6 Oonobangela beNtlungu yeNtso yasekunene: Iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Usulelo lwe-Urinary tract (UTI)
• Unyango
• Amatye eentso
• Unyango
• Ukonzakala kwe-renal
• Unyango
• Isifo sezintso sePolycystic (PKD)
• Unyango
• I-vein vein thrombosis (RVT)
• Unyango
• Umhlaza wezintso
• Unyango
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Ukuthatha

Izintso zakho zikwindawo esemva kwesisu sakho phantsi kwembambo yakho. Unelinye icala lomqolo wakho. Ngenxa yobungakanani kunye nendawo yesibindi sakho, izintso zakho zasekunene zihlala ukuhlala ezantsi kancinci kunasekhohlo.

Uninzi lweemeko ezibangela izintso (izintso) zentlungu zichaphazela enye yezintso zakho. Intlungu kwindawo yezintso zakho zasekunene inokubonisa ingxaki yezintso okanye inokubangelwa ngamalungu akufuphi, izihlunu, okanye ezinye izicwili zomzimba.

Apha ngezantsi kukho izizathu ezibangelwa zintlungu kwizintso zakho zasekunene:

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngezi zinto zibangela iintlungu zezintso, kunye nendlela le micimbi efumaneka ngayo kwaye inyangwe ngayo.

Usulelo lwe-Urinary tract (UTI)

Ngokwesiqhelo zibangelwa ziibhaktheriya, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zibangelwa ngumngundo okanye intsholongwane, ii-UTIs sisifo esiqhelekileyo.

Nangona zihlala zibandakanya umchamo ongezantsi womchamo (urethra kunye nesinyi), zinokubandakanya iphecana eliphezulu (ureters kunye nezintso).

Ukuba izintso zakho zichaphazelekayo, iimpawu kunye neempawu zingabandakanya:

• umkhuhlane ophezulu
• icala kunye neentlungu ezingaphezulu
• Ukugodola nokungcangcazela
• ukuchama rhoqo
• Umnqweno oqhubekayo wokuchama
• igazi okanye ubofu emchameni
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha

Unyango

Njengolayini wokuqala wonyango lwe-UTIs, ugqirha uya kuthi amisele i-antibiotics.

Ukuba izintso zakho zosulelekile (pyelonephritis), banokumisela amayeza e-fluoroquinolone. Ukuba une-UTI eqatha, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngokulaliswa esibhedlele kunye ne-antibiotics efakwa ngaphakathi.

Amatye eentso

Yenziwe kwizintso zakho - zihlala zisuka kumchamo oxineneyo- amatye ezintso ziidipozithi eziqinileyo zetyuwa kunye neeminerali.

Iimpawu zamatye ezintso zingabandakanya:

• icala kunye nomqolo obuhlungu
• isidingo esiqhubekayo sokuchama
• intlungu xa uchama
• ukuchama ngesixa esincinci
• umchamo wegazi okanye onamafu
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha

Unyango

Ukuba ilitye lezintso lincinci ngokwaneleyo, linokudlula ngokwalo.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza entlungu kwaye usele kangangee-2 ukuya kwezi-3 iilitha zamanzi ngosuku. Banokukunika i-alpha blocker, iyeza elihlaziya i-ureter yakho ukunceda ukuba ilitye lidlule ngokulula nangaphantsi kabuhlungu.

Ukuba ilitye likhulu okanye libangela umonakalo, ugqirha unokucebisa ngenkqubo yokuhlasela efana nale:

• Umothuko owandisiweyo we-lithotripsy (ESWL). Le nkqubo isebenzisa amaza esandi ukwaphula ilitye lezintso libe lincinci, kube lula ukugqithisa iziqwenga.
• I-nephrolithotomy yamandla. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ulisusa eli litye esebenzisa iiteleskopu ezincinci kunye nezixhobo.
• Ububanzi. Ngexesha lale nkqubo, ugqirha usebenzisa izixhobo ezizodwa ezibavumela ukuba badlule kwi-urethra nakwisinyi ukuba babe ngumgibe okanye baphule ilitye.

Ukonzakala kwe-renal

Ukulimala kwezintso kukwenzakala kwezintso kumthombo ongaphandle.

Ukuqaqanjelwa bubukrelekrele kubangelwa yimpembelelo engangeniyo kulusu, ngelixa ukwenzakala okungena emzimbeni ngumonakalo obangelwa yinto engena emzimbeni.

Iimpawu zokuqaqanjelwa sisifo ihemmaturia kunye nokugruzuka kwindawo yezintso. Iimpawu zoxinzelelo olungena ngenxeba sisilonda.

Ukonzakala kwe-renal kulinganiswa kwisikali ukusuka kwi-1 kuye kwi-5, kunye nebanga loku-1 kukulimala okuncinci kunye nebanga lesi-5 izintso ezaphukileyo zacinywa kunikezelo lwegazi.

