo samathambo apho amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela izicwili ezisempilweni kumalungu akho.

Ihlala ichaphazela amalungu kunye neenyawo, kodwa inokuchaphazela amadolo namanye amalungu. I-RA ihlala ilinganayo ngokunjalo. Umzekelo, oku kuthetha ukuba omabini amadolo aya kuchaphazeleka.

Ngaphezu kwe-1.5 yezigidi zaseMelika zineRA. Kodwa amadolo akho awanakuqala ukubonisa iimpawu zeRA kude kube kamva, kwanasemva kweminyaka emva kokuba iimpawu ziqale ukuvela.

I-RA enganyangekiyo inokubangela ukudumba kwexesha elide kunye nokuqhubela phambili okunokuthi kukhokelele kumonakalo odibeneyo. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-60 zabantu abane-RA baxela ukuba abanako ukusebenza emva kweminyaka eli-10 ngenxa yeempawu zabo ukuba abalufumani unyango.

Makhe sijonge ukuba i-RA inokuwachaphazela njani amadolo akho, indlela yokuqonda iimpawu, kunye nendlela onokuyifumana ngayo kwaye inyangwe ngaphambi kokuba yenze umonakalo.

I-RA ichaphazela njani amadolo

Kwi-RA, amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela kwaye onakalise ulwelwesi oludibeneyo lweeseli kunye nezicubu ze-capsular ezijikeleze ukudibana. Kuyafana neRA emadolweni akho:

1. Amaseli omzimba ajolise kwi-membrane ye-synovial ebeka idolo ngokuhlangeneyo. Le membrane ikhusela intlala, imisipha kunye nezinye izicubu zamadolo. Ikwenza ulwelo lwe-synovial, oluthambisa ilunga ukuvumela intshukumo egudileyo.
2. Ukudumba kwenwebu. Oku kubangela iintlungu kukudumba kwethishu. Ukuhamba kwamadolo kukwanomda njengoko inwebu edumbileyo ithatha indawo engaphezulu kwindawo yedolo.

Ixesha elingaphezulu, ukudumba kungonakalisa intlala kunye nemisipha yamalungu edolo. Oku kunceda idolo lakho ukuba lihambe kwaye kugcine amathambo ekugaxaneni omnye komnye.

Njengoko zonakala, intlala iyahamba kwaye amathambo aqala ukutyhala nokusila ngokuchasene. Oku kubangela iintlungu kunye nokonakala kwethambo.

Ukonakala kweRA kukonyusa umngcipheko wokophula okanye ukunxiba amathambo ngokulula. Oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima okanye kungenzeki ukuhamba okanye ukuma ngaphandle kwentlungu okanye ubuthathaka.

Iimpawu

Uphawu oluphawuleka kakhulu lweRA kukuthamba, iintlungu, okanye ukungonwabi okuba mandundu xa umi, uhamba, okanye uzilolonga. Oku kwaziwa njenge-flare-up. Iyakwazi ukusuka kwintlungu epholileyo, enokubangela intlungu ebukhali.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-RA emadolweni zibandakanya:

• imfudumalo ngeenxa edibeneyo
• ukuqina okanye ukutshixa ilunga, ngakumbi xa kubanda okanye kusasa
• ubuthathaka okanye ukungazinzi kwendibaniselwano xa ubeka ubunzima kuyo
• kunzima ukuhamba okanye ukulungisa idolo ngokuhlangeneyo
• ukukhwaza, ukucofa, okanye ukuphuma kwengxolo xa indibaniselwano ishukuma

Ezinye iimpawu zeRA onokuzifumana zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ukurhawuzelela okanye ukuba ndindisholo ezinyaweni okanye kwiminwe
• umlomo owomileyo okanye amehlo owomileyo
• ukudumba kwamehlo
• ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• ukunciphisa umzimba ngokungaqhelekanga

Uxilongo

Nazi ezinye zeendlela ugqirha anokuzisebenzisa ukufumanisa i-RA emadolweni akho:

Uvavanyo lomzimba

Kuvavanyo lomzimba, ugqirha wakho unokuhambisa ngobunono idolo lakho ukuze abone ukuba yintoni ebangela nayiphi na intlungu okanye ukuqina. Basenokukucela ukuba ubeke ubunzima kwilungu kwaye umamele ukugaya (i-crepitus) okanye enye ingxolo engaqhelekanga kwilungu.

Baza kubuza imibuzo ngokubanzi malunga neempawu zakho kunye nembali yempilo kunye nembali yezonyango, nayo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi

Iprotein esebenzayo ye-C (CRP) okanye inqanaba le-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) linokulinganisa amanqanaba ezinto ezibonisa ukudumba emzimbeni wakho ezinokunceda ukufumanisa i-RA.

Ukujonga iimvavanyo

Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa iimvavanyo zokucinga ukuze ajonge kakuhle indibaniselwano:

• IX-reyi inokubonisa ukonakala ngokupheleleyo, ukungaqheleki, okanye utshintsho kubume kunye nobungakanani bendawo edibeneyo kunye nokudibeneyo.
• Ii-MRIs zibonelela ngeenkcukacha, imifanekiso emi-3-D enokuqinisekisa ukonakala kumathambo okanye izicwili kwilungu.
• Ii-Ultrasound zingabonisa ulwelo emadolweni kunye nokudumba.

Unyango

Kuxhomekeka kubukhali kunye nokuqhubela phambili kweRA emadolweni, unokufuna kuphela amayeza e-counter-the-counter (OTC).

Kwiimeko eziphambili, unokufuna utyando ukubuyisela ukuhamba okanye ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokuqina kwamadolo akho.

Unyango lwe-RA olungafuneki kutyando lubandakanya:

• ICorticosteroids. Ugqirha wakho utofa i-corticosteroids edolweni ukunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nentlungu. Ezi naliti zezokwexeshana. Kuya kufuneka ufumane rhoqo, amaxesha ambalwa ngonyaka njengoko kufuneka.
• Ii-NSAID. I-OTC iziyobisi ezichasayo (i-NSAIDs), ezinjenge-naproxen okanye ibuprofen, zinokunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokudumba. Ziyafumaneka phantse kulo naliphi na ichiza okanye ivenkile yokutya. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela ii-NSAID ezinamandla, ezinje ngejeli ye-diclofenac.
• Ii-DMARD. Iziyobisi ezichaphazela isifo se-rheumatic (i-DMARDs) zinciphisa ukuvuvukala, zenze ukuba iimpawu zibe mbi kakhulu kwaye zinciphise ukuqala kweRA ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ii-DMARD eziqhelekileyo ezimiselweyo zibandakanya ihydroxychloroquine kunye ne-methotrexate.
• Ibhayoloji. Uhlobo lwe-DMARD, i-biologics inciphisa impendulo yomzimba wakho ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-RA. I-biologics eqhelekileyo ibandakanya i-adalimumab kunye ne-tocilizumab.

Izinketho zokuhlinzwa ze-RA ziquka:

• Ukulungisa iigaments okanye iitoni ezonakalisiweyo Unokomeleza idolo kunye kunye nokuguqula umonakalo ekuvukeleni.
• Ukuhlengahlengisa amathambo okanye idibeneyo (i-osteotomy) inokunciphisa iintlungu ekuphulukaneni nentlala kunye nokusila kwethambo ledolo.
• Ukutshintsha idolo ngokuhlangeneyo Ngeplastikhi eyenziweyo okanye isinyithi sokudityaniswa kwendibano kunokubuyisela amandla kunye nokuhamba ngokudibeneyo. Olu khetho luyimpumelelo kakhulu - iipesenti ezingama-85 zamalungu atshintshiweyo asasebenza kakuhle emva kweminyaka engama-20.
• Ukususa inwebu ye-synovial (i-synovectomy) ejikeleze idolo ngokuhlangeneyo inokunciphisa iintlungu ekudumbeni nasekuhambeni, kodwa kunqabile ukuba kwenziwe namhlanje.

Olunye ulungiso

Nazi ezinye iindlela zonyango ezingqinisisiweyo zasekhaya kunye neendlela zokuphila onokuzama ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-RA emadolweni akho:

• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila. Zama ukuzilolonga okunempembelelo ephantsi njengokuqubha okanye i-tai chi ukuthatha uxinzelelo emadolweni akho. Ukuzivocavoca ixesha elifutshane ukunciphisa amathuba okuphuma.
• Utshintsho kwizidlo. Zama ukutya okuchasayo okanye ukuxhaswa kwendalo njenge-glucosamine, ioli yeentlanzi, okanye i-turmeric ukunciphisa iimpawu.
• Unyango lwasekhaya. Beka i-compress efudumeleyo kwilungu ukuze uncede ukubuyisela ukuhamba kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba, ngakumbi ngokudibanisa ne-NSAID okanye enye into yokunciphisa iintlungu ze-OTC. njenge-acetaminophen.
• Izixhobo zokunceda. Zama ukufakwa kwezihlangu okanye ii-insoles. Unokusebenzisa udondolo okanye unxibe amadolo okuqinisa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kumalungu akho emadolo ukuze kube lula ukuhamba.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba unamava alandelayo ahambelana namalungu akho emadolo:

• ukungakwazi ukuhamba okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yesiqhelo yemihla ngemihla ngenxa yeentlungu ezidibeneyo okanye ukuqina
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obukugcina up ebusuku okanye obuchaphazela imeko yakho iyonke okanye umbono
• iimpawu eziphazamisa umgangatho wobomi bakho, njengokukugcina ekwenzeni izinto ozithandayo okanye ubone abahlobo kunye nosapho

Funa ukhathalelo lonyango kwangoko ukuba ufumana ukudumba okubalulekileyo okanye ukudumba, kunye namalungu ashushu. Oku kunokubonisa usulelo olusisiseko olukhokelela kwintshabalalo edibeneyo.

Umgca wezantsi

I-RA inokuchaphazela amadolo akho njengalo naliphi na elinye ilungu emzimbeni wakho kwaye ibangele iintlungu, ukuqina, kunye nokudumba okungangena kwindlela yobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.

Isitshixo kukufumana unyango kwangoko kwaye rhoqo. Idibeneyo inokonakaliswa ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba kwakho, okwenza kube nzima ukuhamba okanye ukuma.

Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba iintlungu ziphazamisa umgangatho wobomi bakho kwaye zenza ukuba kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi esisiseko ebandakanya amadolo akho.