Unyango

Uninzi lwexinzelelo lwentso lunokukhathalelwa ngaphandle kotyando, lunyange iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinjengokuphazamiseka kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ugqirha wakho usenokucebisa ngonyango kwaye, kunqabile, utyando.

Isifo sezintso sePolycystic (PKD)

I-PKD sisifo semfuza esibonakaliswa ngamaqela e-cysts egcwele ulwelo ekhula kwizintso zakho. Uhlobo lwesifo sezintso ezingapheliyo, i-PKD inciphisa ukusebenza kwezintso kwaye inokubangela ukusilela kwezintso.

Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-PKD zinokubandakanya:

• umqolo kunye neentlungu ezisecaleni
• hematuria (igazi kumchamo)
• amatye ezintso
• Ukungaqheleki kweValve yentliziyo
• igazi elonyukayo

Unyango

Kuba akukho lunyango lwe-PKD, ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda ulawule imeko ngokunyanga iimpawu.

Umzekelo, ukuba enye yeempawu luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, banokumisela utshintsho kwindlela yokutya, kunye ne-angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) okanye i-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.

Usulelo lwezintso banokumisela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

Kwi-2018, i-FDA yamkele i-tolvaptan, iyeza lokunyanga isifo se-polycystic isifo sezintso (ADPKD), uhlobo lwe-PKD enika ingxelo malunga neepesenti ezingama-90 zamatyala e-PKD.

I-vein vein thrombosis (RVT)

Imithambo yakho yeentso ezimbini ithatha igazi eliphele ioksijini kwizintso zakho lisiya entliziyweni yakho. Ukuba i-clot yegazi ikhula kuyo zombini okanye zombini, ibizwa ngokuba yi-renal vein thrombosis (RVT).

Le meko inqabile. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• iintlungu ezisezantsi
• hematuria
• kunciphise ukuphuma komchamo

Unyango

Ngokuka-a, i-RVT ithathwa njengesiqhelo sesimo esisisiseko, esiqhelekileyo isifo se-nephrotic.

Isifo seNephrotic sisifo sezintso esibonakaliswa kukukhupha umzimba kakhulu kwiprotein. Ukuba i-RVT yakho sisiphumo sonyango lwe-nephrotic syndrome ugqirha unokucebisa:

• uxinzelelo lwegazi amayeza
• iipilisi zamanzi, amayeza anciphisa i-cholesterol
• abacoci gazi
• amajoni omzimba-ukucinezela amayeza

Umhlaza wezintso

Umhlaza wezintso awunazo iimpawu kude kube kamva. Iimpawu zexesha elizayo zibandakanya:

• icala eliqhubekayo kunye neentlungu zangasemva
• hematuria
• ukudinwa
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga
• umkhuhlane wexeshana

Unyango

Utyando lolona nyango lusisiseko kwizintso ezininzi zomhlaza:

• I-nephrectomy: yonke intso iyasuswa
• i-nephrectomy ekhethekileyo: ithumba lisuswe kwizintso

Ugqirha wakho ugqirha unokukhetha ukwenza utyando oluvulekileyo (ukusikwa okukodwa) okanye utyando lwe-laparoscopic (uthotho lwezinto ezincinci).

Olunye unyango lomhlaza wezintso lubandakanya:

• Unyango lokuzikhusela kunye neziyobisi ezifana ne-aldesleukin kunye ne-nivolumab
• unyango ekujoliswe kulo kunye neziyobisi ezinje ngecabozantinib, sorafenib, everolimus, kunye temsirolimus
• unyango lwemitha ngemiqadi yamandla anamandla aphezulu anjengee-X-ray

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ukuba uhlangabezana nentlungu engaguqukiyo kumbindi wakho ukuya kumqolo ongaphezulu okanye emacaleni, jonga ugqirha wakho. Isenokuba yingxaki yezintso, ngaphandle kwengqwalaselo, ezinokuzonakalisa izintso zakho ngokusisigxina.

Kwezinye iimeko, ezinjengokusulelwa zizintso, oko kunokubangela iingxaki ezisongela ubomi.

Ukuthatha

Ukuba unentlungu kwindawo yezintso zakho zokunene, kunokubangelwa yingxaki yezintso eziqhelekileyo, ezinjengokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yomchamo okanye ilitye lezintso.

Iintlungu kwindawo yezintso zakho zasekunene zisenokubangelwa yimeko engaqhelekanga efana ne-renal vein thrombosis (RVT) okanye isifo sesifo sezintso (PKD).

Ukuba unentlungu eqhubekayo kwindawo yezintso, okanye ukuba intlungu iya isiba nzima, okanye iphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, jonga ugqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa kunye nokonyango.